劉文勇GRE寫(xiě)作Argument題庫(kù) Day 85

Day 85 In a study of the reading habits of Waymarsh citizens conducted by the University of Waymarsh, most respondents said that they preferred literary classics as reading material

In a study of the reading habits of Waymarsh citizens conducted by the University of Waymarsh, most respondents said that they preferred literary classics as reading material. However, a second study conducted by the same researchers found that the type of book most frequently checked out of each of the public libraries in Waymarsh was the mystery novel. Therefore, it can be concluded that the respondents in the first study had misrepresented their reading habits.

Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.

五問(wèn)：

（1）“Therefore, it can be concluded that the respondents in the first study had misrepresented their reading habits”是結(jié)論，其余部分是事實(shí)，值得反駁嗎？

（2）本題與調(diào)查研究相關(guān)，請(qǐng)大家先回顧基礎(chǔ)理論的部分：到底什么樣的調(diào)查研究才是合理的？具備哪些要素才能使一項(xiàng)調(diào)查研究更加有效？

（3）兩項(xiàng)調(diào)查研究分別選取了兩個(gè)不同的途徑來(lái)呈現(xiàn)研究對(duì)象的閱讀習(xí)慣：前者采用“most respondents said”的方式，而后者采用“most frequently checked out of each of the public libraries”的方式，你能說(shuō)說(shuō)看，這兩個(gè)途徑可能存在的問(wèn)題分別是哪些？（比如：對(duì)于前者來(lái)說(shuō)，說(shuō)出來(lái)的情況就一定屬實(shí)嗎？會(huì)不會(huì)出現(xiàn)被調(diào)查者因?yàn)轭櫦懊孀踊蚴瞧渌蚨辉敢庹f(shuō)真話的情況？而對(duì)于后者來(lái)說(shuō)，可能民眾并不愿意到圖書(shū)館去借書(shū)看——看書(shū)的主要途徑可能是買(mǎi)書(shū)——因此圖書(shū)館的情況并不能很好地反映閱讀習(xí)慣。）

（4）在信息不充分的情況下，我們能否簡(jiǎn)單地認(rèn)定，第二次調(diào)查研究比第一次更有效，更有代表性？原文中如果能提供哪方面的信息，就能讓我們得出扎實(shí)的結(jié)論？例如：提供第二次調(diào)查的時(shí)間范圍，排除人們愛(ài)讀推理小說(shuō)是由于某部剛上映的推理電影而一時(shí)產(chǎn)生興趣的可能；或者提供圖書(shū)館借閱數(shù)據(jù)以證明其真實(shí)性等。

（5）你能否嘗試描述一種情形：兩個(gè)調(diào)研由于著重點(diǎn)不同，雖然各自并不存在什么缺陷，卻得出了不同的結(jié)論？第一個(gè)調(diào)研是調(diào)查 Waymarsh citizens的閱讀習(xí)慣，而第二個(gè)調(diào)研調(diào)查的是圖書(shū)館里哪一種圖書(shū)的借閱率最高，可見(jiàn)兩個(gè)調(diào)研的著重點(diǎn)并不相同。