英國(guó)10歲和11歲兒童嚴(yán)重肥胖人數(shù)創(chuàng)歷史新高

英國(guó)10歲和11歲兒童嚴(yán)重肥胖人數(shù)創(chuàng)歷史新高

Severe obesity has hit an all-time high among children in England in their last year of primary school, a government report has found.

英國(guó)一份政府報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)，英國(guó)小學(xué)生在小學(xué)最后一年的嚴(yán)重肥胖人數(shù)創(chuàng)下歷史新高。

The report, released Thursday by the UK's National Health Service (NHS), examined more than a million 10 and 11-year-olds in state-maintained schools across England.

這份由英國(guó)國(guó)民健康服務(wù)體系(NHS)于本周四發(fā)布的報(bào)告，調(diào)查了全英格蘭就讀于公立學(xué)校的超過(guò)100萬(wàn)名10歲至11歲兒童。

It found that 20.2% of children measured were obese, including 4.4% who were severely obese -- that's more than 26,000 children.

調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，20.2%的兒童患有肥胖癥，其中有4.4%屬于重度肥胖癥，也就是26000多名兒童。

The NHS defines children's obesity by calculating their Body Mass Index (BMI), taking into account their sex and age. Children above the 95th percentile are considered "obese," while children above the 99.6th percentile are considered "severely obese."

英國(guó)國(guó)民健康服務(wù)體系(NHS)考慮了兒童的性別和年齡，通過(guò)計(jì)算他們的身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)來(lái)定義兒童肥胖。超過(guò)95%的兒童被認(rèn)為是“肥胖”，而超過(guò)99.6%的兒童被認(rèn)為是“嚴(yán)重肥胖”。

The findings come just a week after a report by the World Obesity Federation, which warned that there are 158 million obese children around the world.

就在一周前，世界肥胖聯(lián)合會(huì)發(fā)布了一份報(bào)告，警告稱全球有1.58億肥胖兒童。

According to the WOF, more than 250 million school-aged children and adolescents will be classed as obese by 2030, putting huge pressure on health care systems.

根據(jù)世界衛(wèi)生組織的數(shù)據(jù)，到2030年，將有超過(guò)2.5億學(xué)齡兒童和青少年肥胖，這將給衛(wèi)生保健系統(tǒng)帶來(lái)巨大的壓力。

In absolute terms, the US is expected to have 17 million obese children by 2030, the largest number after China and India, the report found.

報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)，按絕對(duì)值計(jì)算，到2030年，美國(guó)預(yù)計(jì)將有1700萬(wàn)肥胖兒童，這一數(shù)字僅次于中國(guó)和印度。

Children 'drowning in unhealthy food' options

兒童“沉溺于不健康食品”

The rate of severe obesity among children ages 10 and 11 in England marks a new record high -- and this is the fourth consecutive year the record has been broken. When the NHS first began the annual report in 2006, only 2.4% of children (numbering 10,300) in that age range were severely obese.

英國(guó)10歲和11歲兒童的嚴(yán)重肥胖率創(chuàng)下新高，這是連續(xù)第四年打破紀(jì)錄。2006年英國(guó)國(guó)民健康服務(wù)體系首次發(fā)布年度報(bào)告時(shí)，這個(gè)年齡段的兒童中只有2.4%(10300人)嚴(yán)重肥胖。

These findings were published on the same day that UK Chief Medical Officer Dame Sally Davies released a report urging action on solving childhood obesity. The report reiterated the government's aim of halving childhood obesity by 2030 -- a goal that "we are nowhere near achieving" in England, Davies wrote.

這些發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)表的同一天，英國(guó)首席醫(yī)療官莎莉·戴維斯爵士發(fā)表了一份報(bào)告，敦促采取行動(dòng)解決兒童肥胖問(wèn)題。戴維斯寫(xiě)道，該報(bào)告重申了政府的目標(biāo)，即到2030年將兒童肥胖人數(shù)減半——在英國(guó)，這一目標(biāo)“離實(shí)現(xiàn)還很遙遠(yuǎn)”。

"Today's children are drowning in a flood of unhealthy food and drink options, compounded by insufficient opportunities for being active," she said. There are 53,000 fast food outlets in England, with 62% of them within 400 meters (1,300 feet) of a primary school, according to the report.

她說(shuō):“如今的孩子們沉溺于大量不健康食品和飲料中，再加上缺乏鍛煉的機(jī)會(huì)。”報(bào)告稱，英國(guó)有5.3萬(wàn)家快餐連鎖店，其中62%在距離小學(xué)不到400米(1300英尺)的地方。

Obese or overweight children may experience a range of related health issues such as diabetes, asthma, depression, fatty liver disease and joint pain. Recent years have seen a rise in Type 2 diabetes among UK youth, believed to be caused by a rise in obesity.

肥胖或超重的兒童可能會(huì)經(jīng)歷一系列相關(guān)的健康問(wèn)題，如糖尿病、哮喘、抑郁癥、脂肪肝和關(guān)節(jié)痛。近年來(lái)，英國(guó)年輕人患2型糖尿病的人數(shù)有所上升，據(jù)信這是由肥胖人數(shù)上升引起的。

However, Davies added that biological and social factors, like health care and ethnicity, also significantly affect which children are most vulnerable to obesity. If the wealth gap continues to widen, as many as 33% of children in the most deprived areas could be obese by 2030, she said.

然而，戴維斯補(bǔ)充說(shuō)，生物和社會(huì)因素，如醫(yī)療保健和種族，也會(huì)顯著影響那些最容易肥胖的兒童。她說(shuō)，如果貧富差距繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大，到2030年，最貧困地區(qū)可能有多達(dá)33%的肥胖兒童。

This is in line with the NHS report, which found that there are twice as many obese children living in "deprived areas" than in more affluent areas. The difference in rate for severe obesity is even more extreme -- it's more than four times higher for children who live in the most deprived communities.

這與英國(guó)國(guó)民健康服務(wù)體系的報(bào)告一致，報(bào)告發(fā)現(xiàn)生活在“貧困地區(qū)”的肥胖兒童數(shù)量是生活在富裕地區(qū)的兩倍。嚴(yán)重肥胖率的差異甚至更為極端——生活在最貧困社區(qū)的兒童肥胖率高出4倍以上。