雅思詞匯日日學(xué):咖啡的學(xué)問(wèn)

雅思考試當(dāng)中詞匯量的要求至少要在5000左右，如果雅思要考7分，詞匯量要到8000以上，這樣一來(lái)，雅思詞匯的積累工作更需要有分類有計(jì)劃的進(jìn)行。下面是聽(tīng)力課堂小編整理的雅思詞匯日日學(xué):咖啡的學(xué)問(wèn)的資料，希望對(duì)你的雅思備考之行有所幫助。

　　1.Espresso意式濃縮咖啡

　　濃縮咖啡(Espresso)或意式濃縮咖啡，是一種口感強(qiáng)烈的咖啡類型，方法是以極熱但非沸騰的熱水，借由高壓沖過(guò)研磨成很細(xì)的咖啡粉末來(lái)沖出咖啡。它發(fā)明及發(fā)展于意大利，年代始于20世紀(jì)初，但直到1940年代中期以前，它是種單獨(dú)透過(guò)蒸氣壓力制作出的飲品。在發(fā)明彈簧瓣杠桿(spring piston lever)咖啡機(jī)，并成功商業(yè)化，將濃縮咖啡轉(zhuǎn)型成為今日所知的飲品。制作過(guò)程用到的壓力常為9到10個(gè)大氣壓力或巴的壓力。

　　Espresso is a concentrated beverage brewed by forcing a small amount of nearly boiling water under pressure through finely ground coffee beans. Espresso often has a thicker consistency than coffee brewed by other methods, a higher concentration of suspended and dissolved solids, and crema(meaning cream, but being a reference to the foam with a creamy texture that forms as a result of the pressure). As a result of the pressurized brewing process the flavours and chemicals in a typical cup of coffee are very concentrated. Espresso is the base for other drinks, such as a latte,cappuccino, macchiato, mocha, or americano. Espresso has more caffeine per unit volume than most beverages, but the usual serving size is smaller—a typical 60 mL (2 US fluid ounce) of espresso has 80 to 150 mg of caffeine, less than the 95 to 200 mg of a standard 240 mL (8 US fluid ounces) cup of drip-brewed coffee.

　　2.cappuccino：卡布奇諾

　　20世紀(jì)初期，意大利人阿奇布夏發(fā)明蒸汽壓力咖啡機(jī)的同時(shí)，也發(fā)展出了卡布奇諾咖啡?？ú计嬷Z是一種加入以同量的意大利特濃咖啡和蒸汽泡沫牛奶相混合的意大利咖啡。此時(shí)咖啡的顏色，就像卡布奇諾教會(huì)的修士在深褐色的外衣上覆上一條頭巾一樣，咖啡因此得名。傳統(tǒng)的卡布奇諾咖啡是三分之一濃縮咖啡，三分之一蒸汽牛奶和三分之一泡沫牛奶。

　　Cappuccino is an Italian coffee drink traditionally prepared with espresso, hot milk, and steamed-milk foam. The name comes from the Capuchin friars, referring to the colour of their habits.

　　A cappuccino is a coffee drink topped with foamed milk. It is made in a steam-producing espresso machine.Espresso is poured into the bottom third of the cup, followed by a similar amount of hot milk. The top third of the drink consists of milk foam; this foam can be decorated with artistic drawings made with the same milk, called latte art. The drinker may sprinkle shaved chocolate, raw sugar, cinnamon, or other spices onto the top of the finished drink, or have chocolate melted into the coffee before the milk is added. Cappuccinos are served with a teaspoon and then consumed.

　　In a traditional cappuccino, as served in Europe and artisan coffee houses in the United States, the total of espresso and milk/foam make up between approximately 150–180 mL (5–6 imp fl oz; 5–6 US fl oz). Commercial coffee chains in the US more often serve the cappuccino as a 360 mL (13 imp fl oz; 12 US fl oz) drink or larger.

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