動詞不定式、動名詞用法要點講解 動詞不定式、動名詞用法要點講解

　　(1)時態(tài)

　?、僖话闶剑簞用~的一般式所表示的動作可以是泛指，也可與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生，或發(fā)生在謂語動作之前 、之后。如：

　　We are interested in collecting stamps.

　　I shall never forget seeing the Great Wall for the firsttime.

　　We are not afraid of dying.

　　②完成式所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前。如：

　　Lmagine having travelled on the moon.

　　We were praised for having finished the work ahead of time.

　　(2)被動語態(tài)

　　①如果動名詞的邏輯主語為動名詞所表示的動作的承受者，動名詞要用被動語態(tài)，動名詞的被動語態(tài)有一 般式與完成式之分。如：

　　The young man came in without being noticed.

　　He prided himself on having never been beaten in class.

　?、谟行﹦釉~后的動名詞用主動形式，但表示被動意義。如：

　　The bike needs repairing.

　　If a thing is worth doing, it is worth doing well.

　?、丛诳谡Z中，為避免重復，常用"to"代替不定式結構，有時甚至可以把to省略。如：

　　①—Did you go to visit the Great Wall?

　　—No,I wanted to,but there wasn't enough time.

　?、?mdash;Would you like to come to a party?

　　—I'd love to.

　?、?mdash;Don't make any mistakes in your homework,will you?

　　—I'll try not to.

　?、?mdash;Try to be back by 12,won't you?

　　—OK,I'll try.

　　另外，be going to,ought to,used to等也常用于這一結構中。

　?、翟趙hy引起的問句中，省略"to"。如：

　　Why spend such a lot of money?

　　Why not wait for a couple of days?

　　⒍當兩個或更多作用相同的不定式并列使用時，只在第一個不定式前加"to"。如：

　　It's quite necessary for us to read more and have morepractice.

　　⒎"to"在下列短語中是“介詞”，后接動名詞或名詞形式。如：

　　devote…to,face up to(勇敢地面對)，look forward to(盼望)，object to(反對)，take to(養(yǎng) 成習慣，對……感興趣;開始從