1 地板上有一些衣服。
誤 There is some clothes on the floor.
正 There are some clothes on the floor.
評 clothes是復數(shù)名詞,復數(shù)概念,作主語時謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。
2 杭州在哪里?
誤 Where's Hang Zhou ?
正 Where's Hangzhou ?
評 中國的地名譯成英語時,用漢語拼音,第一個字母大寫,書寫時不分開。
3 現(xiàn)在11點10分。
誤 It's 11:10 o'clock .
正 It's 11:10 .
評 o'clock用于表示整點,幾點幾分后不可用o'clock。
4 桌子上有一些舊的收音機。
誤 There are some old radioes on the table.
正 There are some old radios on the table.
評 以o結(jié)尾的名詞變成復數(shù)時,有些只加s,如:radios, pianos, photos, kilos(公斤)等;有些要加es,如:heroes, tomatoes(西紅柿), potatoes(土豆)等。
5 她的家離這里不遠。
誤 Her family is not far from here.
正 Her home is not far from here.
評 family指由父母和子女組成的家庭。home指人出生和居住的地方。
6 他喝了兩杯咖啡。
誤 He drank two cup of coffee .
誤 He drank two cups coffee .
正 He drank two cups of coffee .
評 不可數(shù)名詞如tea, coffee, wine, ink, water等表示量時,可用a cup of(一杯),a glass of(一杯)等,表示復數(shù)時則說two cups of, three glasses of等。
7 他們是日本人。
誤 They are Japaneses .
正 They are Japanese .
評 Japanese, Chinese等表示國人的詞,單復數(shù)形式相同。
8 這臺計算機多少錢?
誤 What is the cost of the computer?
正 What is the price of the computer?
正 How much does the computer cost ?
評 price指“價格,價錢”,通常指顧客應付的錢;cost意為“成本,費用,代價”,cost作動詞時可表示“價值為”。
9 我通常在晚上做家庭作業(yè)。
誤 I usually do my homeworks in the evening.
正 I usually do my homework in the evening.
評 homework, work(工作)等為不可數(shù)名詞,沒有復數(shù)形式。
10 一些警察站在那邊。
誤 Some policeman are standing over there.
正 Some policemen are standing over there.
11 A:喂,是瑪麗嗎?
B:不是,我是林達。
誤 A: Hello, Mary?
B: No, I am Linda .
正 A: Hello, Mary?
B: No, This is Linda (speaking).
評 用英語打電話時,“我是……”要說This is...,不可說I am...。
12 碗里有些肉。
誤 There are some meats in the bowl.
正 There is some meat in the bowl.
評 meat, fish, rice, milk, bread等物質(zhì)名詞,通常只用單數(shù)形式。
13 她在5年級3班。
誤 She is in Grade Five, Class Three .
正 She is in Class Three,Grade Five .
評 大小單位詞并用時,漢語通常是大的單位詞在前,小的單位詞在后,而英語則相反。
14 她很喜歡法國食物。
誤 She likes French foods very much.
正 She likes French food very much.
評 food作“食物,食品”解是不可數(shù)名詞。
15 徐老師,早上好。
誤 Good morning, Teacher Xu .
正 Good morning, Mr. Xu .
評 漢語中的“徐老師,張老師”等稱呼的“老師”,要用符合英語習慣的“Mr./Mrs./Miss+姓”表示。
16 王老師教我們數(shù)學。
誤 Mr. Wang teaches our maths.
正 Mr. Wang teaches us maths.
評 “教某人某學科”要用“teach sb.(用代詞賓格或名詞)+學科名詞”。
17 他晚餐喝了一杯啤酒。
誤 He drank a cup of beer at dinner.
正 He drank a glass of beer at dinner.
評 cup指用陶瓷等制成的帶把兒的小茶杯,常有托盤,用來喝茶,喝牛奶或喝咖啡,而喝啤酒用的是玻璃杯,這起源于西方,已成了習慣。
18 3人缺席。
誤 Three people is absent.
誤 Three peoples are absent.
正 Three people are absent.
評 people作“人,人們,人民”解時,為復數(shù)名詞,總稱,不可加s,謂語動詞要用復數(shù)形式。
19 她的身體怎樣?
