初中·課本中不會教你的 代詞 正誤速辨
代詞 正誤速辨
1 我們都不喜歡這部電影。
誤 We all don't like the film.
誤 All of us don't like the film.
正 None of us like the film.
評 表示“我們都不”要用None of us...。
2 琳達，她是莉莉。
誤 Linda, she is Lily.
正 Linda, this is Lily.
評 用英語介紹雙方相識時，常用“this is...”結(jié)構(gòu)。
3 我不能把他一個人留下。
誤 I can't leave him himself .
正 I can't leave him by himself .
評 leave sb. by himself表示“把某人獨個兒留下”，為習(xí)慣搭配。
4 是他寫的那封信。
誤 It's him who wrote the letter.
正 It's he who wrote the letter.
評 在正式場合，be動詞后要用代詞的主格形式，在口語中或在非正式場合可用代詞的賓格形式。
5 那是什么？—那是椅子。
誤 What's that?—That is a chair.
正 What's that?—It is a chair.
評 由this或that表示的問句，回答時要用it。it不譯為“它”，而譯為“這”或“那”。
6 我認為告訴你他們之間的區(qū)別很重要。
誤 I think important to tell you the difference between them.
正 I think it important to tell you the difference between them.
評 think, find, feel等動詞后常用it作形式賓語，而把真正賓語不定式后置。
7 這個書包不是我的，是她的。
誤 This bag is not mine. It's her .
正 This bag is not mine. It's hers .
評 mine, ours, hers等名詞性物主代詞，可單獨使用。my, her, our等形容詞性物主代詞，不可單獨使用，后要跟具體的人或物。
8 這是誰的鋼筆？—是湯姆的。
誤 Whose pen is it? —Its Tom's.
正 Whose pen is it? —It's Tom's.
評 its是it的所有格形式，作定語。it's是it is的縮寫。
9 誰能回答這個問題？我能！
誤 Who can answer the question? I !
正 Who can answer the question? Me !
評 主格人稱代詞（I, we等）通常不單獨使用，在簡單回答中，一般用賓格人稱代詞。
10 那些是什么？—那些是雞蛋。
誤 What are those?—Those are eggs.
正 What are those?—They are eggs.
評 由these或those引起的問句，回答時要用they。
11 他們中誰會說英語？
誤 Who of them can speak English?
正 Which of them can speak English?
評 which可指人或物，表示一定范圍內(nèi)的“哪一個，誰”。
12 她母親是一位教師。
誤 She mother is a teacher.
正 Her mother is a teacher.
評 “她母親”要用代詞所有格her，不可用代詞主格。
13 任何人都不能摘這些花。
誤 Anybody can not pick these flowers.
正 Nobody can pick these flowers.
評 anybody, anyone和anything用在肯定句中作主語，不可在否定句中作主語。nobody, no one和nothing用于否定句中作主語。
14 誰遲到了？—我想是瑪麗。
誤 Who is absent?—I think she is Mary.
正 Who is absent?—I think it's Mary.
評 回答Who is absent? Who's that等類似問句時，如果不能肯定是“誰”，常用it代替人。
15 他們哪一個也不知道答案。
誤 Each of them doesn't know the answer.
正 None of them knows the answer.
評 each作主語時，只用于肯定句，不可用于否定句。
16 這是誰的詞典？
誤 Who's dictionary is this?
正 Whose dictionary is this?
評 who's是who is的縮寫，不可作定語。whose意為“誰的”，作定語或表語。
17 我想喝點水，但杯子里沒有水。
誤 I want to drink some water, but there is nothing in the bottle.
正 I want to drink some water, but there is none in the bottle.
評 none作不可數(shù)名詞表示“一點也沒有”，相當于not any。nothing表示“沒有什么（東西），什么（東西）也沒有”。
18 這是她見過的最高的山。
誤 It is the highest mountain which she has seen.
正 It is the highest mountain that she has seen.
評 作先行詞的名詞前有最高級修飾時，其后的定語從句要用that引導(dǎo)，不可用which。
19 所有這些書都是我的。
誤 All these books are my .
正 All these books are mine .
