英國語文第二冊(雙語) 第41課:兩個(gè)清道夫

LESSON 41 The two crossing-sweepers

第四十一課 兩個(gè)清道夫

They could not claim a single friend,beneath the wide-spread sky;

廣闊天地，沒有人愿意做他們的朋友；

But to each other they were bound,by poverty's strong tie.

但他們彼此之間卻因?yàn)樨毟F而命運(yùn)相連。

Though poor, they were too proud to beg,

雖然貧窮，他們依然一身傲骨，不愿乞討；

Too upright far to steal;

雖然貧窮，他們依然品行端正，恥于偷竊；

And gladly would they sweep and clean,to gain an honest meal.

他們樂意以清掃街道換取一頓晚餐，心安理得。

But, sad to say, the only food，they often had to eat,was scraps of bread and broken fruit,they picked up from the street.

但不幸的是，他們能吃到的唯一食物經(jīng)常是從街上撿來的面包屑和爛水果。

It was a bleak and bitter morn,just at the close of March,

三月底，每天早上單調(diào)痛苦的，

And they had slept the night before,within a market arch.

他們前一晚只能睡在商店門前。

As very hungry, very cold,

因?yàn)轲囸I和寒冷，

They wandered down the street,

他們在街上晃蕩，

Joe picked an apple from the ground,

喬從地上撿到了一個(gè)蘋果，

And thought, "Why, here's a treat!

他想，“為什么，我找到了一頓大餐！”

"It has been rather kicked about,but it's a good one still;"

“雖然被它已經(jīng)被踢爛了，但還可以吃；”

And, turning to his mate, he said,"what have you picked up, Bill?"

然后，他轉(zhuǎn)身問同伴：“比爾，你撿到什么了嗎？”

"I haven't found a single scrap,"Bill mournfully did say—

比爾凄涼地答道：“我連一點(diǎn)面包屑都沒看見?！?/p>

"Then, as you are the younger, Bill,Here—take and bite away."

——“比爾，我比你年長，你吃一口我的蘋果吧”

The poor boy bit a small piece off:

這個(gè)可憐的男孩咬了一小口。

"Ha! that won't do!" cried Joe;

喬喊道：“哈！這樣不行！

"Bite bigger, Billy—bigger yet!

咬多一點(diǎn)，比利——大口咬！

You're welcome—that you know!"

你知道我的，不用和我客氣！”

A noble lesson this should teach,

從這個(gè)故事我們應(yīng)該學(xué)到很寶貴的東西，

Dear children unto you:

親愛的孩子們：

Do unto others as you would that they to you should do.

你希望人如何對待你，就如何去待人。

—R. P. S.

—R. P. S.

QUESTIONS

問題

What were the two boys too proud to do? and too upright to…? How did they get their living? What was the only food they often had? Where did they spend a night in March? What did Joe find in the morning? Did he begin to eat it himself? That would have been…? What did he do with it? What did he say when Bill bit off a small piece? What lesson should this teach us?

這兩個(gè)男孩的一身傲骨讓他們不愿去做什么？他們的正直讓他們不愿去干什么？他們?nèi)绾沃\生？他們經(jīng)常只能吃到什么？三月的一個(gè)晚上他們睡在哪？喬在早上發(fā)現(xiàn)了什么？他一個(gè)人吃了發(fā)現(xiàn)的東西嗎？要是這樣會(huì)怎么樣？他是如何處理撿到的東西的？比爾咬了一小口后喬說了什么？我們從這一課能學(xué)到什么？

USEFUL KNOWLEDGE III

有用的知識(shí)III

THE SEASONS

季節(jié)

Into how many seasons is the year divided? Four: Spring, Summer, Autumn, and Winter.

一年分為幾個(gè)季節(jié)？一年有四個(gè)季節(jié)：春、夏、秋、冬。

WINTER.—Which is the coldest season? Winter.

冬天——最冷的是哪個(gè)季節(jié)？是冬天。

Is it winter all over the Earth at the same time? No; when it is winter in the northern half of the Earth, it is summer in the southern half; and when it is summer in the north, it is winter in the south.

全球進(jìn)入冬天的時(shí)間都是一樣的嗎？不，當(dāng)北半球是冬天時(shí)，南半球就是夏天；反之依然。

When is it winter in either half of the Earth? When that half is least directly under the sun's rays.

南北半球的冬天是什么時(shí)候？當(dāng)太陽直射最少時(shí)，半球就進(jìn)入冬天。

What effect has this on the length of the days? The days are shortest in winter, and the nights longest. The shortest day is the middle of winter.

這對白晝長度有什么影響？冬天白晝最短，夜晚最長。隆冬時(shí)白晝時(shí)間最短。

What kind of weather have we in winter? Very cold, with frost and snow.