誤 How is her body ?
正 How is her health ?
評 漢語中的“身體好不好”,“健康如何”,譯成英語要用health一詞。
20 瓶子里有多少酒?
誤 How many wine is there in the bottle?
正 How much wine is there in the bottle?
21 這是8號房間。
誤 It is 8 Room .
正 It is Room 8 .
22 她晚餐吃了一些魚。
誤 She ate some fishes at dinner.
正 She ate some fish at dinner.
評 fish表示“魚肉”時為不可數(shù)名詞,作“魚”解時,其復數(shù)形式仍為fish。fishes則表示“不同種類的魚”。
23 他名叫張東方。
誤 His name is Zhang Dong Fang .
誤 His name is Zhang Dong fang .
正 His name is Zhang Dongfang .
正 His name is Zhang Dong-fang .
評 漢語名字譯成英語時,用漢語拼音來寫,姓和名要分開,但名字之間不分開,但可用連字符,姓和名的第一個字母都要大寫。
24 這本書20元錢。
誤 This book is twenty yuans .
正 This book is twenty yuan .
評 漢語的貨幣名稱譯成英語時用音譯,但只用單數(shù)形式,且通常用斜體。
25 一位士兵站在街道中間。
誤 A soldier is standing in the centre of the street.
正 A soldier is standing in the middle of the street.
26 這是通往那座海濱小城的路嗎?
誤 Is this the street to the seaside town?
正 Is this the road to the seaside town?
評 street指城市中的“街道”,兩邊有建筑物。road指“公路,道路”。
27 昨天許多人去游泳了。
誤 A lot people went swimming yesterday.
正 A lot of/Lots of people went swimming yesterday.
28 他昨天買了一些紙。
誤 He bought some papers yesterday.
正 He bought some paper yesterday.
評 paper表示“紙”時為不可數(shù)名詞,表示“報紙,論文”時,為可數(shù)名詞。
29 我要理發(fā)。
誤 I'll have my hairs cut.
正 I'll have my hair cut.
評 hair指一個人的全部頭發(fā)時是不可數(shù)名詞。表示一根或幾根頭發(fā),是可數(shù)名詞。
30 這棵大樹宜于乘涼。
誤 This large tree makes a nice shadow .
正 This large tree makes a nice shade .
評 shade指“遮陰處,(圖畫中的)陰影”。shadow指“影子,陰影”。
31 校門關(guān)上了。
誤 The school door is closed.
正 The school gate is closed.
32 大廳里擠滿了人。
誤 The hall is full of men .
正 The hall is full of people .
評 泛指人時,要用people,不用men。
33 特納一家將去山里度假。
誤 Turner's family will spend their holidays in the hills.
正 The Turners will spend their holidays in the hills.
正 The Turner family will spend their holidays in the hills.
評 表示“全家,一家人”時,要說“the+復數(shù)姓”或“the+姓+family”。
34 他看到地板上有一支鋼筆。
誤 He saw a pen on the ground .
正 He saw a pen on the floor .
評 floor意為室內(nèi)“地板”;ground指室外“地面”。
35 我們今天下午有兩節(jié)課。
正 We have two lessons this afternoon.
正 We have two classes this afternoon.
36 她昨天買了許多水果。
誤 She bought many fruits yesterday.
正 She bought much fruit yesterday.
評 總稱“水果”時,要用fruit,用a lot of或much修飾。fruits則表示不同種類的水果。
37 其他學生正在植樹。
誤 The others students are planting trees.
正 The other students are planting trees.
評 other為形容詞,others是名詞,常同the連用,指“別的人”。
38 警察在那邊站著。
誤 The police is standing over there.
正 The police are standing over there.
評 police是集體名詞,總稱,作主語時,謂語動詞通常用復數(shù)形式。
39 他步行去學校。
誤 He went to school on feet .
正 He went to school on foot .
評 on foot意為“步行”,為固定搭配,不可說on feet。
40 你什么時候入團的?
誤 When did you join the league ?
正 When did you join the League ?
