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雙語·流動(dòng)的盛宴 第十章 一個(gè)新流派的誕生

所屬教程:譯林版·流動(dòng)的盛宴

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2022年04月24日

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Birth of a New School

The blue-backed notebooks, the two pencils and the pencil sharpener (a pocket knife was too wasteful), the marble-topped tables, the smell of early morning, sweeping out and mopping, and luck were all you needed. For luck you carried a horse chestnut and a rabbit’s foot in your right pocket. The fur had been worn off the rabbit’s foot long ago and the bones and the sinews were polished by wear. The claws scratched in the lining of your pocket and you knew your luck was still there.

Some days it went so well that you could make the country so that you could walk into it through the timber to come out into the clearing and work up onto the high ground and see the hills beyond the arm of the lake. A pencil-lead might break off in the conical nose of the pencil sharpener and you would use the small blade of the pen knife to clear it or else sharpen the pencil carefully with the sharp blade and then slip your arm through the sweat-salted leather of your pack strap to lift the pack again, get the other arm through and feel the weight settle on your back and feel the pine needles under your moccasins as you started down for the lake.

Then you would hear someone say, “Hi, Hem. What are you trying to do? Write in a café?”

Your luck had run out and you shut the notebook. This was the worst thing that could happen. If you could keep your temper it would be better but I was not good at keeping mine then and said,“You rotten son of a bitch what are you doing in here off your filthy beat?”

“Don’t be insulting just because you want to act like an eccentric.”

“Take your dirty camping mouth out of here.”

“It’s a public café. I’ve just as much right here as you have.”

“Why don’t you go up to the Petite Chaumière where you belong?”

“Oh dear. Don’t be so tiresome.”

Now you could get out and hope it was an accidental visit and that the visitor had only come in by chance and there was not going to be an infestation. There were other good cafés to work in but they were a long walk away and this was my home café. It was bad to be driven out of the Closerie des Lilas. I had to make a stand or move. It was probably wiser to move but the anger started to come and I said, “Listen. A bitch like you has plenty of places to go. Why do you have to come here and louse a decent café?”

“I just came in to have a drink. What’s wrong with that?”

“At home they’d serve you and then break the glass.”

“Where’s home? It sounds like a charming place.”

He was sitting at the next table, a tall fat young man with spectacles. He had ordered a beer. I thought I would ignore him and see if I could write. So I ignored him and wrote two sentences.

“All I did was speak to you.”

I went on and wrote another sentence. It dies hard when it is really going and you are into it.

“I suppose you’ve gotten so great nobody can speak to you.”

I wrote another sentence that ended the paragraph and read it over. It was still all right and I wrote the first sentence of the next paragraph.

“You never think about anyone else or that they may have problems too.”

I had heard complaining all my life. I found I could go on writing and that it was no worse than other noises, certainly better than Ezra learning to play the bassoon.

“Suppose you wanted to be a writer and felt it in every part of your body and it just wouldn’t come.”

I went on writing and I was beginning to have luck now as well as the other thing.

“Suppose once it had come like an irresistible torrent and then it left you mute and silent.”

Better than mute and noisy, I thought, and went on writing. He was in full cry now and the unbelievable sentences were soothing as the noise of a plank being violated in the sawmill.

“We went to Greece,” I heard him say later. I had not heard him for some time except as noise. I was ahead now and I could leave it and go on tomorrow.

“You say you used it or you went there?”

“Don’t be vulgar,” he said. “Don’t you want me to tell you the rest?”

“No,” I said. I closed the notebook and put it in my pocket.

“Don’t you care how it came out?”

“No.”

“Don’t you care about life and the suffering of a fellow human being?”

“Not you.”

“You’re beastly.”

“Yes.”

“I thought you could help me, Hem.”

“I’d be glad to shoot you.”

“Would you?”

“No. There’s a law against it.”

“I’d do anything for you.”

“Would you?”

“Of course I would.”

“Then keep the hell away from this café. Start with that.” I stood up and the waiter came over and I paid.

“Can I walk down to the sawmill with you, Hem?”

“No.”

“Well I’ll see you some other time.”

“Not here.”

“That’s perfectly right,” he said. “I promised.”

“What are you writing?” I made a mistake and asked.

“I’m writing the best I can. Just as you do. But it’s so terribly difficult.”

“You shouldn’t write if you can’t write. What do you have to cry about it for? Go home. Get a job. Hang yourself. Only don’t talk about it. You could never write.”

“Why do you say that?”

“Did you ever hear yourself talk?”

“It’s writing I’m talking about.”

“Then shut up.”

“You’re just cruel,” he said. “Everybody always said you were cruel and heartless and conceited. I always defended you. But not any more.”

“Good.”

“How can you be so cruel to a fellow human being?”

“I don’t know,” I said. “Look, if you can’t write why don’t you learn to write criticism?”

