長子長女更聰明更成功?

Eldest siblings tend to think they're the kings andqueens of the family. They were born first, so it onlymakes sense that they get the most attention andaffection, right?

家里的老大們傾向于認(rèn)為他們是家里的國王和王后。他們先出生，所以他們理所應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)玫阶疃嗟年P(guān)注和愛，對嗎?

Youngest and middle children would beg to differ,but it turns out science mostly supports the eldest'sbragging rights.

弟弟妹妹們并不同意，但其實大多數(shù)科學(xué)研究支持長子長女的這種“特權(quán)”。

Numerous studies have shown that birth order plays an important part in development. Howmuch influence it has is a point of contention among experts, but regardless, there issomething to be said about being the oldest one of the bunch.

許多研究都已經(jīng)顯示，出生順序在孩子的成長中起到重要作用，影響到底有多大一直是專家爭論的焦點，但是不論如何，關(guān)于家里的老大，還是有些得說道說道。

If you're an eldest sibling, take a look at the benefits of your birth order below.

如果你是家里的老大，看看下面列出的當(dāng)老大的好處。

1. Older siblings might be smarter.

1.老大更聰明。

Research suggests that eldest children have higher IQs on average than their younger siblings.In a 2007 study of 250,000 Norwegian young adults, firstborn men had an average IQ 2.3points higher than their younger brothers.

研究表明，長子比其弟弟妹妹平均智商更高。2007年一項針對25萬挪威年輕人的研究顯示，長子的智商比弟弟平均高出2.3分。

Researchers believe the difference is due to environment rather than genetics. Eldest childrenoften "teach" their younger siblings, which can help them to better retain information,according to the authors. Also, as a family grows, parents have less time to spend with eachchild.

研究者相信，這是出于環(huán)境原因而不是遺傳原因。根據(jù)作者所述，長子長女經(jīng)常教授他們的弟弟妹妹，這幫助他們更好地記住信息。并且，由于家庭成員增加，父母花在每個孩子身上的時間在變少。

"Every time you add a child, you're diluting the intellectual environment of everyone in thefamily," the researchers wrote in the study's conclusion.

"每添加一個孩子，就要稀釋每個孩子的知識環(huán)境，"研究者在總結(jié)中寫到。

2. They could be more responsible.

2. 他們更有責(zé)任感。

Forging the path for their fellow siblings means eldest children learn some serious responsibilityearly in life. According to Jeffrey Kluger, author of The Sibling Effect: What the Bonds AmongBrothers and Sisters Reveal About Us, eldest siblings tend to be the ones that focus the moston family loyalty and traditional achievement. As a result, they're often seen as moreobedient and responsible.

為自己的兄弟姐妹鋪路，這意味著長子長女要較早地學(xué)著承擔(dān)一些嚴(yán)肅的責(zé)任。《手足效應(yīng)：兄弟姐妹間的關(guān)系告訴了我們什么》的作者杰弗里•克魯杰表示，長子長女傾向于成為更加關(guān)注家庭忠誠和傳統(tǒng)成就的人。因此，他們看上去更加順從，有責(zé)任感。

3. They might be more successful.

3. 他們也許會更成功。

Not only do eldest children perform better in school, they also might be more successful in theprofessional world. According psychologist and New York University adjunct professor BenDattner, firstborns are achievement-oriented and eager to please their parents. Research alsosuggests they tend to dominate their younger siblings as an authority figure of sorts,making them acutely prepared to take on leadership roles in the professional world.

長子長女不僅會在學(xué)校表現(xiàn)得很好，他們也會在職場更加成功。根據(jù)紐約大學(xué)兼職教授、心理學(xué)家本•達(dá)特所述，長子長女以成就為導(dǎo)向，渴望取悅他們的父母。研究還表明，他們傾向于擺出權(quán)威姿態(tài)，"領(lǐng)導(dǎo)"自己的弟弟妹妹，這使他們在職場發(fā)揮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作用時已經(jīng)做出充分準(zhǔn)備。

Plus, their parents perceive them to be more accomplished. Go figure.

此外，他們的父母認(rèn)為他們應(yīng)該更有本事，想想看吧。

4. Eldest children follow the rules.

4. 長子遵循規(guī)則。

While middle children are thought to be the rebellious ones, oldest children are more likely tobe rule-followers and stick to the status quo.

年齡居中的孩子被認(rèn)為叛逆，而長子長女更可能遵守規(guī)則，并堅持現(xiàn)狀。

"Firstborns tend to be responsible, competitive and conventional, whereas laterborns have to'distinguish' themselves and create a specific niche by being playful, cooperative, andespecially, rebellious," Belgian psychologists Vassilis Saroglou and Laure Fiasse wrote in a 2003paper published in the journal Personality and Individual Differences.

"長子長女更有責(zé)任心，有競爭力，也比較傳統(tǒng)，而弟弟妹妹更愛玩鬧，更講合作，也更叛逆，與長子長女有所區(qū)別，凸顯特色"，比利時心理學(xué)家瓦西利斯和洛爾在2003年發(fā)表于期刊《個性與個體差異》的論文中寫到。

5. They may be more conscientious.

5.他們或許更加認(rèn)真。

In a 2015 study, firstborns were found to be slightly more conscientious, more agreeableand less neurotic than their younger siblings—characteristics that could help them in the longrun.

在2015年的一項研究中，人們發(fā)現(xiàn)長子長女比他們的弟弟妹妹略加認(rèn)真，更加和藹可親，且更不容易精神敏感——這樣的品質(zhì)能夠長期幫助他們。

A 2015 Australian study found that people who were more conscientious showed higheracademic performance. Conscientiousness has also been found to be a major key to success.

2015年澳大利亞的一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，更認(rèn)真的人成績更好，嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)自律的精神也被發(fā)現(xiàn)是成功的關(guān)鍵。

Revel in the glory, eldest siblings. It's hard to argue with science. But we're sure your momstill loves you all equally.

陶醉在榮光中，長子長女們。科學(xué)爭辯太復(fù)雜。但是，我們相信你們的媽媽對你們的愛都是平等的。