2022年12月06日 VOA慢速英語：連說英語的人都可能不知道的園藝詞匯

 

Do you garden in English or another language?
您用英語還是其他語言進(jìn)行園藝？
 
Associated Press writer Jessica Damiano spent 2022 writing about gardening. She wrote about how to prepare your plants and soil for the winter. She also gave advice on gardening in shady places, or areas without much direct sunlight. She gave guidance on issues as different as insect control and saving and storing seeds.
美聯(lián)社作家杰西卡·達(dá)米亞諾 (Jessica Damiano) 在 2022 年撰寫了有關(guān)園藝的文章。她寫了關(guān)于如何為冬天準(zhǔn)備植物和土壤的文章。她還就在陰涼處或沒有太多陽光直射的地方進(jìn)行園藝提供了建議。她就昆蟲控制、保存和儲(chǔ)存種子等不同問題提供了指導(dǎo)。
 
Most recently Damiano wrote about the language of gardening, providing meanings to some unusual words used in the field.
最近，達(dá)米亞諾寫了一篇關(guān)于園藝語言的文章，為該領(lǐng)域使用的一些不尋常的詞提供了含義。
 
For example, do you know what scarification is? Sounds like what happens when you see a ghost. But there are no ghosts in our gardens! Gardeners scarify seeds by making little cuts, or roughening, their hard outer covers. The act helps the seeds to germinate.
例如，你知道劃痕是什么嗎？聽起來就像你看到鬼時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生什么。但是我們的花園里沒有鬼！園丁通過在堅(jiān)硬的外殼上做小切口或弄粗糙來破壞種子。該行為有助于種子發(fā)芽。
 
When a seed germinates it begins to grow.
當(dāng)種子發(fā)芽時(shí)，它就開始生長。
 
Another technical gardening term that sounds mysterious, even to many native English speakers, is xeriscaping. It simply describes a way to garden with plants that do not need much water.
另一個(gè)聽起來很神秘的技術(shù)園藝術(shù)語是 xeriscaping，即使對(duì)于許多以英語為母語的人來說也是如此。它簡單地描述了一種不需要太多水就可以種植植物的方法。

Damiano's words are even more difficult for people who do not speak English as a first language. Some of the gardening words are more commonly used in other ways.
對(duì)于母語不是英語的人來說，Damiano 的話更加困難。一些園藝詞在其他方面更常用。
 
For example, how about the word broadcast? You might think of the word when you are watching a television program or listening to a report from Voice of America on the radio. However, in the gardening world, broadcast means to spread seeds over a large area instead of planting in single, straight lines.
例如，廣播這個(gè)詞怎么樣？當(dāng)您觀看電視節(jié)目或收聽美國之音電臺(tái)的報(bào)道時(shí)，您可能會(huì)想到這個(gè)詞。然而，在園藝界，播種意味著將種子播種到大面積區(qū)域，而不是單條直線種植。
 
Damiano also includes the word amendment in her list. If you are familiar with VOA stories about the United States Constitution, you may think you know the word amendment. An amendment is a change to the constitution. For example, the first amendment guarantees freedom of speech, religion and the press.
達(dá)米亞諾還在她的列表中包含了修正案這個(gè)詞。如果您熟悉美國之音關(guān)于美國憲法的報(bào)道，您可能認(rèn)為您知道修正案這個(gè)詞。修正案是對(duì)憲法的修改。例如，第一修正案保障言論、宗教和新聞自由。
 
 
But in gardening, the word amendment has to do with material added to soil as a way to make it more fertile. Compost or animal waste is a soil amendment.
但在園藝中，修正這個(gè)詞與添加到土壤中的物質(zhì)有關(guān)，以使其更肥沃。堆肥或動(dòng)物糞便是一種土壤改良劑。
 
Below, see Damiano's list of 35 "elusive" words all gardeners should know.
下面是 Damiano 列出的所有園丁都應(yīng)該知道的 35 個(gè)“難以捉摸”的詞。