可再生能源成全球發(fā)電裝機(jī)容量比較大來源

About 500,000 solar panels were installed daily last year as a record-shattering surge in green energy saw renewables overtake coal as the world’s biggest source of power capacity.

去年，全球每天安裝約50萬(wàn)塊太陽(yáng)能電池板——本輪創(chuàng)紀(jì)錄的綠色能源熱潮使可再生能源超越煤炭，成為全球發(fā)電裝機(jī)容量最大來源。

Two wind turbines went up every hour in countries such as China, according to International Energy Agency officials who have sharply upgraded their forecasts of how fast renewable energy sources will grow.

已大幅上調(diào)可再生能源增速預(yù)測(cè)的國(guó)際能源署(IEA)官員表示，在中國(guó)等國(guó)，每小時(shí)就有兩臺(tái)風(fēng)力發(fā)電機(jī)安裝到位。

“We are witnessing a transformation of global power markets led by renewables,” said Fatih Birol, executive director of the global energy advisory agency.

這家全球能源顧問機(jī)構(gòu)的執(zhí)行主任法提赫•比羅爾(Fatih Birol)說：“我們正在見證一場(chǎng)由可再生能源引領(lǐng)的全球電力市場(chǎng)變革。”

Part of the growth was caused by falls in the cost of solar and onshore wind power that Mr Birol said would have been “unthinkable” only five years ago.

當(dāng)前增長(zhǎng)的部分原因是太陽(yáng)能和陸上風(fēng)力發(fā)電成本下降，比羅爾稱，這在短短五年前還是“難以想象的”。

Although coal and other fossil fuels remain the largest source of electricity generation, many conventional power utilities and energy groups have been confounded by the speed at which renewables have grown and the rapid drop in costs for the technologies.

雖然煤炭及其他化石燃料仍貢獻(xiàn)最大的發(fā)電量，但許多傳統(tǒng)供電企業(yè)和能源集團(tuán)對(duì)可再生能源的增長(zhǎng)速度及其成本的快速下降感到措手不及。

Average global generation costs for new onshore wind farms fell by an estimated 30 per cent between 2010 and 2015 while those for big solar panel plants fell by an even steeper two-thirds, an IEA report published yesterday showed.

國(guó)際能源署昨日發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告顯示，2010至2015年間，新建陸上風(fēng)電場(chǎng)的全球平均發(fā)電成本下降了約30%，而大型太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電場(chǎng)的成本降幅甚至更大，達(dá)到三分之二。

The Paris-based agency thinks costs are likely to fall further over the next five years, by 15 per cent on average for wind and by a quarter for solar power.

總部位于巴黎的該機(jī)構(gòu)認(rèn)為，未來五年，可再生能源的發(fā)電成本很可能進(jìn)一步下降：風(fēng)力發(fā)電平均下降15%，太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電下降25%。

It said an unprecedented 153 gigawatts of green electricity was installed last year, mostly wind and solar projects — more than Canada’s total capacity.

該機(jī)構(gòu)稱，去年綠色電力新增裝機(jī)容量(主要是風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能項(xiàng)目)達(dá)到了空前的1530億瓦特，比加拿大的總裝機(jī)容量還高。

It was also more than the amount of conventional fossil fuel or nuclear power added in 2015, leading renewables to surpass coal’s cumulative share of global power capacity — though not electricity generation.

該數(shù)字還超過了2015年化石燃料或核能的新增裝機(jī)容量，使可再生能源超過了煤炭在全球裝機(jī)容量(盡管不是發(fā)電量)中的累計(jì)占比。

A power plant’s capacity is the maximum amount of electricity it can potentially produce. The amount of energy a plant actually generates varies according to how long it produces power over a period of time. Because a wind or solar farm cannot generate constantly like coal, it will produce less energy over the course of a year even though it may have the same or higher level of capacity.

電廠的裝機(jī)容量是其能夠產(chǎn)出的最大數(shù)量的電能。電廠的實(shí)際發(fā)電量根據(jù)其在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)電時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短而變化。由于風(fēng)力或太陽(yáng)能發(fā)電場(chǎng)無(wú)法像煤炭那樣不間斷地產(chǎn)生電力，因此，雖然它們可能擁有與煤炭相同或更高的裝機(jī)容量，但在一年內(nèi)的發(fā)電量還是少于煤炭。

Coal plants supplied close to 39 per cent of the world’s power in 2015, while renewables, including older hydropower dams, accounted for 23 per cent.

2015年，燃煤電廠提供了全球近39%的電力，而可再生能源(包括歷史較久的水電)占23%。

But the IEA expects renewables’ share to rise to 28 per cent by 2021, when it predicts they will supply the equivalent of all the electricity generated now in the US and EU combined.

但國(guó)際能源署預(yù)計(jì)，到2021年，可再生能源的占比將上升至28%，屆時(shí)將提供相當(dāng)于現(xiàn)在美國(guó)和歐盟總發(fā)電量的電力。

It revised five-year forecasts to show renewables’ capacity growing 13 per cent more than estimates made just last year, mostly due to strong policy backing in the US, China, India and Mexico.

該機(jī)構(gòu)修正了其五年期預(yù)測(cè)——可再生能源裝機(jī)容量增長(zhǎng)比去年的估算高出13%，這主要?dú)w功于美國(guó)、中國(guó)、印度以及墨西哥強(qiáng)有力的政策支持。