課本中不會教你的[I]403　it用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)

403　it用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)

① 無人稱代詞it，常用作形式主語，放在句首，代替后移的真正主語：不定式短語、動名詞短語或that從句。

It is necessary to take a walk every day. 每天散散步是很必要的。（it是形式主語，真正主語是不定式短語to take a walk every day）

It is no use crying over spilt milk. 牛奶灑了，哭也沒用。（it是形式主語，真正主語是動名詞短語crying over spilt milk）

It is a great pleasure that you have come to the party. 你來參加晚會，真是太好了。（it是形式主語，真正主語是that you have come to the party）

② 無人稱代詞it常用作形式賓語，代替后移的真正賓語：不定式或that從句。

I found it difficult to get the work done on time. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)很難按時完成這項工作。（it是形式賓語，真正賓語是不定式短語to get the work done on time）

I think it best that you should stay here. 我認(rèn)為你待在這里最好。（it是形式賓語，真正賓語是that從句：that you should stay here）

③ 無人稱代詞it，可用于強(qiáng)調(diào)，結(jié)構(gòu)為：It is+被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分+that，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的可以是主語、賓語或狀語。要注意的是，不論強(qiáng)調(diào)的是什么成分，不論是人、物、時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語或原因狀語等，都要用that一詞。比較下面兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：

It is…that+謂語+其他成分（強(qiáng)調(diào)主語時，直接用that作主語）

It is…that+句子（強(qiáng)調(diào)其他成分時，that后要加句子）

Li Ming told me the news yesterday. 李明昨天告訴了我那個消息。（非強(qiáng)調(diào)）

It was Li Ming that told me the news yesterday. 昨天告訴我那個消息的是李明。（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語Li Ming）

He bought a blue pen this morning. 今天上午他買了一支藍(lán)鋼筆。（非強(qiáng)調(diào)）

It was a blue pen that he bought this morning. 今天上午他買的是一支藍(lán)鋼筆。（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)賓語a blue pen）

He left on Sunday. 他星期天離開的。（非強(qiáng)調(diào)）

It was on Sunday that he left.

他是在星期天離開的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語on Sunday）

It was on Sunday when he left.

The train arrived at the town during the night. 火車在夜間到達(dá)這座小城。（非強(qiáng)調(diào)）

It was during the night that the train arrived at the town.

火車是在夜間到達(dá)這座小城的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語during the night）

It was during the night when the train arrived at the town.

He was born in this room. 他在這個房間里出生。（非強(qiáng)調(diào)）

It is in this room that he was born.

他就是在這個房間里出生的。（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)地點(diǎn)狀語in this room）

It is in this room where he was born.

He didn't come because it rained. 因為天下雨，他沒有來。（非強(qiáng)調(diào)）

It was because it rained that he didn't come.

（強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)原因狀語because it rained）

It was because it rained why he didn't come.

提示

①被強(qiáng)調(diào)的如果是指人的主語或賓語，有時可用who或whom代替that。

It is she who is wrong. 是她錯了。

It is she that is wrong.

②注意下面強(qiáng)調(diào)句式的疑問句形式：

Is it that John often comes to school late that makes the teacher angry？是不是約翰經(jīng)常上學(xué)遲到使老師生氣的？

Was it at midnight that you heard the strange sound？你是不是在半夜聽到那個奇怪的聲音的？

Why was it that he sold the house？他賣了房子到底是為什么？

Where was it that they made a date for the first time？他們是在哪里第一次約會的？