英格蘭國(guó)教新規(guī)允許女性擔(dān)任主教

Major Gain For Women In Church Of England

英格蘭國(guó)教新規(guī)允許女性擔(dān)任主教

LONDON — The Church of England overturned centuries of tradition on Monday with a final vote allowing women to become bishops, with the first appointments possible by Christmas.

倫敦——英格蘭國(guó)教會(huì)(Church of England)周一通過(guò)最終投票，推翻了一個(gè)有著幾百年歷史的傳統(tǒng)，允許女性擔(dān)任主教。首批女主教的任命可能會(huì)在圣誕節(jié)前。

Approval of the historic change, which was first agreed to in July, was announced after a largely symbolic show of hands at the General Synod, the lawmaking body of the Church of England. The British Parliament supported the measure last month.

英格蘭國(guó)教會(huì)的立法機(jī)構(gòu)總議會(huì)(General Synod)在進(jìn)行了很大程度上是象征性的舉手表決后，宣布通過(guò)了這一具有歷史意義的變革。這項(xiàng)變革是在7月達(dá)成一致的。上月，英國(guó)議會(huì)對(duì)這一舉措表示支持。

“Today we can begin to embrace a new way of being the church and moving forward together,” the archbishop of Canterbury, the Most Rev. Justin Welby, said after the vote.

“今天，我們將迎來(lái)一種新的教會(huì)模式，并攜手前行，”坎特伯雷大主教賈斯汀·韋爾比(Justin Welby)在投票結(jié)束后說(shuō)。

Two decades after the first female priest was ordained, the issue of women taking senior roles in the church hierarchy remains divisive. As recently as 2012, the proposal had been defeated by six votes.

在首位女性被任命為牧師20年后，女性在教會(huì)層級(jí)中擔(dān)任高級(jí)職務(wù)這個(gè)問(wèn)題，依然存在分歧。就在2012年，這一提議還因反對(duì)方多出六票而未能通過(guò)。

But Archbishop Welby, the spiritual leader of the church and the global Anglican Communion, who supported the vote from the start, had warned fellow church leaders this year that the public would find the exclusion of women “almost incomprehensible.”

英格蘭國(guó)教會(huì)和全球圣公宗(Anglican Communion)的精神領(lǐng)袖韋爾比大主教從一開(kāi)始就支持該提議。他今年告誡教會(huì)的其他領(lǐng)袖，民眾會(huì)認(rèn)為將女性排除在外“幾乎無(wú)法理解”。

On Monday, however, he acknowledged that a split in the worldwide Anglican community was now a serious possibility. “Without prayer and repentance, it is hard to see how we can avoid some serious fractures,” he said.

然而，韋爾比大主教周一承認(rèn)，全球圣公宗現(xiàn)在很有可能會(huì)發(fā)生分裂。“如果不祈禱和悔過(guò)，很難看清我們?nèi)绾尾拍鼙苊庖恍﹪?yán)重的分裂，”他說(shuō)。

The change involves the addition of a sentence to Canon 33, stating: “A man or a woman may be consecrated to the office of bishop.”

這一改變將讓第33條教規(guī)新增一句話(huà)，注明：“男女皆可被任命為主教。”

Half a dozen British dioceses may soon appoint new bishops, including Oxford, Gloucester and Newcastle. Southwell and Nottingham are reportedly already considering applications from women, with a first appointment might be made before the year’s end. Last month, the church floated the idea that affirmative action could be used to ordain underrepresented female bishops.

包括牛津、格洛斯特和紐卡斯?fàn)栐趦?nèi)的六個(gè)主教教區(qū)可能很快就會(huì)任命新主教。據(jù)報(bào)道，紹斯韋爾和諾丁漢已在考慮來(lái)自女性的申請(qǐng)。首位女主教的任命或許會(huì)在年底之前進(jìn)行。上月，教會(huì)提出了一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，即可以采取積極行動(dòng)，任命未被充分代表的女性為主教。

One faction within the Church of England that opposes women as bishops is a conservative evangelical group called Reform. Arguing that “the divine order of male headship” makes it “inappropriate” for women to lead dioceses, Reform claims that at least a quarter of the church will find this incompatible with their beliefs.

英格蘭國(guó)教會(huì)內(nèi)部反對(duì)女性擔(dān)任主教的派別之一，是一個(gè)保守的福音派團(tuán)體，被稱(chēng)作改革宗(Reform)。該團(tuán)體稱(chēng)，“男性占領(lǐng)導(dǎo)地位的神圣旨意”決定了女性“不宜”領(lǐng)導(dǎo)主教教區(qū)，并表示至少四分之一的教眾會(huì)覺(jué)得此舉有違他們的信仰。

But Monday’s vote was welcomed by longstanding campaigners like the Very Rev. Jane Hedges, the first female dean of Norwich, who called it “very exciting and good news for the church and our mission to the world.” Dean Hedges said she had not expected to see this change in her professional life.

但周一的投票，得到了教長(zhǎng)簡(jiǎn)·赫奇斯(Jane Hedges)等長(zhǎng)期活動(dòng)人士的歡迎。作為諾威奇的首任女教長(zhǎng)，赫奇斯稱(chēng)此事“對(duì)教會(huì)和我們向全世界布道來(lái)說(shuō)，都是非常激動(dòng)人心的好消息”。赫奇斯教長(zhǎng)稱(chēng)沒(méi)想到會(huì)在職業(yè)生涯期間目睹這一變化。

Archbishop Welby predicted after Monday’s vote that half the Church of England’s bishops could be women within a decade, which would mean that about 50 dioceses could be led by women.

韋爾比大主教在周一的投票后預(yù)測(cè)，十年之內(nèi)，英格蘭國(guó)教會(huì)一半的主教職務(wù)將由女性擔(dān)任，也就是說(shuō)，可能會(huì)有大約50個(gè)主教教區(qū)由女性領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。