評 mine是名詞性物主代詞，可作主語、表語或賓語，相當于my+名詞。
20 就是在南京，她第一次遇見了他。
誤 It was in Nanjing where she first met him.
正 It was in Nanjing that she first met him.
評 在“It is...that”強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中，無論強調(diào)地點、時間或人，均用that引導(dǎo)，不用where, which等。
21 這是艾麗絲的鑰匙，請交給她。
誤 This is Alice's key. Please give her it .
正 This is Alice's key. Please give it to her .
評 give可帶雙賓語。如果直接賓語代詞是指物的it或them，只能說give it/them to sb.；如果直接賓語是名詞，則可用give me the key或give the key to me。
22 我要說的就是：多注意你的發(fā)音。
誤 What I want to say is that : Pay more attention to your pronunciation.
正 What I want to say is this : Pay more attention to your pronunciation.
評 this用于指代下面將要提及的事，that則指代上面已提到過的事。
23 他們所有人都喜歡這部電影。
誤 All them like the film.
正 All of them like the film.
評 all不可直接修飾代詞，要用“all of+代詞賓格”結(jié)構(gòu)。
24 他通常在星期天做家務(wù)。
誤 He usually does his housework on Sunday.
正 He usually does housework on Sunday.
評 “做家務(wù)”要說do housework，不可加one's。
25 她本人和她的兒子都受了傷。
誤 Herself and her son were hurt.
正 She and her son were hurt.
評 反身代詞用于表示強調(diào)的場合。
26 瑪麗穿著同莉莉一樣的裙子。
誤 Mary wears the same skirt that Lily wears.
正 Mary wears the same skirt as Lily wears.
評 the same...as表示“同……一樣的”，但兩者不是同一物，the same...that則表示兩者為同一物。
27 你父親是干什么的？—他是教師。
誤 Who is your father?—He is a teacher.
正 What is your father?—He is a teacher.
正 What does your father do?—He is a teacher.
28 這個籃子里的蘋果比那個籃子里的蘋果大。
誤 The apples in this basket are bigger than that in that basket.
正 The apples in this basket are bigger than those in that basket.
評 those和that均可指代前面已提到過的名詞，those指代復(fù)數(shù)名詞，that指代單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。
29 他自學(xué)英語。
誤 He taught him English.
正 He taught himself English.
評 當主語與賓語為同一人時，要用反身代詞。
30 他們兩人，哪一個都會放風箏。
誤 Any of them can fly a kite.
正 Either of them can fly a kite.
評 either表示“兩個中的任何一個”；any表示“3個或3個以上中的任何一個”。
31 班上人人都喜歡運動。
誤 Everyone in the class are fond of sports.
正 Everyone in the class is fond of sports.
評 everyone, everybody, everything, anyone, somebody等代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
32 他打了她的臉。
誤 He hit her in her face .
正 He hit her in the face .
評 “打某人的臉”，要用hit sb. in the face，習(xí)慣表達。
33 這幅畫多美??！
誤 How a beautiful picture it is!
正 What a beautiful picture it is!
正 How beautiful the picture is!
評 what引導(dǎo)感嘆句修飾名詞，名詞前可有其他形容詞修飾。how引導(dǎo)感嘆句修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞。
34 我有一塊手表，但是幾天前弄丟了。
誤 I had a watch but I lost this a few days ago.
正 I had a watch but I lost it a few days ago.
評 指代前面已提到過的單數(shù)名詞，要用it，不用this。
35 我有些重要的事要告訴你。
誤 I have important something to tell you.
正 I have something important to tell you.
評 修飾不定代詞something, nothing, anything, everything等的形容詞，要后置。
36 我的雨傘丟了，我要再買一把。
誤 I've lost my umbrella, I want to buy it again.
正 I've lost my umbrella, I want to buy one again.
評 one用于泛指，代替同一名稱的另一件東西，兩者不是同一物。
37 他自己洗衣服。
誤 Himself washed the clothes.
正 He washed the clothes himself .
