好萊塢為何青睞中國(guó)女明星？

2011到2012年，好萊塢頻頻向中國(guó)女星拋出橄欖枝，中國(guó)女星在好萊塢的作品數(shù)量和角色分量上升，她們的“西游”態(tài)勢(shì)越來(lái)越好。是什么讓她們這樣熱門(mén)?她們“西游”的出路又在何方呢?

In recent years, Hollywood has frequently sent invitations to Chinese female movie stars which increased their work and roles in Hollywood and gave them a better opportunity for development. What makes them so popular in Hollywood? Where is their way out to the west?

四部外國(guó)大片“親華”

Chinese movie stars joined the cast of four foreign blockbusters

7月28日，好萊塢科幻史詩(shī)巨制《云圖》在全球同步首發(fā)了5分40秒的預(yù)告片，中國(guó)女星周迅亮相其中。據(jù)周迅工作室介紹，她在《云圖》中飾演3個(gè)角色：一個(gè)男人、一個(gè)女人和一個(gè)克隆人，全部是顛覆性的造型。預(yù)告片的發(fā)布，備受中國(guó)影迷關(guān)注。

The trailer of "Cloud Atlas," a science fiction movie directed by Lana Wachowski, was released worldwide on July 28, and Zhou Xun, a Chinese female movie star was seen in it. Zhou Xun's representatives disclosed that she portrayed three roles in the movie, all of which have a subversive appearance. The release of the trailer attracted numerous Chinese movie fans。

近年來(lái)美國(guó)大片“親華”并不始于《云圖》。早在去年初，許晴就確定加盟好萊塢科幻巨制《環(huán)形使者》，在片中她飾演超級(jí)巨星布魯斯-威利斯所飾男主角的妻子，戲份吃重。

"Cloud Atlas" was not the first Hollywood movie to feature Chinese movie stars. As early as the beginning of 2011, Xu Qing, another Chinese female star, was invited to join the "Looper" cast, a Hollywood science fiction movie, where she portrayed the wife of the protagonist played by superstar Bruce Willis.

接著，余男表示將出演好萊塢大片《敢死隊(duì)2》，并發(fā)布了部分劇照。

Soon after, another Chinese female star Yu Nan said that she was invited to join the cast of "The Expendables 2" where some on-set photos were released.

同年10月，李冰冰的微博上發(fā)出了幾張?jiān)诩幽么笈臄z的劇照，其工作室也證實(shí)李冰冰正在拍攝好萊塢大片《生化危機(jī)5》。在劇中，李冰冰飾演的美亞混血女王，與米拉-喬沃維奇攜手對(duì)抗僵尸與“病毒”，戲份頗重。

In October 2011, Chinese female star Li Bingbing uploaded several on-set photos from Canada and her agent also confirmed that Li is currently shooting "Resident Evil: Retribution." In the movie, Li was cast as character Ada Wong and will fight zombies alongside Milla Jovovich.

今年6月，好萊塢制片公司BLISS MEDIA發(fā)布的《日月人魚(yú)》主要陣容中，范冰冰的名字赫然在目。

In June 2012, Chinese female star Fan Bingbing's name also appeared in the cast of "The Moon and the Sun" released by Bliss Media, a production company in Hollywood.

本土市場(chǎng)為女星撐腰

Hollywood eyes huge Chinese market

中國(guó)女星為何獲得好萊塢青睞?不少業(yè)內(nèi)人士將原因歸結(jié)為中國(guó)本土市場(chǎng)近年來(lái)的高速發(fā)展。

Why does Hollywood favor Chinese actresses? Many industry insiders attributed it to the rapid development of the Chinese film market in recent years.

著名影評(píng)人余荽在時(shí)光網(wǎng)撰文認(rèn)為，到2011年，中國(guó)電影票房已突破百億元人民幣，中國(guó)已成為北美之后的第二大電影市場(chǎng)。好萊塢嗅著票房的味道來(lái)到了中國(guó)?！逗萌R塢啟示錄》作者周黎明表示：“中國(guó)電影市場(chǎng)今年飛速發(fā)展，《阿凡達(dá)》、《變形金剛》等影片的票房高居世界第二，精明的好萊塢商人不會(huì)視而不見(jiàn)。”

Famous movie critic Yu Sui wrote on domestic online movie database mtime.com that China's box-office revenue exceeded 10 billion yuan in 2011, making the country the world's second largest film market only after North America and thus attracting Hollywood producers to China. "The Chinese film market is developing rapidly. Shrewd businesspeople in Hollywood will certainly not ignore the world's second largest contributor to the box-office takings of 'Avatar,' 'Transformers,' and many other movies," said Zhou Liming, the author of Hollywood Politics and Economics.

中國(guó)票房高，市場(chǎng)好，好萊塢自然要在中國(guó)市場(chǎng)上博取最大的關(guān)注度，加入中國(guó)女明星便成為樂(lè)見(jiàn)其成的“買(mǎi)賣(mài)”。用周黎明的話來(lái)說(shuō)，“增加一個(gè)華人角色，就更容易進(jìn)入中國(guó)市場(chǎng)”。中南財(cái)經(jīng)政法大學(xué)(微博)新聞與文化傳播學(xué)院副院長(zhǎng)吳玉蘭教授則從經(jīng)濟(jì)角度解讀了這一現(xiàn)象：“面對(duì)全球化縱深發(fā)展的好萊塢，就如同在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化背景下的美國(guó)企業(yè)。美國(guó)很多大型企業(yè)都不能忽視中國(guó)小型企業(yè)，好萊塢也必然不能忽視中國(guó)演員。”

Hollywood is willing to add Chinese actresses to its cast in order to attract the attention of Chinese movie-goers. "Adding a Chinese actor will make it easier for a movie to be accepted by the Chinese market," Zhou said. "In the era of globalization, Hollywood cannot ignore Chinese actors just as major U.S. companies cannot ignore small Chinese companies," said Prof. Wu Yulan, deputy dean of the School of Journalism and Mass Media under the Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, explaining the phenomenon from an economic perspective.