“Do you think I should?”

“It would be fine,” I told him. “Then you can always write. You won’t ever have to worry about it not coming nor being mute and silent. People will read it and respect it.”

“Do you think I could be a good critic?”

“I don’t know how good. But you could be a critic. There will always be people who will help you and you can help your own people.”

“What do you mean my own people?”

“The ones you go around with.”

“Oh them. They have their critics.”

“You don’t have to criticize books,” I said. “There’s pictures, plays, ballet, the cinema—”

“You make it sound fascinating, Hem. Thank you so much. It’s so exciting. It’s creative too.”

“Creation’s probably overrated. After all, God made the world in only six days and rested on the seventh.”

“Of course there’s nothing to prevent me doing creative writing too.”

“Not a thing. Except you may set yourself impossibly high standards by your criticism.”

“They’ll be high. You can count on that.”

“I’m sure they will be.”

He was a critic already so I asked him if he would have a drink and he accepted.

“Hem,” he said, and I knew he was a critic now since, in conversation, they put your name at the beginning of a sentence rather than at the end, “I have to tell you I find your work just a little too stark.”

“Too bad,” I said.

“Hem it’s too stripped, too lean.”

“Bad luck.”

“Hem too stark, too stripped, too lean, too sinewy.”

I felt the rabbit’s foot in my pocket guiltily. “I’ll try to fatten it up a little.”

“Mind, I don’t want it obese.”

“Hal,” I said, practicing speaking like a critic, “I’ll avoid that as long as I can.”

“Glad we see eye to eye,” he said manfully.

“You’ll remember about not coming here when I’m working?”

“Naturally, Hem. Of course. I’ll have my own café now.”

“You’re very kind.”

“I try to be,” he said.

It would be interesting and instructive if the young man had turned out to be a famous critic but it did not turn out that way although I had high hopes for a while.

I did not think that he would come back the next day but I did not want to take chances and I decided to give the Closerie a day’s rest. So the next morning I woke early, boiled the rubber nipples and the bottles, made the formula, finished the bottling, gave Mr. Bumby a bottle and worked on the dining-room table before anyone but he, F. Puss the cat, and I were awake. The two of them were quiet and good company and I worked better than I had ever done. In those days you did not really need anything, not even the rabbit’s foot, but it was good to feel it in your pocket.

第十章 一個(gè)新流派的誕生

寫作時(shí),需要有以下的要素:幾本藍(lán)皮筆記簿、兩支鉛筆和一只卷筆刀(用袖珍折刀過于浪費(fèi))、大理石面的桌子、清晨的氣息、明窗凈幾和好的運(yùn)氣。若想有好的運(yùn)氣,你就在右邊口袋里放一顆七葉樹的堅(jiān)果和一只兔腳[1]。兔子腳上的毛早已被磨掉,露出的骨頭和肌腱被磨擦得亮亮的。兔子的爪子在你口袋的襯里上抓撓著,于是你知道你的運(yùn)氣還在。

有時(shí)候,你筆走龍蛇,寫得順風(fēng)順?biāo)?,描寫鄉(xiāng)村風(fēng)光,就好像自己身在其中——你穿過林地來到一個(gè)空曠處,然后爬上高坡,放眼觀望那湖灣后邊的群山。鉛筆的鉛芯可能會(huì)斷在卷筆刀的圓錐形口中,你得用削鉛筆的小刀把它清除出來,要不然用那小刀尖利的刀刃小心地把鉛筆削尖,然后再回到你描寫的情境中——你把一只胳膊塞進(jìn)背包上那汗水浸濕的皮帶環(huán)里,再次提起背包,將另一只胳膊也塞進(jìn)環(huán)里,這時(shí)背包的重量就壓在了你的背上。于是你下了土坡向湖邊走去,鞋子踩在松針上,軟軟的。

你正寫得入神,耳畔卻響起了一個(gè)人的說話聲:“嗨,海姆[2],你這是在搞什么?怎么在咖啡館里寫作?”

這一下,你的好運(yùn)氣頓時(shí)便會(huì)跑到爪哇國了。氣得我啪地合上了筆記簿。最糟的就是遇到這種事情。忍氣吞聲固然是仁者之風(fēng),但我卻咽不下這口氣,于是發(fā)作道:“你這個(gè)狗娘養(yǎng)的,為什么不待在狗窩里,跑到這里添什么亂?”

“別出口傷人。你明明就行為古怪嘛。”

“閉上你那滿口噴糞的臭嘴,快從這里滾出去!”

“咖啡館是給公眾開的,你能來,我也能來?!?/p>

“你為什么不到匹梯太咖啡館[3]去?那才是你應(yīng)該去的地方!”

“呦嘿,請別說這種刺耳的話好不好!”

