全球關(guān)注的“兩會”熱點話題
隨著“兩會”接近尾聲，海外專家學(xué)者對這兩個中國年度盛會持續(xù)保持濃厚興趣。
The third session of the 12th National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the country's top political advisory body, concludes Friday in Beijing, while the third session of the 12th National People's Congress (NPC), the national legislature, will end on Sunday.
全國政協(xié)十二屆三次會議周五在京閉幕，而十二屆全國人大三次會議則會在兩天后的周日閉幕。
Among different items on the agenda of the two sessions, the economic model of "new normal", along with deeper reforms in various sectors, has become a focus of world attention.
在“兩會”進行的各項議程中，經(jīng)濟“新常態(tài)”模式以及各領(lǐng)域的深化改革，成為世界關(guān)注的焦點。
NEW MODEL OF SLOWER BUT HIGHER-QUALITY GROWTH
新模式：速度降，質(zhì)量增
Hans Hendrischke, an economics professor at University of Sydney, said the "new normal", a phrase to describe China's current economic situation, "includes the successful rebalancing of the Chinese economy toward a consumer and service economy."
悉尼大學(xué)經(jīng)濟學(xué)教授漢斯•亨德里施克認為，“新常態(tài)”用以描述中國當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟“包括了中國經(jīng)濟成功的再平衡戰(zhàn)略，目的是轉(zhuǎn)型為以消費驅(qū)動和服務(wù)業(yè)帶動的經(jīng)濟”。
He added that the "new normal", characterized by slower but higher-quality growth, also includes an acute sense of the risks of the middle income trap facing China's industrial structure.
他接著補充道，中國產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)面臨中等收入陷阱的危機，決策層敏銳地洞察到這一點，“新常態(tài)”的特點是增速減緩但增長質(zhì)量更高。
"The new normal is a stronger service orientation and high-end manufacturing in areas where China will have to create its own markets by extending its domestic economies of scale, for example in infrastructure and transport, into global markets," Hendrischke said.
他說：“‘新常態(tài)’更注重以服務(wù)業(yè)為導(dǎo)向和高端制造業(yè)，在這些領(lǐng)域，中國需要將基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和交通等國內(nèi)規(guī)模經(jīng)濟擴展至國際市場，來打造屬于自己的市場空間。”
On the new growth theory, U.S. experts also agree it suggests that China is determined to pursue economic transition and make further progress on its reform agenda.
對于這個新的增長理論，美國專家也表示認同，他們認為這表明中國決心實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟轉(zhuǎn)型，從而在其改革宏圖上再進一步。
"China is in the middle of an extremely difficult, but necessary transition to a different growth model based on greater reliance for growth on domestic consumption, faster service sector development, and greater reliance on domestic innovation," said Pieter P. Bottelier, a senior adjunct professor of China studies at the School of Advanced International Studies of the Johns Hopkins University.
約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)高級國際研究學(xué)院中國問題高級客座教授皮耶特·鮑泰利認為“中國正處于極度艱難但又非常必要的轉(zhuǎn)型階段，這個轉(zhuǎn)型更大程度上基于擴大內(nèi)需、服務(wù)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展以及國內(nèi)創(chuàng)新。”
"That transition is currently in full swing and will probably take several years," he added.
他說：“現(xiàn)在中國經(jīng)濟的轉(zhuǎn)型已全力推進，很可能持續(xù)好幾年。”
Scott Kennedy, deputy director of the Freeman Chair in China Studies at the Center for Strategic and International Studies, shared similar views, saying the Chinese government is moving ahead on reforms in many areas, including state-owned enterprises, the fiscal system, interest rates and foreign economic relations.
美國戰(zhàn)略與國際研究中心費和中國研究部副主任斯科特•肯尼迪也持相同觀點，他認為中國在諸多領(lǐng)域都在推進改革，包括國企、財政、利率以及對外經(jīng)濟聯(lián)系。
"The different components fit well together, and the specific policies in each area are part of a larger whole. This indicates how serious the leadership is about economic reform," he said.
他指出，“各領(lǐng)域的改革很好地相互關(guān)聯(lián)促進，每一個領(lǐng)域的具體政策都成為更大頂層設(shè)計的一部分。由此可以看出中國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層對于經(jīng)濟改革是極為看重的。”
Stephen Perry, a seasoned British entrepreneur and China watcher, said the world's second largest economy has carried out a set of interlinked reforms to upgrade its economic model to the "new normal", which values sustainability and social justice.
作為一名歷練多年的英國企業(yè)家兼中國通，斯蒂芬?佩里表示，世界第二大經(jīng)濟體已經(jīng)進行了一整套相互關(guān)聯(lián)的改革，從而將其經(jīng)濟模式升級為“新常態(tài)”，新模式更注重可持續(xù)性和社會公正。
"I think 'new normal' is a sound analysis of the move from low cost exports to a managed market economy with global dimensions," said Perry, chairman of the British 48 Group Club, an independent business network committed to promoting links between Britain and China.
