高中語法專練：vi. 分詞的邏輯主語

vi. 分詞的邏輯主語

1. 分詞作定語時(shí)的邏輯主語就是它修飾的名詞或代詞。

This is an interesting story .

這是一個(gè)有趣的故事。

I saw a rolling stone .

我看到一個(gè)滾動(dòng)的石頭。

The crying boy is her little brother.

在哭叫的孩子是她的小弟弟。

2. 分詞作狀語時(shí)的邏輯主語就是全句的主語。

Turning around , we saw an old woman walking to the river.

我們轉(zhuǎn)過身來，看到一位老太太在向河邊走去。

When using the machine , you must read the instructions first.

當(dāng)你使用機(jī)器的時(shí)候必須先讀說明書。

Seeing from the hilltop , he was delighted to see a wonderful valley.

從山頂望去，他高興地看到一個(gè)美妙的山谷。

Seen from the hilltop , our city can be seen more clearly.

從山頂望去，我們的城市看得更清楚了。

3. 分詞作補(bǔ)語時(shí)的邏輯主語就是全句的賓語。

I saw him running around the track on the playground.

我看見他在操場(chǎng)上繞著跑道跑步。

We found the houses in the village damaged in the earthquake.

我們發(fā)現(xiàn)村里的房子在地震中被毀了。

4. 根據(jù)現(xiàn)在分詞與邏輯主語的關(guān)系可以確定分詞的語態(tài)形式。

1）分詞作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，分詞的語態(tài)形式取決于分詞與其邏輯主語即句子賓語的關(guān)系。

We saw a light burning in the window.

我們看到窗戶里面燈亮著。

We saw the house being burnt down.

我們看到房子正在被燒毀。

2）分詞作定語，分詞的語態(tài)形式取決于分詞與其邏輯主語即所修飾的名詞或代詞的關(guān)系。

The building being built now will be our library.

現(xiàn)在正在被建的大樓將是我們的圖書館。

The man making the speech at the meeting is our new headmaster.

正在會(huì)上發(fā)言的是我們的新校長(zhǎng)。

3）分詞作狀語，分詞的語態(tài)形式取決于分詞與其邏輯主語即句子的主語的關(guān)系。

The little girl came in, singing and dancing.

那個(gè)小姑娘進(jìn)來了，唱著跳著。

Having been shown the lab , we were taken to the dining hall.

被領(lǐng)著看了實(shí)驗(yàn)室之后，我們被帶到餐廳去。

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1. Once lost, _______.

A. to get such a chance is difficult

B. such a chance will never come again

C. one can never get such a chance

D. there'll be no such a chance

2. The boy overslept and kept all the others _______ at the station for hours.

A. to wait

B. having been waited

C. waiting

D. being waited

3. Mary left her coat _______ in the train.

A. laying

B. lying

C. laid

D. lie

4. This is the best film _______ this year.

A. to show

B. to be shown

C. showing

D. shown

5. The books _______ belong to Mr. Smith.

A. which is on the table

B. lying on the table

C. are on the table

D. which on the table

6. Father caught the boy _______ in the garage.

A. smoke

B. to smoke

C. smoking

D. being smoked

7. —Who are those people walking along the street with banners?

—A group _______ the League for Global Environment Protection.

A. calling

B. called

C. called itself

D. is called

8. _______ for the coming examinations before, I have no time for the film.

A. Not preparing

B. To prepare

C. Having not prepared

D. Not having prepared

9. _______ for half a month, the town was running out of food and clothing.

A. Having flooded

B. As the town had flooded

C. Having been flooded

D. To have been flooded

10. _______ the call for help, the boys immediately rushed out to see what was going on.

A. In order to hear

B. Hearing

C. Having heard

D. They heard

11. Jane is looking forward to _______ from me. Remember _______ my letter on your way home.

A. hear; to post

B. hearing; post

C. hearing; to post

D. hearing; posting

12. _______ their life in the past, ours is much better.

A. Comparing with

B. Compared with

C. To compare with

D. Comparing to

13. After seeing the play, _______.

A. it made him read the book at once

B. he wanted to read the book at once

C. the book was immediately read

D. it interested him a great deal

14. _______ from the hill top, the whole city of Nanjing looks more beautiful.

A. As people see

B. Seeing

C. People see the city

D. Seen

15. The soldiers ran as fast as they could, _______ to catch the fleeing enemies.

A. hoping

B. to hope

C. they hoped

D. hoped

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