雅思閱讀分類詞匯--生物/生理

molecule 分子à molecular

cell à cellular

amino à amino acids (氨基酸)

protein 蛋白質(zhì)

enzyme 酶(proteins that are produced by cells and act as catalysts in specific biochemical reactions)

catalyst 催化劑

chlorophyll 葉綠素“chloro-”: Cl

photosynthesis 光合作用 (photo + synthesis)à photosynthetic

botany 植物學(xué) (<> zoology)à botanist, botanical

flora 植物群

fauna 動物群

bacterium bacteria (pl.) 細(xì)菌

fungus fungi (pl.) 真菌

algae alga (pl.) 海藻

herb à herbal: ~ teaà herbicide (^ insecticide, pesticide)

carnation 康乃馨à reincarnation

fade 凋謝，褪色

organism 機體，組織ß organ

arthropod 節(jié)肢動物v.s. anthropoid (↓)

reptile 爬行動物

amphibian 兩棲動物

mammal 哺乳動物 (ß mamma!)

primate 靈長目動物

evolution 進(jìn)化 (ß evolve)

anthropoid 類人猿 (“anthrop”: humankind)~ anthropology, philanthropyv.s. ape, gorilla, chimpanzee

gene 基因^ DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)~ genome (基因組)

genetics 遺傳學(xué) (à genetical)

helix 螺旋，螺旋壯物… analyze every single gene within the double helix of humanity’s DNA

identical 同一的~ identity (à ID card)^ clone

mutation 突變 gene mutationà mutable, immutable, mutant

predator 捕食者 (<> prey)

embryo 胚胎à embryonic (萌芽的)

roe 魚子>>> caviar (魚子醬)

tadpole 蝌蚪>>> frog, toad (^ told)

caterpillar 毛毛蟲 (cater + pillar)The American Company: Caterpillar (CAT)

grasshopper 蚱蜢，蝗蟲 (= locust)grass + hopper, ^ bellhop

cricket 蟋蟀 (另)板球

butterfly v.s. moth^ dragonfly, firefly

pollen 花粉 傳粉à pollinate, pollination

hive 蜂房>>> honey, ^ concoction

larva larvae (pl.) 幼蟲v.s. lava

pupa 蛹à pupate

penguin 企鵝v.s. dolphin (海豚)

raccoon 浣熊v.s. kangaroo (袋鼠)

hibernate 冬眠 (=hole up)

torpid 麻木的，蟄伏的v.s. torpedo (魚雷)

cerebral (大)腦的

hemisphere 半球 (hemi + sphere)

cortex 腦皮層

migraine 偏頭疼ß migrant

somatic 軀體的

limb 四肢upper/lower limb

anatomy 解剖，剖析

paralyze 使癱瘓 (=incapacitate, immobilize)

artery 動脈 (<> vein)

gland 腺體

pancreas 胰

hormone 荷爾蒙，激素

cholesterol 膽固醇

efficacy 功效v.s. efficiency, effectiveness