評 “中國共產(chǎn)主義青年團”的League,第一個字母要大寫。
41 她賣蔬菜和雞蛋。
誤 She sells vegetable and eggs.
正 She sells vegetables and eggs.
評 vegetable是可數(shù)名詞,常用復數(shù)形式。
42 她在三班。
誤 She is in class three .
正 She is in Class Three .
評 英語中,表示號碼編排的名詞和基數(shù)詞,每個詞的第一個字母通常都要大寫。
43 那邊有六頭牛。
誤 There are six cattles over there.
正 There are six cattle over there.
44 今天星期幾?
誤 What's the date today?
正 What day is it today?
評 What's the date today?意為“今天幾號?”
45 她有兩塊手表。
誤 She has two watchs .
正 She has two watches .
46 邁克,有你的電話。
誤 Mike, you have a telephone .
正 Mike, there is a telephone call for you.
47 她所有的牙都掉了。
誤 All her tooth are gone.
正 All her teeth are gone.
48 天氣多糟??!
誤 What a bad weather it is!
正 What bad weather it is!
評 weather是不可數(shù)名詞,前面不可加a。
49 他是英國人。
誤 He is an English .
正 He is an Englishman .
評 English作名詞時,從整體上表示“英語,英國人”。
50 那座小城位于中國的東北部。
誤 The town lies in the eastnorth of China.
正 The town lies in the northeast of China.
評 復合方位詞,英語的表述方式與漢語不同。
51 他們是男教師。
誤 They are man teachers.
正 They are men teachers.
評 man和woman作定語時,要同被修飾的名詞在數(shù)上保持一致。
52 街上車輛很多。
誤 There are a lot of traffics in the street.
正 There are a lot of traffic in the street.
評 traffic意為“交通,交通量,往來”,為不可數(shù)名詞。
53 你最好多鍛煉身體。
誤 You'd better take more exercises .
正 You'd better take more exercise .
評 exercise作“訓練,體育鍛煉”解時,為不可數(shù)名詞;作“練習,習題”解時,是可數(shù)名詞。
54 他的一個同學考試沒及格。
誤 One of his classmate failed in the exam.
正 One of his classmates failed in the exam.
55 他們住在3-8號房間。
誤 They live in Rooms No. 3-8 .
正 They live in Rooms Nos. 3-8 .
評 No.為number的縮寫式,如果號碼不止一個,要用Nos.。
56 2班在河邊植樹。
誤 Class Two is planting trees along the river.
正 Class Two are planting trees along the river.
評 class如果表示班上的各個成員,作主語時,謂語動詞要用復數(shù)。
57 他昨天買了一件家具。
誤 He bought a furniture yesterday.
正 He bought a piece of furniture yesterday.
評 furniture是不可數(shù)名詞,如表示數(shù)量,可用piece。
58 畫中有3只狼。
誤 There are three wolfs in the picture.
正 There are three wolves in the picture.
評 以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)時,要將f或fe改為v,再加es。
59 地板上有1支粉筆。
誤 There is a chalk on the floor.
正 There is a piece of chalk on the floor.
評 chalk為物質(zhì)名詞,不可數(shù),要用piece表示數(shù)量。
60 他早餐吃了兩塊面包。
誤 He had two breads for breakfast.
正 He had two pieces of bread for breakfast.
評 bread是不可數(shù)名詞,可用piece, slice或loaf表示數(shù)量。
61 他們將建一個新的運動場。
誤 They will build a new sport field.
正 They will build a new sports field.
62 山坡上有一些羊。
誤 There are some sheeps on the hillside.
正 There are some sheep on the hillside.
63 請吃點水果。
誤 Please help yourself to some fruits .
正 Please help yourself to some fruit .
64 他父親在第一中學教數(shù)學。
誤 His father teaches maths at First Middle School .
誤 His father teaches maths at 1 Middle School .
正 His father teaches maths at the No.1 Middle School .
正 His father teaches maths at the Middle School No.1 .
正 His father teaches maths at the First Middle School .
65 他將在5月中旬回家。
誤 He will be back home in the centre of May.
正 He will be back home in the middle of May.