評 反身代詞通常不作主語，而作主語或賓語的同位語，也可作動詞賓語或介詞賓語，常表示強調(diào)。
38 她昨天什么也沒有吃。
誤 She didn't eat something yesterday.
正 She didn't eat anything yesterday.
評 something用于肯定句，anything用于否定句和疑問句。
39 我沒有詞典，得買一本。
誤 I haven't got a dictionary and have to buy that .
正 I haven't got a dictionary and have to buy one .
評 表示泛指的“a/an+名詞”常用one代替，表示特指的“the+名詞”常用that代替。
40 那是我自己的房間。
誤 That's myself room.
正 That's my own room.
評 反身代詞myself, ourselves等不可作定語。
41 一個人應(yīng)隨時向別人學(xué)習(xí)。
誤 Someone should always be ready to learn from others.
正 One should always be ready to learn from others.
評 one表示“一個人，任何人”，為泛指，包括說話人在內(nèi)。someone表示“某人，有人”。
42 她在晚會上玩得很高興。
誤 She enjoyed her at the party.
正 She enjoyed herself at the party.
評 enjoy oneself表示“過得快活，玩得快活”，要用反身代詞作賓語。
43 每個人都盡了全力。
誤 Everybody has done their best.
正 Everybody has done his best.
評 everybody為單數(shù)，應(yīng)用his保持一致。
44 這兩扇窗子都開著。
誤 The windows both are open.
正 The windows are both open.
評 both作同位語時，一般要放在be動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞后，行為動詞前。如：They both joined the army. （他們兩人都參了軍。） We must both read the book again. （我們兩人都得把這本書再讀一遍。）
【提示】 all用作同位語時的位置與both相同。
45 汽車來了，不是嗎？
誤 There comes the bus, doesn't there ?
正 There comes the bus, doesn't it ?
評 there be句型表示“存在”時，其附加問句仍用there引導(dǎo)。
46 你怎樣處理這些舊書呢？
誤 How will you do with these old books?
正 What will you do with these old books?
評 do with意為“處理，對付”，do是及物動詞，應(yīng)有賓語，故要用what，不用how。
47 所有這樣的工具都是手工做的。
誤 Such all tools are made by hand.
正 All such tools are made by hand.
評 指示代詞such應(yīng)放在any, one, few, some, all, no等修飾語后。
48 她昨天收到了他的來信。
誤 She heard from his letter yesterday.
正 She heard from him yesterday.
正 She received his letter yesterday.
評 “收到來信”可以說hear from sb.或receive sb.'s letter。
49 我昨晚9點鐘做完了家庭作業(yè)。
誤 I finished homework at nine o'clock last night.
正 I finished my homework at nine o'clock last night.
評 do one's homework和finish one's homework為固定表達。
50 他們幾個人誰也沒爬那座山。
誤 Neither of them climbed the mountain.
正 None of them climbed the mountain.
評 neither表示“兩者都不”；none指“3個或3個以上都不”。
51 中國有多少人口？
誤 How many is the population of China?
誤 How much is the population of China?
正 What's the population of China?
評 問“多少人口”要用What's the population...?或How big is the population...?不可用how many或how much。
52 她的父母是醫(yī)生。
誤 Her father and her mother are doctors.
正 Her father and mother are doctors.
正 Her parents are doctors.
評 and連接的兩個名詞，關(guān)系密切時，常共用一個冠詞或代詞，如果關(guān)系不密切，則每個名詞前均要用冠詞或代詞。
53 兩個男孩都在房間里。
誤 Either of the boys are in the room.
正 Either of the boys is in the room.
評 “either of, neither of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞或代詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
54 我和莉莉在同一班上。
誤 I and Lily are in the same class.
正 Lily and I are in the same class.
評 出于禮貌，英語中通常把you放在最前面，把I放在最后。
55 那里沒有人，是嗎？
誤 Nobody is there, is anybody ?
正 Nobody is there, are they ?
評 nobody作陳述句的主語時，其反意疑問句通常要用they。
56 他說：“我知道答案?！?/b>
誤 He said that, “I know the answer.”
正 He said, “I know the answer.”
評 在直接引語中，不用連接詞that，在間接引語中才用that。
