課本中不會(huì)教你的[D]236　drop，fall和fell

236　drop，fall和fell

◎ 作為動(dòng)詞，drop可用作及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。

① drop作為及物動(dòng)詞，意為“放棄（念頭），使下（車），使落下”，

He dropped the idea of going on the holiday. 他放棄了去度假的想法。

Please drop this letter into the post-box. 請(qǐng)把這封信投到郵箱里。

Many trees drop their leaves in winter. 許多樹(shù)木在冬季落葉。

② drop in on sb./at one's house意為“順便拜訪，到……家來(lái)”。

Please drop in at any time. 隨便什么時(shí)候都請(qǐng)來(lái)坐坐。

She dropped in on us last Sunday. 她上星期天來(lái)看我們了。

He dropped in at my house last night. 他昨晚來(lái)訪我家。

③ drop behind和fall behind均可表示“落后”。

He dropped behind in the race. 他在賽跑中落后了。

She has dropped behind the rest of the class. 她落在班上其他人后面了。

提示

drop out意為“退出”，drop out of school意為“退學(xué)”，drop sb. a line/note意為“給某人留個(gè)言”。

④ 表示溫度、價(jià)格、物體等“下降，下落，掉下”時(shí)，可用drop和fall，為不及物動(dòng)詞。

The temperature has dropped. 氣溫下降了。

The temperature has fallen.

The price of meat has fallen by 10 cents. 肉的價(jià)格下降了1角錢。

The price of meat has dropped by 10 cents.

The cup dropped out of his hand. 杯子從他手中掉了下來(lái)。

The cup fell out of his hand.

She dropped to the ground. 她摔倒在地上。

She fell to the ground.

⑤ drop可以作及物動(dòng)詞用，表示故意或無(wú)意“掉下”，fall則不可。

He dropped the pen on the ground.

他把鋼筆掉在了地上。

He fell the pen on the ground.

⑥ drop可以表示因疲勞而倒下；fall可以表示在戰(zhàn)斗中受傷或犧牲，drop則不可以。

He was tired and dropped into a chair. 他很累，倒在了一把椅子里。

Five soldiers fell in the battle. 有五個(gè)士兵在戰(zhàn)斗中陣亡。

⑦ fall可用作動(dòng)詞和名詞，表示“落下，跌落，下降”，指人或物從高處“落下”，還可以表示抽象事物由高到低的變化，意為“降臨，減弱”等。

（1）作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，fall為不及物動(dòng)詞，過(guò)去式為fell，過(guò)去分詞為fallen。

Leaves fell from the trees. 樹(shù)葉從樹(shù)上落下了。

Babies often fall when they are learning to walk. 幼兒學(xué)步時(shí)常會(huì)摔跤。

（2）作名詞時(shí)，fall是可數(shù)名詞。

There was a light fall of rain yesterday. 昨天下了小雨。

He had many falls last month. 他上月摔了許多跤。

（3）作連系動(dòng)詞，fall表示“進(jìn)入某種狀態(tài)”。

She fell asleep soon. 她不久就睡著了。

The children have fallen silent. 孩子們安靜下來(lái)了。

⑧ fell是及物動(dòng)詞，意為“砍倒，擊倒”，過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞均為felled。

The tree was felled some days ago. 這棵樹(shù)幾天前被砍倒了。

He felled two men. 他擊倒了兩個(gè)人。

比較

落下：fall→fell，fallen（falling leaves 飄落的樹(shù)葉）

砍倒：fell→felled，felled（fell a tree 砍倒一棵樹(shù)）

感覺(jué)：feel→felt，felt（feel better 感覺(jué)好一些）