這時(shí)你可以一走了之,希望這不過是一次意外的相遇,來者只是偶然進(jìn)來坐坐而已,并非故意要和你為難。此處不能待,可以到別的咖啡館里寫作嘛??墒?,到別的咖啡館要跑很遠(yuǎn)的路。丁香園咖啡館是我的家園,被人攆出去未免太丟面子。我面前有兩條路:要么堅(jiān)持不走,要么拍屁股走人。離開這里不失為上策,可是我心里的怒氣卻冒了出來,只聽我大喝一聲:“聽著,天下有的是咖啡館,你這種下賤的人都可以去。為什么偏偏跑到這兒來,糟蹋這么一家體面的咖啡館呢?”

“我只不過是想來喝一杯。這有什么不對(duì)的嗎?”

“在家鄉(xiāng),他們會(huì)給你端上一杯酒,然后把玻璃杯砸碎?!?/p>

“你說的家鄉(xiāng)在哪里?聽上去怪有意思的。”

來者坐在鄰桌,是個(gè)高高胖胖的年輕人,戴著眼鏡。他點(diǎn)了一杯啤酒。我決定不再理他,安下心來寫作。于是我不再說話,寫了兩行字。

“我沒別的意思,只是想跟你聊幾句罷了。”他說。

我埋頭寫作,又寫了一行字。此時(shí)我全身心投入,心無旁騖,達(dá)到了忘我的境界。

“我看你是大人物了,偉大得不得了,誰也不能跟你說話了。”

我又寫了一行字,給那個(gè)段落畫了句號(hào),將整個(gè)段落讀了一遍,覺得還不錯(cuò),于是另起一段,為新的段落寫下了第一句話。

“你心里從來就沒有別人,從不管別人是否遇到了問題?!?/p>

發(fā)牢騷,我這一輩子可沒少聽,影響不了我寫作,再不好也比別的噪音好,反正肯定比埃茲拉吹巴松管所產(chǎn)生的噪聲要好些。

“假如你全身的毛孔都在叫囂著你想成為一名作家,可就是筆頭滯澀,那該如何是好?”

我繼續(xù)揮筆疾書,此時(shí)不僅文思泉涌,而且好運(yùn)也接踵而至。

“假如你靈感從天而降,勢不可擋,后又突然消失,使得你一句話也寫不出來,成了個(gè)悶葫蘆,那該如何是好?”

我心想,再怎么也比瞎嘮叨制造噪聲好。我仍在手不停揮地寫作。而他話匣子已打開,話多得令人難以置信,但就像鋸木廠里鋸厚木板時(shí)發(fā)出的那種噪聲一樣,反而叫我情緒鎮(zhèn)定。

對(duì)于他的話,我一句也沒聽進(jìn)去,全當(dāng)成了噪聲。過了一會(huì)兒,只聽見他說:“我們?nèi)チ艘惶讼ED?!贝藭r(shí),我已提前完成了寫作任務(wù),可以就此擱筆,明天繼續(xù)寫。于是我接過話頭說:

“你說什么來著?你說你會(huì)講希臘語,還是到希臘去了一趟?”

“別那么討厭好不好!”他說,“想不想讓我細(xì)細(xì)講給你聽?”

“不用了?!蔽艺f著,合上了筆記簿,把它放進(jìn)口袋里。

“你不想聽聽這是怎樣一種情況嗎?”

“不想?!?/p>

“對(duì)于一個(gè)同行的生死和苦難,難道你一點(diǎn)都不關(guān)心嗎?”

“反正對(duì)你,我是不關(guān)心的?!?/p>

“你真可惡?!?/p>

“是的?!?/p>

“我原以為你能幫我一把呢,海姆?!?/p>

“我倒是很樂意一槍斃了你。”

“真的嗎?”

“當(dāng)然不是真的,因?yàn)槟鞘欠阜ǖ摹!?/p>

“我愿意為你做任何事情?!?/p>

“真的嗎?”

“當(dāng)然是真的?!?/p>

“那你給我離這家咖啡館遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)的。這是要你做的第一件事。”

我說完站了起來。侍者跑過來,我付了賬。

“可以陪你走到鋸木廠嗎,海姆?”

“不可以?!?/p>

“好吧,改天再見。”

“可不是在這兒。”

“非常好,就這樣吧?!彼f,“我答應(yīng)你。”

“你正在寫什么?”我一念之差,竟這么問道。

“我正在全力以赴地投入寫作當(dāng)中,就像你一樣??墒请y得要命?!?/p>

“如果寫不出,就不要寫了。何必要大張旗鼓搞什么寫作呢?不如回家去找份工作干。也可以找根繩子上吊。就是不要針對(duì)寫作高談闊論了。你就不是那塊料?!?/p>

“此話怎講?”

“你剛才說的是什么你都不知道嗎?”