好萊塢為什么只看見(jiàn)中國(guó)花旦卻看不見(jiàn)中國(guó)小生呢?業(yè)內(nèi)人士稱，畢竟在好萊塢，電影仍然是男性的世界。著名影評(píng)人郎啟波就說(shuō)過(guò)，“好萊塢大片撐戲的仍舊是全球知名的男演員，女演員最多作為陪襯或錦上添花而存在。”這也決定了好萊塢商業(yè)電影外來(lái)合作上一條不成文的規(guī)則：歡迎外國(guó)女星“打醬油”，而想出名的國(guó)內(nèi)花旦自然不介意“到好萊塢打醬油”一次?？梢?jiàn)，中國(guó)女星的“西游記”，是好萊塢看上了中國(guó)市場(chǎng)的結(jié)果，也是美國(guó)大片與中國(guó)女星雙贏的經(jīng)營(yíng)模式。

Why do most Hollywood movies choose Chinese actresses over Chinese actors? Industry insiders attributed it to the male dominance in Hollywood. "Hollywood movies mainly rely on world-renowned male actors, while actresses only serve as a foil or icing on the cake," said another famous movie critic Lang Qibo. Therefore, letting foreign actresses play only small parts has become an unspoken rule in Hollywood. Aspiring Chinese actresses certainly do not mind "playing only small parts in Hollywood movies." Such a cooperation model will bring mutual benefits to both Chinese actresses and Hollywood that wants to explore the huge Chinese market.

做好“花瓶”取“真經(jīng)”

Learning from Hollywood stars

郎啟波曾在接受采訪時(shí)表示，中國(guó)女星要先做“花瓶”再做棟梁。在他看來(lái)，中國(guó)女星加盟好萊塢實(shí)際上是西方電影的滲透式經(jīng)營(yíng)，他把這種經(jīng)營(yíng)類比于 NBA的營(yíng)銷。NBA招來(lái)中國(guó)球員占據(jù)中國(guó)市場(chǎng)，好萊塢加入中國(guó)女星賺取巨額利潤(rùn)。這其中，NBA和好萊塢都是最大贏家，但換位思考，NBA與好萊塢也為中國(guó)培養(yǎng)了頂尖球員和國(guó)際演員。在這種形勢(shì)下，郎啟波將“先做花瓶，再做棟梁”歸結(jié)為中國(guó)女星的出路。當(dāng)然，郎啟波也認(rèn)為“打醬油”不是女星最終出路，改變配角式合作才是根本。姚明能成為球隊(duì)核心打入全明星賽并時(shí)常為國(guó)爭(zhēng)光，女星們也一樣可以。

Lang said in an interview that Chinese actresses should first settle for being just eye candy, and then make steady efforts to be an international star. In his eyes, Chinese actresses' joining Hollywood is analogous to Chinese basketball players' joining the National Basketball Association (NBA). The huge Chinese market is a determining factor for the NBA's and Hollywood's welcome attitude toward Chinese players and actresses respectively. The NBA and Hollywood have benefited the most, but have also trained top players and world-class actresses for China during the process. Under such circumstances, Lang considers "first being eye candy and then international star" as a practical way out for domestic actresses. However, Lang also said that domestic actresses should not always "play only small parts," but should try hard to change the minor role-based cooperation model. Just as Yao Ming can become the core of a NBA team and make it to the All-Star Game, domestic actresses can break the unspoken rule too.

而在吳玉蘭眼中，“西游”的中國(guó)女星想成功就須在好萊塢取到“真經(jīng)”——學(xué)習(xí)好萊塢明星的專業(yè)態(tài)度。她認(rèn)為以往中國(guó)女星沒(méi)能在好萊塢真正立足并為中國(guó)電影帶來(lái)“進(jìn)口”經(jīng)驗(yàn)，源于中美的文化差異，這種差異明顯地體現(xiàn)在明星的專業(yè)態(tài)度上。她說(shuō)：“《碟中諜4》中湯姆-克魯斯親自只身攀爬迪拜第一高塔，創(chuàng)造了影史上的經(jīng)典鏡頭，并為影片帶來(lái)了好口碑和高票房。相比之下，中國(guó)明星國(guó)內(nèi)拍戲卻屢用替身。好萊塢明星的這種專業(yè)態(tài)度才是中國(guó)明星最應(yīng)該吸取的 ‘真經(jīng)’。”

Wu said that Chinese actresses who look forward to a successful career should learn from the professionalism and dedication of Hollywood stars. She attributed Chinese actresses' previous failures to gain a firm foothold in Hollywood to China-U.S. cultural differences, or more specifically, the professionalism gap between Chinese and American actors. "In Mission Impossible 4, Tom Cruise climbed the world's tallest building in Dubai himself, creating yet another classic movie scene and building good word of mouth and commercial success. By contrast, Chinese movie stars frequently use stand-ins. They should really learn from the professionalism and dedication of Hollywood stars," Wu said.

如果周迅、李冰冰等女星真把“花瓶”的作用發(fā)揮到極致，也以最專業(yè)的態(tài)度對(duì)待每一場(chǎng)戲，是不是也能在好萊塢火上一把，并且改變配角式的合作模式呢?中國(guó)影迷都拭目以待。

If Zhou Xun, Li Bingbing, and other Chinese actresses can maximize the role of eye candy, and treat every scene in the most professional manner, it is not impossible for them to change the minor role-based cooperation model and achieve great fame in Hollywood.