冬天的天氣怎么樣？很寒冷，下霜又下雪。

What is snow? Water frozen as it falls from the clouds.

雪是什么？雪是凝結(jié)的水珠。

What is it when the drops are frozen into little balls? Hail.

雨珠變成小球時(shí)是什么？是冰雹。

Of what use is snow? It covers the earth, and guards the seeds and young plants from the frost.

雪有什么用？雪覆蓋大地，保護(hù)種子和小植物不受霜的影響。

Of what use is frost? It kills many insects that injure plants; and it crumbles the clods and makes them fit to receive the seed.

霜有什么用呢？霜能殺死許多傷害植物的害蟲；霜還能讓土地裂開，方便播種。

What is frozen water? Ice.

水凝固了是什么？是冰。

How do we play on the ice? We skate and slide.

我們在冰面上怎么玩耍？我們在冰面上滑雪。

How do we play with the snow? We build snow-houses, and throw snow-balls.

我們怎么玩雪？堆雪屋，打雪仗。

Where do the birds go in winter? Many of them go to warmer countries—as the swallow, the cuckoo, and the nightingale.

冬天鳥兒都去哪兒了？許多鳥兒在冬天都飛到更溫暖的國家去了——例如燕子，杜鵑和夜鶯。

What do those that remain do? They come near our houses, and become very tame.

那些沒飛走的鳥兒呢？它們住在我們房子附近，會(huì)變得很溫順。

How are the birds fed on Christmas-day in some countries? A sheaf of corn is tied on a pole, and put up for them to eat.

在有些國家圣誕節(jié)怎么喂鳥？在桿子上綁一個(gè)玉米，豎起來，讓它們吃。

What birds often hop into the house in winter? The robin redbreast in Britain; the black and white snow-bird in America.

冬天什么鳥兒經(jīng)常飛進(jìn)屋子？英國的紅襟和更鳥；美國的黑雪雀和白雪雀。

What do some animals do in winter? Hide themselves in holes, and sleep for weeks at a time.

有些動(dòng)物怎么過冬？藏在洞穴里，有時(shí)睡上一個(gè)星期。

How do we keep our houses warm in winter? We have fires in our rooms.

冬天我們?nèi)绾巫尫孔颖Ｅ课覀兊姆块g里有火。

What does the fire burn in? The grate.

火在哪個(gè)地方？在壁爐里。

What do we burn in it? Wood and coal.

我們燒什么？燒木柴和煤。

Where does coal come from? It is dug out of deep pits, far below the surface of the ground.

煤是怎么來的？是從地上深處挖出來的。

After the middle of winter, what do the days become? Longer and longer.

隆冬過后，白晝有什么變化？白晝會(huì)越來越長。

SPRING.—Which season follows Winter? Spring: so called because plants then begin to spring or grow.

春天——冬天后面是什么季節(jié)？是春季：之所以叫春天是因?yàn)樵诖杭局参锒奸_始發(fā)芽生長。

What changes do you then see in nature? The grass becomes green, the flowers begin to send up new leaves, and the little buds appear on the hedges and trees.

春季的大自然有什么變化？草兒變綠，花兒長新葉，樹上發(fā)新芽。

What does the farmer do in spring? He ploughs and harrows the ground, and sows the seed.

農(nóng)民在春天里有哪些活動(dòng)？農(nóng)民在春天里用犁耙犁地，隨后播種。

What is a harrow? A large kind of rake with long teeth, used to break the clods of earth which the plough has turned up.

犁耙是什么？一種帶有長齒的耙子，用來把犁好的土地耙開。

When is the ground harrowed again? After the seed is sown, to cover the seeds with earth.

什么時(shí)候第二次犁地？播種過后，這樣是為了用泥土掩蓋種子。

What is the young corn like? Green, like blades of grass.

小麥長什么樣？像綠色的草葉。

What helps it to grow? The rain and the sunshine.

是什么幫助小麥成長？陽光雨露。

What do the birds do in spring? They begin to build their nests.

春季時(shí)鳥兒都在干嘛？鳥兒們開始筑巢。

What are the chief birds of spring? The thrush and the cuckoo, in England; in America, the robin and the song-sparrow. The cuckoo is called in England the bird of spring.

春季的鳥主要有哪些？英國有畫眉和杜鵑；美國有知更鳥和麻雀。在英國我們把杜鵑叫做春天之鳥。

What is the length of the day in the middle of spring? The day is exactly the same length as the night. The sun rises at six in the morning, and sets at six in the evening.

春分白晝的長度是多少？晝夜等長。早晨六點(diǎn)太陽升起，下午六點(diǎn)太陽落山。

SUMMER.—Which is the next season? Summer, the warmest season of the year.

