伊朗核談：各方輸贏(yíng)

The history books will show that both sides got their fair share of wins and both made major concessions.

歷史將會(huì)見(jiàn)證，此次核談判雙方均有所斬獲，也做了重要讓步。

WINS FOR THE WORLD POWERS:

世界各國(guó)所得：

Dismantling

廢除

Most importantly for the United States, Iran has agreed to dismantle most of its nuclear program, guaranteeing they would not be able to make a bomb for at least one year, over the course of 10 years.

對(duì)美國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō)最重要的收獲，伊朗同意廢除大部分核計(jì)劃，確保在未來(lái)10年當(dāng)中，伊朗沒(méi)有能力在一年內(nèi)制造出核彈。

Centrifuges

離心機(jī)

Iran’s 19,000 installed centrifuges will have to be cut to no more than 6,104 for the next 10 years. The 13,000 decommissioned centrifuges will be sent to monitored storage by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).

伊朗目前已安裝的1.9萬(wàn)臺(tái)離心機(jī)將被縮減至6104臺(tái)以下。1.3萬(wàn)臺(tái)拆解的離心機(jī)將被移送至由國(guó)際原子能機(jī)構(gòu)監(jiān)控的存放地點(diǎn)。

Stockpile

儲(chǔ)備

Iran has also agreed to reduce its stockpile of enriched uranium (the material needed to make a bomb) by 98 percent and agreed to halt further enrichment. That material would either be diluted or sold.

伊朗還同意將濃縮鈾(制造核彈的材料)的儲(chǔ)備減少98%，并中止鈾濃縮項(xiàng)目。削減的濃縮鈾將被稀釋或者出售。

Arak

阿拉克

The heavy water nuclear reactor in Arak will be redesigned, preventing Iran from producing weapons grade plutonium there. Iran will ship the spent fuel from Arak and over the next 15 years Iran will not build any new heavy water reactors.

位于阿拉克的重水核子反應(yīng)爐將被重新設(shè)計(jì)，以防止伊朗生產(chǎn)武器級(jí)別的钚。伊朗將運(yùn)走阿拉克基地內(nèi)的燃料，在未來(lái)15年內(nèi)都不會(huì)再建造任何新的重水反應(yīng)堆。

Fordow

福爾道

Iran will convert its deeply buried Fordow nuclear facility into a nuclear, physics and technology center.

伊朗會(huì)將福爾道深埋的核設(shè)施改造成核物理技術(shù)中心。

Snap Back

迅速恢復(fù)

If Iran breaks its commitments, all sanctions could be quickly snapped back into place, according to the terms of the agreement.

談判協(xié)議規(guī)定，如果伊朗不履行承諾，所有的制裁將迅速恢復(fù)。

WINS FOR IRAN:

伊朗所得：

Sanctions

制裁

Iran is most pleased with the impending relief of economic sanctions. Once it has been verified that Iran has committed to dismantling its centrifuges and diluting or selling its stockpile of enriched uranium, all economic sanctions will be lifted, effectively releasing over $100 billion in frozen Iranian assets. Economic relief was the driving incentive for Iran.

伊朗最歡欣鼓舞的就是即將解除的經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁。一旦確認(rèn)伊朗拆除了離心機(jī)，稀釋或出售了濃縮鈾儲(chǔ)備，所有經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁將被解除，超過(guò)1000億美元的伊朗資產(chǎn)將被解凍。經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁解除是伊朗的主要?jiǎng)恿Α?/p>

Inspections of Military Sites

視察軍事基地

Most observers are likely to interpret the inspection, as it applies specifically to military sites, as a victory for Iran. UN inspectors can demand access to nuclear facilities on Iran military sites, but they aren’t immediate or even guaranteed. Any inspections at those sites would need to be approved by a joint commission composed of one member from each of the negotiating parties. The process for approving those inspections could take as many as 24 days, which critics will claim is enough time for Iran to cover up any non-compliance.

大多數(shù)觀(guān)察員都可能把這種視察看做伊朗的勝利，這里的視察是專(zhuān)門(mén)針對(duì)軍事基地而言的。聯(lián)合國(guó)的視察人員可以要求進(jìn)入伊朗軍事基地的核設(shè)施，但是不能立即得到準(zhǔn)許，也不能保證得到準(zhǔn)許。視察這些基地的要求需得到談判雙方共同組成的聯(lián)合委員會(huì)的批準(zhǔn)。整個(gè)審批流程最長(zhǎng)可持續(xù)24天，批評(píng)人士認(rèn)為在這期間，伊朗完全有時(shí)間隱藏任何違規(guī)行為。

Arms Embargo

武器禁運(yùn)

The final win for Iran is the gradual lifting of an international arms embargo. The accord states that Iran will be permitted to buy and sell conventional arms on the international market in five years; and in eight years they’ll be able to do the same with ballistic missiles. The embargo was a major sticking point throughout the talks, with Iran demanding it be lifted.

伊朗的最后一個(gè)所得就是逐漸解除的國(guó)際武器禁運(yùn)令。協(xié)議規(guī)定，5年后，伊朗可以在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上購(gòu)買(mǎi)和出售傳統(tǒng)類(lèi)別的武器;8年后，可以購(gòu)買(mǎi)和出售彈道導(dǎo)彈。武器禁運(yùn)令是此次談判中最為膠著的一個(gè)議題，伊朗一直要求解除此禁令。

Research and Development

研發(fā)

Iran gets to continue to conduct research and development related to its nuclear program. There will be certain limitations, but essentially they will be allowed research enrichment activities, as long as it is for peaceful purposes.

伊朗可以繼續(xù)核項(xiàng)目研發(fā)。他們的研發(fā)活動(dòng)會(huì)有些限制，不過(guò)，只要是為了和平的目的，他們可以開(kāi)展?jié)饪s研究活動(dòng)。

Vocabulary

dismantle: 廢除，解除

centrifuge: 離心機(jī)

enriched uranium: 濃縮鈾

plutonium: 钚