高考英語如何減少表達(dá)錯(cuò)誤
高考英語大多以客觀題為主,僅書面表達(dá)和閱卷老師接觸最為親密。閱卷老師喜歡什么樣的英語作文,按什么規(guī)則給分,這是眾多考生最為關(guān)注的問題。今天,我就以一個(gè)閱卷老師的身份,把這些秘密告訴給你。
高考英語書面表達(dá)的評(píng)分基本原則就是以要點(diǎn)給分,以要點(diǎn)語言錯(cuò)誤扣分。所以,抓住要點(diǎn),減少要點(diǎn)語言錯(cuò)誤無疑是高考英語得高分的重要謀略。筆者在2006年四川高考閱卷的過程中,發(fā)現(xiàn)書面表達(dá)的主要問題集中在:(1)審題不準(zhǔn)、漏掉要點(diǎn)。把不該寫的如“武侯祠”、“樂山大佛”等寫上去了,而漏掉了“交通”、“氣候”等要點(diǎn)。(2)句型、時(shí)態(tài)等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)不牢。不少人只能寫出一些相應(yīng)的單詞,寫不出完整、正確的句子。(3)單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤多。如考生原文中,把traffic,example,water等常用詞寫錯(cuò)。為此,下面我們僅以四川卷為例,對(duì)考生作文加以點(diǎn)評(píng)。并根據(jù)評(píng)分細(xì)則,提出應(yīng)對(duì)措施,希望給你高考應(yīng)試提供幫助。
一、高考原題再現(xiàn)
(四川卷)書面表達(dá)(滿分25分)
假如你是李華,你的新西蘭筆友Nick將于八月來四川旅游,特來信詢問有關(guān)旅游景點(diǎn)情況。試根據(jù)下面所提供的要點(diǎn),寫一封回信,并表示盼望他的到來。
注意:1、詞數(shù)100左右,信的格式及開頭已為你寫好(不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))。
2、可根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。
3、參考詞匯:省份province;海子lake; 都江堰水利工程Dujiangyan Irrigation Project
我們從題目要求可看出該文要點(diǎn)有五個(gè):(1)、許多世界著名的風(fēng)景名勝;(2)、九寨溝美麗,海子清澈見底,色彩斑斕;(3)、都江堰水利工程有兩千多年歷史,仍在發(fā)揮作用;(4)、氣候適宜,交通方便;(5)、盼望到來。
二、考生高考書面表達(dá)原文分析:
(一)、Now, I’d like to tell you some wonderful seesiqhts in Sichuan. In fact, there are lots of places of interest which are well-known to the world.
For example, Jiuzhaigou is such a beautiful place that a great number of people pay a visit to it every year. The lake there is clean enough to see the bottom of it and it is very colorful as well. Besides, the Dujiangyan Irriqation Project also attracts so many visitors with a history of more than 2000 years. It’s still taking up its job.
Further more the weather in Sichuan is just Ok and it’s covenient for you to travel too. I’m looking forward to your coming.
Best wishes!
點(diǎn)評(píng):該文五個(gè)要點(diǎn)齊全,語言基本無誤,而且還使用了In fact, there are lots of places of interest which are well-known to the world. The lake there is clean enough to see the bottom of it and it is very colorful as well等一些非常出彩的句子。整篇文章連貫、流暢,表達(dá)清楚。該作文給分范圍22—23分。(注:劃橫線處為語言錯(cuò)誤。)
(二)、In your letter you asked me about that the place of the traveling views. I will tell you about it correctly at once. There are many beautiful sights, many of them are great in the world. Including nine-Zhaigou, the lake is a good place where you should travel in Sicluan provice. The lake is clearly you could see, and the color is very beautiful.
On the other hand , the Dujiangyan Irrigation Projeec is great . It has about two thousand history and It also has very importand at once.
The weather is very right and the triffice is very easy. You could do it rightly.
I am looking forward to your coming.
點(diǎn)評(píng):該文五個(gè)要點(diǎn)基本齊全,但語言錯(cuò)誤較多(多達(dá)10多個(gè)),按評(píng)分細(xì)則,10個(gè)左右錯(cuò)誤,取其降檔后的低線給分,該文給分范圍15—17分。(注:劃橫線處為語言錯(cuò)誤。)
(三)、Sichuan is a beautiful provice, It has many famous place. For exsampor, Jiu ZhaiGou he has the lake , it very beautiful,you will looking the fish in the woter, it has many colours ,So the Jiou ZhaiGou is very beautiful.
The the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project you must visit, because it have 2000 years old. Now the people have it. The end I will tell you Sichuan has many rod and the sky is very well.
I think you get to Sichuan very puickly. I want to see you.
點(diǎn)評(píng):根據(jù)要點(diǎn)認(rèn)定原則“(1)考生須用比較完整的句子表達(dá)出要點(diǎn)。如只寫出關(guān)鍵詞而無主謂結(jié)構(gòu),可視為未表達(dá)出該要點(diǎn)。(2)在表達(dá)要點(diǎn)的句子中,如果考生寫出主謂結(jié)構(gòu)及關(guān)鍵信息,但主謂結(jié)構(gòu)有嚴(yán)重語言錯(cuò)誤(如語態(tài),連動(dòng)詞或只寫出情態(tài)動(dòng)詞而無主詞),可視為表達(dá)出半個(gè)要點(diǎn)。”該文多數(shù)表達(dá)要點(diǎn)的句子主謂結(jié)構(gòu)有嚴(yán)重語言錯(cuò)誤,只能認(rèn)定為半個(gè)要點(diǎn)。該作文給分范圍9—11分。(注:劃橫線處為語言錯(cuò)誤。)
三、寫作中的注意事項(xiàng)
1、用通俗的常規(guī)的句子表達(dá),不要為了追求“出彩”而使用一些生僻的、自己又沒完全掌握的表達(dá)方式而出錯(cuò)。如第一篇作文里的“The lake there is clean enough to see the bottom of it and it is very colorful as well. ”如果改為The lake is so clean that we can see the bottom of it and it is very colorful as well.所謂“出彩”的句子不外乎是從句,如狀語從句、定語從句等。
2、表達(dá)要全面、連貫,不要漏掉要點(diǎn),要讓人讀起來通順流暢。
