1 such 和what 用作形容詞時,修飾名詞,such 意為“如此的,這樣的”,what 意為“多么”。在“形容詞+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)前,要用such 或what ,結(jié)構(gòu)為:
such+a/an+形容詞 +單數(shù)名詞
what+a/an+形容詞 +單數(shù)名詞
such+形容詞 +復(fù)數(shù)名詞
what+形容詞 +復(fù)數(shù)名詞
such+形容詞 +不可數(shù)名詞
what+形容詞 +不可數(shù)名詞
這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的“形容詞+名詞”應(yīng)當作一個名詞詞組看待,such 和what 就修飾這個名詞詞組。
He didn't say such a thing. 他沒有說過那樣的事。
It is such an interesting book . 這是如此有趣的一本書。
What a fine day it is! 多么好的一天呀!
I've never seen such big apples . 我從沒見過這么大的蘋果。
What tall buildings they are! 它們是多么高的大樓??!
It's such cold water . 這是如此冷的水。
What bad weather it is!多糟的天氣?。。ú豢烧fWhat a bad weather it is!)
2 so 和how 用作副詞,修飾形容詞和副詞,so 意為“如此,這樣”,how 意為“多么”,結(jié)構(gòu)為:
so+形容詞 +a/an+單數(shù)名詞
how+形容詞 +a/an+單數(shù)名詞
這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的形容詞后必須有不定冠詞a 或an ,后面也必須是可數(shù)單數(shù)名詞,而不能是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞。
It is so interesting a book . 這是如此有趣的一本書。
How fine a day it is! 多么好的一天??!
這是多么好的一幅畫 。
It is so nice a picture . (正)
It is so a nice picture . (誤)
It's such a nice picture. (正)
What cold water it is! (正)多冷的水啊 !
How cold water it is! (誤)
這是多么有用的工具啊 !
How useful a tool it is! (正)
How a useful tool it is! (誤)
What a useful tool it is! (正)
3 such...as 意為“像……一樣的(人或物)”,這里的as 不可用like。
I've never seen such a clean city as Nanjing. 我從未見過像南京這樣干凈的城市。
I like such friends as Jim and Tom. 我喜歡像吉姆和湯姆這樣的朋友。
I enjoy working with such a man as he. 我喜歡同像他這樣的人一起工作。
我從未遇見過像她這樣善良的女孩 。
I've never met such a kind girl as she. (正)
I've never met such a kind girl like she. (誤)
4 such...that 和so...that 都可以表示“如此……以致”,that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句,但搭配不同,比較:
such(+形容詞 )+名詞 +that從句 (such是形容詞 )
so+形容詞 (+名詞 )或副詞 +that從句 (so是副詞 )
It was such a good book that he read it three times. 這本書那么好,他讀了3遍 。
It is so good a book that he read it three times.
這些衣服如此貴,她買不起 。
These are such dear clothes that she can't buy them.
These clothes are so dear that she can't buy them.
這咖啡確實好,他又要了一杯 。
It was such good coffee that he asked for another cup.
The coffee is so good that he asked for another cup.
他是個學(xué)習(xí)這么用功的學(xué)生,一定會通過考試 。
He is such a hard-working student that he will surely pass the exam.
He is so hard-working a student that he will surely pass the exam.
提示
such用作形容詞時,要放在a或an的前面,見上例,但要放在any, all, another, every, no, many, more, one, some, several等的后面。
All such books must be read. 所有這樣的書都要讀。(不可說such all books)
One such dictionary is enough. 一本這樣的詞典就夠了。(不可說such one dictionary)