“我說的是寫作呀。”

“勸你閉上你的嘴。”

“你可真殘忍?!彼f,“人人都說你殘忍、沒有心肝而且自高自大。我總是替你辯護(hù)??山窈笤僖膊贿@樣做啦?!?/p>

“很好?!?/p>

“對(duì)于一個(gè)同行,你怎么能這樣殘忍呢?”

“我也不知道。”我說,“聽著,要是你不會(huì)創(chuàng)作,為什么不學(xué)著寫評(píng)論呢?”

“你認(rèn)為我該寫評(píng)論嗎?”

“這會(huì)是一個(gè)很好的選擇?!蔽艺f,“那時(shí)你就總有東西寫,不用擔(dān)心有沒有靈感了,也不用擔(dān)心筆頭會(huì)不會(huì)滯澀了。人們會(huì)捧讀你的評(píng)論,尊重你的觀點(diǎn)?!?/p>

“你認(rèn)為我能成為一位優(yōu)秀的評(píng)論家嗎?”

“我不知道能有多優(yōu)秀,但有一點(diǎn)是肯定的——你能成為一位評(píng)論家。那時(shí),總會(huì)有人幫助你的,你也可以幫助你的同伴。”

“我的同伴?你指的是誰?”

“就是那些和你在一起混的人?!?/p>

“噢,他們呀。他們都有自己的評(píng)論家?!?/p>

“你不一定要評(píng)論書籍,”我說,“還有繪畫、劇本、芭蕾、電影什么的……”

“經(jīng)你這么一說,聽起來倒很吸引人,海姆。非常感謝你。太令人興奮啦。而且很有創(chuàng)造性?!?/p>

“說有創(chuàng)造性,可能言過其實(shí)了。就連上帝創(chuàng)造世界也只是六天的時(shí)間,到第七天便休息了。”

“任什么都一定無法阻止我寫出具有創(chuàng)造性的文章來?!?/p>

“是的。但是,你寫評(píng)論時(shí),得將標(biāo)準(zhǔn)定得非常高才行?!?/p>

“標(biāo)準(zhǔn)會(huì)很高的,這你放心?!?/p>

“我相信一定會(huì)這樣的?!?/p>

說著說著,他已經(jīng)成為評(píng)論家了。于是,我問他是不是愿意一起喝一杯。他接受了我的邀請。

“海姆呀,”他說(我意識(shí)到他已經(jīng)以評(píng)論家自居了,因?yàn)樵u(píng)論家說話時(shí)一般都是把你的名字放在句首,而非句末),“有一句話我得告訴你,你的作品有點(diǎn)太單薄了。”

“那可太糟了。”我說。

“海姆呀,你寫的東西太骨感、太簡略了?!?/p>

“這可倒血霉了?!?/p>

“海姆呀,那些東西太單薄、太骨感、太簡略、太剛硬了?!?/p>

我懷著負(fù)罪感摸著我口袋里的兔腳說:“我今后一定要寫得豐滿一點(diǎn)兒?!?/p>

“記住,也不能太臃腫?!?/p>

“哈爾,”我學(xué)著用評(píng)論家的那種腔調(diào)說,“我將盡我所能,避免再出現(xiàn)那樣的情況?!?/p>

“很高興你我的看法能達(dá)成一致?!彼磉_(dá)地說。

“那你能記住我在此處寫東西的時(shí)候,就不到這兒來了嗎?”

“自然啦,海姆??隙ú粫?huì)來了。我自有去處,到別的咖啡館就是了?!?/p>

“你真是個(gè)好心人?!?/p>

“盡力而為吧?!彼f。

如果這個(gè)年輕人最終能修成正果,成了著名的評(píng)論家,這段情節(jié)便很有趣了,也很有教育意義。可惜的是:盡管我對(duì)此抱有很高的希望,他卻未能修成正果。

次日,我覺得他不會(huì)再到丁香園咖啡館去了,但還是不愿冒這個(gè)險(xiǎn),于是決定給丁香園放一天假。早晨起床后,我把橡皮奶頭和奶瓶在水中煮開,配好奶粉的用量,裝好奶瓶,給了邦比先生[4]一瓶,便在餐廳的桌子上寫了起來。此時(shí),只有我和邦比以及小貓F(tuán)起了床,其他的人仍高臥未醒。我們幾個(gè)相安無事,我的工作效率比以往任何時(shí)候都高。其實(shí),你并不需要什么吉祥物保佑你,甚至連那只兔腳也不需要(雖然把它裝在口袋里摸一摸是挺好的),你照樣能逢兇化吉。

注釋:

[1] 按照西方民間的說法,有一顆七葉樹的堅(jiān)果和一只兔腳便可以逢兇化吉。

[2] 海明威的昵稱。

[3] 三教九流聚會(huì)的場所。

[4] 指海明威的兒子。

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