評 表示“時間上的‘中間’”,只能用middle,不可用centre。
66 請勿踏草地。
誤 Please keep off the grasses .
正 Please keep off the grass .
評 grass表示“草地,牧場”時,為不可數(shù)名詞。
67 她的眼鏡在桌子上。
誤 Her glass is on the table.
正 Her glasses are on the table.
評 表示“眼鏡”要用glasses, glass表示“玻璃”,a glass表示“一只玻璃杯”。
68 所有這些學生都取得了很大進步。
誤 All these students have made great progresses .
正 All these students have made great progress .
評 progress表示“進步,發(fā)展”時,為不可數(shù)名詞。
69 100美元買這本詞典太貴了。
誤 One hundred dollars are too dear for the dictionary.
正 One hundred dollars is too dear for the dictionary.
評 英語中,表示“數(shù)量,距離,金額,時間”等的復數(shù)名詞,通??醋饕粋€整體,作主語時謂語動詞要用單數(shù)。
70 這些士兵在那場戰(zhàn)斗中丟了命。
誤 These soldiers lost their life in the battle.
正 These soldiers lost their lives in the battle.
評 life (生命)的復數(shù)形式要用lives,表示多人的生命。
71 我通常在晚上讀點東西。
誤 I usually do some readings in the evening.
正 I usually do some reading in the evening.
評 有一些習慣說法,如:do some reading (讀點東西),do some shopping (買些東西),do the cooking (做飯)等,動名詞用單數(shù)形式。
72 她告訴他一條好消息。
誤 She told him a good news .
正 She told him a piece of good news .
評 news是不可數(shù)名詞,前面不可用a/an修飾,表示數(shù)量時,要用piece。
73 那個房間有雙層窗。
誤 That room has double window .
正 That room has double windows .
評 double后接復數(shù)名詞,而a double后接單數(shù)名詞。
74 她同莉莉交上了朋友。
誤 She made friend with Lily.
正 She made friends with Lily.
評 make friends with意為“與……交朋友,與……友好”,為習慣用法。
75 他們是德國人嗎?
誤 Are they Germen ?
正 Are they Germans ?
評 German(德國人)一詞雖以man結(jié)尾,但屬于規(guī)則變化,要加s變?yōu)閺蛿?shù)形式,比較不規(guī)則變化:Frenchman→Frenchmen, Englishman→Englishmen。
76 他身上沒有零錢。
誤 He has no changes on him.
正 He has no change on him.
評 change表示“零錢,找頭”時,為不可數(shù)名詞。
77 他的繪畫知識很豐富。
誤 He has a lot of knowledges of painting.
正 He has a lot of knowledge of painting.
評 knowledge意為“知識,學問,知道”,為不可數(shù)名詞,可用much, a lot of, little和a little修飾。
78 那不是我的鉛筆,那是我妹妹的。
誤 That isn't my pencil. That's my sister .
正 That isn't my pencil. That's my sister's .
評 “某人的”要用名詞所有格表示,應在名詞后加's。
79 這副手套是他的。
誤 This pair of gloves are his.
正 This pair of gloves is his.
評 “a/this/that pair of+復數(shù)名詞”作主語時,謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。
80 他房間的門是紅色的。
誤 His room's door is red.
正 The door of his room is red.
評 表示無生命的所屬關(guān)系,通常要用of所有格,不用名詞所有格。
81 他懂一點兒法語。
誤 He knows a bit French.
正 He knows a bit of French.
正 He knows a little French.
評 a bit表示“一點,少許”時,用作副詞,修飾形容詞或副詞。a bit of和a little可直接修飾名詞。
82 我喜歡綠色。
誤 I like green colour .
正 I like green .
評 green作名詞時表示“綠色”,不可再加colour。
83 這些是女襯衫。
誤 These are womens' shirts.
正 These are women's shirts.
評 不規(guī)則名詞women, men, policemen是復數(shù)形式,所有格要加's。
84 他們通常吃一頓豐盛的午餐。
誤 They usually have good lunch .
正 They usually have a good lunch .
評 三餐名詞breakfast,lunch和supper通常不加冠詞,但有形容詞修飾時,則要加不定冠詞a/an。