1)由wh-詞引導(dǎo)的名詞從句叫做名詞性wh-從句。Wh-詞包括who, whom,. whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。Wh-從句的語法功能除了和that-從句一樣外,還可充當(dāng)介詞賓語、賓語補(bǔ)語和間接賓語等,例如:
主語: How the book will sell depends on its author. 書銷售如何取決于作者本人。
直接賓語:In one's own home one can do what one likes. 在自己家里可以隨心所欲。
間接賓語:The club will give whoever wins a prize.
俱樂部將給得勝者設(shè)獎。
表語: My question is who will take over president of the Foundation. 我的問題是誰將接任該基金會主席職位。
賓語補(bǔ)足語:She will name him whatever she wants to. 她高興給他起什么名字就取什么名字。
同位語: I have no idea when he will return.
我不知道他什么時候回來。
形容詞賓語:I'm not sure why she refused their invitation. 我尚不能肯定她為什么拒絕他們的邀請。
介詞賓語: That depends on where we shall go.
那取決于我們?nèi)ツ膬骸?br />
2)Wh-從句作主語也常用先行詞it做形式主語,而將wh-從句置于句末,例如:
It is not yet decided who will do that job.
還沒決定誰做這項工作。
It remains unknown when they are going to get married. 他們何時結(jié)婚依然不明。