世界首個“太空國家”舉行元首就職典禮
圖片來源：Asgardia
Asgardia, a proposed “space nation,” inaugurated its first head of state Monday during a ceremony at the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, Austria, which was attended by diplomats, researchers, engineers and legal experts from around the world.
“太空國家”阿斯加迪亞6月25日在奧地利維也納霍夫堡宮舉行首位國家元首就職典禮，來自世界各地的外交官、研究人員、工程師和法律專家參加了儀式。
The new head of nation, Igor Ashurbeyli—a Russian scientist, billionaire and philanthropist—took an oath of office during an event with no shortage of pomp and circumstance. He went on to unveil ambitious goals for the first space nation: notably, to have permanently inhabited space stations in low Earth orbit and stationary settlements on the Moon within the next 25 years.
新元首伊戈爾•阿舒爾貝利是俄羅斯科學(xué)家、富豪和慈善家，他在盛大而隆重的儀式上宣誓就職。他還宣布了首個太空國家的宏偉目標(biāo)：25年內(nèi)要在地球近地軌道建立永久有人居住的太空站，在月球上建成固定定居點。
"We have established all branches of a nation," Ashurbeyli said in a speech at the ceremony. "I can declare that Asgardia has been born."
阿舒爾貝利在就職典禮上發(fā)表演講說：“我們已經(jīng)成立了一國應(yīng)有的各類機構(gòu)。我宣布阿斯加迪亞正式成立。”
Asgardia—named after Asgard, a sky city in Norse mythology which was said to house the gods—was founded by Ashurbeyli and several prominent space experts in October 2016. The aim of the project is to “create a free independent nation outside of planet Earth” with “equal access to space for all people regardless of the country of origin, nationality, location, age, gender, sex, race, etc.”
阿斯加迪亞這個名字源自挪威神話中的天空之城阿斯加德，據(jù)說那里是眾神的聚居地。該項目由阿舒爾貝利和幾位著名航空專家于2016年10月籌建。項目宗旨就是“在地球之外創(chuàng)建一個自由獨立的國家，不論國籍、民族、地理位置、年齡、性別、性特征、種族等因素，人們都能進(jìn)入其中”。
Currently, the international Outer Space Treaty requires governments to authorize and supervise all space activities, including those of commercial and non-profit organizations. The founders of Asgardia hope to avoid the tight restrictions that this system imposes.
目前，國際《外層空間條約》規(guī)定由各國政府授權(quán)并監(jiān)督所有外層空間活動，包括商業(yè)和非營利組織的活動。阿斯加迪亞的締造者希望避開這套制度的嚴(yán)格規(guī)定。
“Access to outer space should be a human right, beyond the control of any Earthly nation,” Ashurbeyli, who is also head of the UNESCO Commission on Space Science, said in a statement.
身為聯(lián)合國教科文組織空間科學(xué)委員會主席的阿舒爾貝利在聲明中說：“進(jìn)入外太空應(yīng)當(dāng)成為一項人權(quán)，不受地球上任何國家的控制。”
“We believe that the creation of a new legal platform for the exploration of near-Earth and deep space is crucial to keep pace with humanity’s rapid technological and scientific expansion off-planet.”
他說：“我們認(rèn)為，為了跟上人類向星外空間的快速科技擴張，創(chuàng)建新的法律平臺用于探索近地和外層空間至關(guān)重要。”
圖片來源：Asgardia
Aside from the long-term objective of setting up habitable platforms in space, Asgardia has a number of other goals. These include ensuring the peaceful use of space and preventing future space wars; protecting the Earth from space hazards, such as large asteroids; and creating a platform for scientific research.
除了設(shè)立可居住的外層空間平臺這一長期目標(biāo)，阿斯加迪亞還有大量其他目標(biāo)，包括：確保和平使用外層空間，防止未來發(fā)生太空戰(zhàn)爭;保護(hù)地球免遭太空災(zāi)難，如來自大型小行星的威脅;創(chuàng)建科研平臺。
Ultimately, Asgardia hopes to apply to the United Nations as a fully fledged nation-state. It has already made its first foray into space with the launch of the Asgardia-1 satellite in December 2017, which it regards as sovereign territory.
