英國10年來首次加息將緩慢產(chǎn)生影響

The first interest rate rise in over a decade will be a novelty for households and businesses, but it is likely to take some time before many borrowers notice the difference.

英國逾10年來首次加息對(duì)家庭和企業(yè)來說都是件新鮮事，但在眾多借款人注意到區(qū)別前，可能還需要一段時(shí)間。

Changes in borrowing patterns mean that many consumers and companies will be less immediately exposed to higher rates than they were in the past.

借款模式的變化意味著，比起以往，許多消費(fèi)者和公司將不會(huì)那么立刻暴露于更高的利率。

By increasing its benchmark rate on Thursday by a quarter of a percentage point to 0.5 per cent, the Bank of England’s objective is to suppress inflation, which is running above its 2 per cent target.

周四將基準(zhǔn)利率上調(diào)四分之一點(diǎn)至0.5%意味著，英國央行(Bank of England)想要抑制已超出其2%目標(biāo)的通脹率。

The central bank’s Monetary Policy Committee signalled that at least two further quarter of a percentage point rate rises would be needed over the next two years.

英國央行貨幣政策委員會(huì)(Monetary Policy Committee)發(fā)出信號(hào)表明，未來兩年至少還需要兩次加息，每次上調(diào)四分之一點(diǎn)。

Raising rates affects the economy, and therefore inflation, through many different channels: for example, it can cause sterling to appreciate. But the most direct impact on households and businesses comes through the effect on loans and savings.

加息會(huì)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)造成影響，進(jìn)而通過許多不同渠道影響通脹：例如，它會(huì)導(dǎo)致英鎊升值。但對(duì)家庭和企業(yè)來說，最直接的沖擊力是貸款和儲(chǔ)蓄受到的影響。

Frances O’Grady, TUC general secretary, responded to the MPC announcement by warning: “This is the last thing hard-pressed families need.”

針對(duì)貨幣政策委員會(huì)的聲明，英國工會(huì)聯(lián)合會(huì)(TUC)秘書長弗朗西絲•歐格蕾迪(Frances O’Grady)警告稱：“這是重重壓力下的家庭最不需要的事情。”

But the BoE analysis in its new inflation report suggests that there are several reasons to think that the rate rise will be felt less quickly than was the case in the past. “This is a modest adjustment in interest rates,” said Mark Carney, BoE governor.

但英國央行在其新的通脹報(bào)告中指出，有幾個(gè)理由認(rèn)為，利率上升產(chǎn)生影響的速度會(huì)比過去更慢。“這是一次適度的利率調(diào)整，”英國央行行長馬克•卡尼(Mark Carney)表示。