夏季——春季后面是哪個(gè)季節(jié)？是夏季，是全年最熱的季節(jié)。

What goes on in the fields in summer? Hay-making.

夏季田野里是什么景象？收割干草。

What is hay? Ripe grass cut down and dried in the sun.

干草是什么？將長大的牧草割下曬干。

For what is it used? To feed horses and cows, chiefly in winter, when they cannot get fresh grass.

干草有何用處？用來喂馬喂牛，尤其是在冬天牛馬吃不到鮮草的時(shí)候。

What is the corn like in summer? It is full-grown, the ears are formed on the stalk, and it is growing yellow as it ripens in the sun.

夏季里的小麥長什么樣？小麥已經(jīng)長成，莖上已經(jīng)長出穗，在陽光的照射下逐漸成熟，顏色變黃。

What do you notice about the sheep in summer? It is the time when the little lambs play in the fields.

羊群在夏天有什么活動(dòng)？夏天是小羊羔在田里玩耍的時(shí)間。

What is done to the sheep then? They are washed in a pool or stream, and then their wool is shorn.

隨后這些羊被怎么樣了？牧羊人會(huì)在池里或小溪里將它們洗凈，隨后剪羊毛。

What are the birds doing in summer? The young birds have learned to fly about, and are singing in the woods.

夏天里鳥兒們都在做什么？小鳥已經(jīng)開始學(xué)飛，在森林里歌唱。

What bird comes back to us in summer? The swallow.

什么鳥會(huì)在夏天飛回來？燕子。

Why are the woods and fields so pleasant in summer? The flowers are in full bloom, the air is sweet and soft, and the trees shelter us from the warm sunshine.

為什么夏天里的森林和田野這么怡人？百花盛開，空氣清新，我們還可以在樹蔭下遮陽。

What is midsummer day? The longest day in the year.

夏至日是什么？全年白晝最長的一天。

And after that? The days get shorter and shorter, and so we are carried into Autumn.

夏至日之后呢？白晝越來越短，并即將進(jìn)入秋季。

AUTUMN.—What is Autumn the season of? Of harvest.

秋季——秋天是什么季節(jié)？秋天是豐收的季節(jié)。

What is harvest? The ingathering of the fruits of the earth.

什么是豐收？采集地里的果實(shí)。

What is the first work the farmer has to do then? Reaping, or cutting down the corn.

豐收過后農(nóng)民要做的第一件事是什么？收割小麥。

What is done with it after it is cut down? It is left in the fields to dry for some time, and is then built into stacks.

放倒麥苗后做什么？留在田里曬干，之后再堆積起來。

What is done with it, when it is required for food? It is sent to the threshing-mill, where the seeds are separated from the straw and from the chaff.

堆積起來做什么用？何時(shí)可食用？收集起來后送往磨坊，當(dāng)果實(shí)從稈上脫落并去皮后可食用。

What is straw? The stalk or stem of corn.

稈是什么？小麥的莖稈。

What is it used for? As bedding for horses and as roofing for houses. Sometimes it is plaited, and made into hats and bonnets.

有什么用？可用來鋪設(shè)馬廄和蓋房子。有時(shí)候編成辮子，放進(jìn)帽子里。

What is chaff? The empty husk of the corn-seed.

什么是殼？小麥的空皮。

Where is the seed sent, from the threshing-mill? To the flourmill, to be ground into flour and meal.

小麥從磨坊送往何處？送去面粉廠，碾成面粉。

Where is it sent next? It is now ready for the baker, who makes it into loaves and rolls.

隨后送去何處？送到烘培師手中，做成食物。

What kind of flour is chiefly used in making bread? Wheat flour.

做面包主要用哪種面粉？麥面。

What does the farmer grow besides hay and corn? Pease and beans for his horses; turnips for his cattle in winter; and potatoes, to last us till next summer.

除了干草和小麥，農(nóng)民還種哪些東西？種豌豆和大豆喂馬；冬天種蘿卜喂牛；還種土豆留作備用食物。

What else is gathered in autumn? Fruit is gathered, in gardens and orchards; nuts and blackberries are gathered in the woods.

秋天還豐收哪些作物？果園里的水果，森林里的堅(jiān)果和黑莓。

What is the length of the day in the middle of autumn? The same length as the night,—as in the middle of spring.

秋分這一天白晝長度如何？晝夜等長，——和春分日一樣。

But what difference is there? After the middle of spring, the days get longer and the nights shorter; after the middle of autumn, the days get shorter and the nights longer.

有什么區(qū)別嗎？春分后，白晝變長夜晚變短；秋分后反之。

And after autumn? We pass again to the cold days of winter.

秋天過后是什么？再經(jīng)歷寒冷的冬天。