1. 這些動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)時(shí),其賓語(yǔ)只能是表示人的名詞或代詞;主語(yǔ)大多為表示引起某種感情的事或物的名詞。如:
The good service here satisfied the tourists. 這兒的良好服務(wù)使游客感到滿意。
His speech inspired us all a great deal. 他的演講使我們大家倍受鼓舞。
2. 這些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞常與物連用,在句中既可作定語(yǔ)又可作表語(yǔ)。如:
This is a boring report. 這是一個(gè)令人厭煩的報(bào)告。
The situation was more puzzling than ever before. 局勢(shì)變得更加捉摸不定。
3. 這些動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞常與人連用,在句中作表語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。如:
The excited children couldn't go to sleep all night long.
這些興奮的孩子整個(gè)晚上無(wú)法入睡。
We were disappointed at his words. 聽(tīng)了他的話,我們很失望。
4. 有時(shí)也可見(jiàn)到這些動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞和人連用,過(guò)去分詞與物連用的現(xiàn)象,但有時(shí)在意思上有所不同。如:
She is an amusing girl. 她是一個(gè)討人喜歡的女孩。
There was puzzled expression on his face. 他臉上流露出迷惑不解的表情。
比較:
There was a puzzling expression on his face. 他的臉上流露出令人不解的表情。
5. 這些動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式表示主動(dòng)意思,其后面引起心理反應(yīng)的人或物,常用by, with, at引導(dǎo)。如:
She is bored with his flatteries. 她聽(tīng)膩了他的奉承話。
We were surprised about his lucky success. 我們對(duì)他的僥幸成功感到驚奇。
6. 這些動(dòng)詞的名詞形式有些可以構(gòu)成“to one's + 名詞”短語(yǔ),意為“使某人……的是”。如:to one's surprise使驚奇的是, to one's satisfaction使某人滿意的是, to one's disappointment使某人失望的是, to one's astonishment使某人震驚的是, to one's amusement使某人好笑的是, to one's interest使某人感興趣的是,等等。