最終，阿斯加迪亞希望向聯(lián)合國申請，注冊成為一個全面發(fā)展的國家。2017年12月，它已發(fā)射“阿斯加迪亞-1”號衛(wèi)星，首次正式進(jìn)入自視為主權(quán)領(lǐng)土的外層空間。
Some legal experts have questioned the validity of this claim because Asgardia has not yet been recognized as an independent state. Nevertheless, since its establishment, Asgardia has adopted a constitution, flag and national anthem, and is also developing a bank and its own cryptocurrency system, called SOLAR.
一些法律專家質(zhì)疑其合法性，因為阿斯加迪亞尚未被承認(rèn)為獨立國家?？墒?，自創(chuàng)建以來，阿斯加迪亞已通過了憲法、國旗和國歌，而且正在創(chuàng)辦銀行及其加密貨幣體系，稱作“太陽幣”。
People from around the world have been invited to register online for Asgardian citizenship. So far, the number of individuals that have signed up stands at around 200,000—although the aim is not to move all of these members into space.
世界各地的人都應(yīng)邀網(wǎng)上注冊成為阿斯加迪亞的公民。迄今，已簽名注冊的人數(shù)約有20萬，不過，現(xiàn)在的目標(biāo)并不是將所有人送入太空。
Asgardia has even held parliamentary elections during which 140 representatives were chosen, while it is also in the process of forming various governmental bodies. These will be responsible for different aspects of the running of the state.
阿斯加迪亞甚至還舉行了議會選舉，選出了140名議員，同時還在組建各級政府機構(gòu)，負(fù)責(zé)國家管理工作的方方面面。
At the ceremony, Ashurbeyli also announced details regarding the development of Asgardia’s infrastructure and economy.
在就職典禮上，阿舒爾貝利還宣布了發(fā)展阿斯加迪亞基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和經(jīng)濟的具體安排。
"Asgardia will build an infrastructure that is independent from ground-based systems on Earth," Ashurbeyli said in his speech. "Asgardians will carry handheld devices with integrated passports, credit cards and conventional smartphones."
他在演講中說：“阿斯加迪亞將修建獨立于地球地面系統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。阿斯加迪亞人將攜帶集護(hù)照、信用卡和普通手機于一體的手持設(shè)備。”
"A network of low-earth orbit satellites will be deployed delivering global internet coverage," he added. "Core satellites will be placed in high-earth orbit providing a full range of digital services to Asgardian citizens and businesses, as well as free access to space technologies for earthlings regardless of their nationality on earth."
他還說：“將在近地軌道設(shè)置衛(wèi)星網(wǎng)絡(luò)，提供覆蓋全球的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。將在遠(yuǎn)地軌道設(shè)置遠(yuǎn)地軌道核心衛(wèi)星，向阿斯加迪亞公民和企業(yè)提供全面數(shù)字服務(wù)，地球各國居民均可免費使用太空技術(shù)。”
Furthermore, he outlined how Asgardia planned to deploy a space fleet to defend Earth from threats emanating from outer space and how the nation would achieve recognition from other states.
此外，他還概括介紹了阿斯加迪亞計劃如何部署一支太空艦隊，保護(hù)地球免受源自外層空間的威脅，以及阿斯加迪亞如何獲得其他國家的承認(rèn)。
"Asgardia will achieve recognition as an independent space state by means of bilateral agreements with as many states on earth as possible, as well as accession to international organizations both intergovernmental and non-governmental," he said.
他說：“阿斯加迪亞將通過與地球上盡可能多的國家達(dá)成雙邊協(xié)議以及加入政府間和非政府間國際組織的形式獲得承認(rèn)，成為一個獨立的太空國家。”
Exactly how Asgardia will achieve all of its lofty goals is unclear at present, with plans still in their embryonic stages. What is clear is that the space nation will require vast amounts of money to fund its ventures.
眼下，阿斯加迪亞究竟將如何實現(xiàn)所有遠(yuǎn)大目標(biāo)尚不清楚，各項計劃仍處于萌芽階段。不過，這個太空國家需要巨額資金資助冒險活動。
But if it can achieve its aims, Ashurbeyli sees Asgardia as a safeguard for humanity's future.
阿舒爾貝利認(rèn)為，如果能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)目標(biāo)，阿斯加迪亞將成為人類未來的保障。
"Outer space is endless and space exploration will give homo sapiens the chance to become immortal as a species," he concluded.
他說：“外層空間沒有盡頭，太空探索將賦予智人成為永生物種的機遇。”