他說：“我認為‘新常態(tài)’是從低成本出口轉(zhuǎn)向全球化視野下的可調(diào)控的市場經(jīng)濟。”佩里是英國獨立商務(wù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)48家集體俱樂部的主席，該組織一直致力于促進中英兩國的交流。
"There is a big set of interlinked policy initiatives which have been implemented and are working to create the basis for a new China which values sustainability, reasonable growth, care of the environment and a reasonable shared living standard and welfare state to assure the vulnerable," he said.
他進一步指出，“中國設(shè)計了一整套宏大的相互關(guān)聯(lián)的積極政策，得以全面實施，為塑造一個全新的中國創(chuàng)造了堅實的基礎(chǔ)，這個國家會更注重可持續(xù)發(fā)展、適度規(guī)模的增長、環(huán)保，共同的生活水準以及弱勢群體的利益保證。”
"HOT SPOT" FOR INVESTMENT
投資“熱點”
In the view of Kamel Mellahi, a professor at Britain's Warwick Business School, China will remain a global economic powerhouse and hot destination for investors although the country was moving away from the miraculous double-digit growth of over three decades.
卡梅爾·梅拉伊是一名華威商學(xué)院教授，在他看來，中國雖然不再續(xù)寫過去三十多年年均兩位數(shù)的增長神話，但仍然是全球經(jīng)濟增長的主要推手和投資的熱點國家。
The changing process will have far-reaching implications throughout the world as the country is expected to focus on a balanced, high quality and sustainable economic growth in an orderly and well-thought-out manner, he said.
他認為，中國在經(jīng)濟的轉(zhuǎn)型過程中會關(guān)注更平衡、更高質(zhì)量和更具持續(xù)性的增長，并且有條不紊、考慮周詳?shù)剡M行，這也將會對世界產(chǎn)生深遠的影響。
Mellahi, whose research mainly focuses on strategic management, said that although downward pressures on China's economic growth are a "near consensus", it is able to remain around 7 percent at least through 2015.
梅氏主要的研究領(lǐng)域是戰(zhàn)略管理，他指出，中國經(jīng)濟增長存在下行壓力“已漸成共識”，但至少在2015年仍能保持7%左右的增長率。
In regard to the "new normal" strategy, he said it makes perfect sense to him as the past double-digit economic growth is no longer attainable.
對于“新常態(tài)”戰(zhàn)略，他表示，過往兩位數(shù)的增長既然不可能再現(xiàn)，他覺得“新常態(tài)”完全講得通。
China's transition is going to be painful for other countries and multinationals that still depend on China's labor-intensive industries for their exports, he noted.
他同時指出，別的國家或者經(jīng)濟體出口上仍然依賴中國的勞動密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)，因此中國的轉(zhuǎn)型對他們而言也會是一個痛苦的過程。
However, the professor stressed, the strong inflow of foreign direct investment earlier this year shows that China is still a hot spot for investors who are interested in the emerging market.
但這位教授也強調(diào)，今年年初外國直接投資的涌入依然表明，對那些關(guān)注新興市場的投資者而言，中國依然是個大熱門。
He voiced his belief that the Chinese government has enough policies and measures, including further cuts in interest rates, increase of government spending, and further monetary easing, to help banks make loans and stop the economy from decelerating significantly over the next year.
他表示，中國政府有足夠多的政策與措施，包括降低利率、增加政府開支、貨幣寬松等，幫助銀行放貸，能阻止來年經(jīng)濟明顯放緩。
China should achieve a steady but still healthy level of economic growth that will "further entrench the current drive for the rule of law, deepen the reforms, and strengthen the structural foundations for a balanced and sustainable economic model," Mellahi said.
梅拉伊建議中國應(yīng)當(dāng)保持一個穩(wěn)定而健康的經(jīng)濟增長水平，那將“進一步鞏固當(dāng)前推動依法治國的力量，進一步深化改革，讓一個平衡和可持續(xù)經(jīng)濟模式的結(jié)構(gòu)性基礎(chǔ)得到強化。”
Echoing Mellahi's view, Lord Sassoon, chairman of China-Britain Business Council, said China's "new normal" can bring opportunities for British business.
作為對梅拉伊觀點的響應(yīng)，英中貿(mào)易協(xié)會主席沙遜勛爵說中國的“新常態(tài)”將會為英國企業(yè)帶來機遇。
He called on British companies to look beyond the slowdown of China's economic growth, saying China is undergoing a period of further transformation.
他呼吁英國企業(yè)不要只看到中國經(jīng)濟增速的放緩的表面，指出中國只是正處于經(jīng)濟深化轉(zhuǎn)型時期。
"Companies need to understand how demand patterns are changing and look at this vast continental market as a series of very different opportunities," he said.
他建議:“企業(yè)需要搞清楚中國需求類型的改變，看到這個巨大的大陸市場有著一系列的各種不用的機遇。”
