社交圈反映健康狀況

你的朋友會(huì)比你的健身追蹤器透露更多關(guān)于健康的信息

If you wear a fitness tracker, no doubt you check it throughout the day, tallying your steps or checking your heart rate and patting yourself on the back as you get closer to your goals. But a new study finds that your faithful Fitbit really isn't as much of an indicator of your health and fitness as the people you hang out with.

如果你戴著健身追蹤器，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)你一整天都在查看它，記錄你的步數(shù)或檢查你的心率，當(dāng)你接近目標(biāo)時(shí)拍拍自己的后背。但一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，你忠實(shí)的Fitbit運(yùn)動(dòng)追蹤器并不能像和你一起出去玩的人一樣，顯示你的健康狀況。

(Photo: Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock)

Researchers (and, heck, our parents) have long known that our peers influence whether we drink or smoke or engage in other not-so-healthy habits. Now scientists wanted to take a closer look to see if friends also influence health, as well as happiness and stress.

研究人員(見(jiàn)鬼，還有我們的父母)早就知道，我們的同齡人會(huì)影響我們喝酒、抽煙或其他不太健康的習(xí)慣。現(xiàn)在，科學(xué)家們想要近距離觀察朋友是否也會(huì)影響健康、幸福和壓力。

"We were interested in the topology of the social network — what does my position within my social network predict about my health and well-being?" said study lead author Nitesh V. Chawla, professor of computer science and engineering at Notre Dame, in a statement. "What we found was the social network structure provides a significant improvement in predictability of wellness states of an individual over just using the data derived from wearables, like the number of steps or heart rate."

“我們對(duì)社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu)很感興趣——我在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的位置如何預(yù)測(cè)我的健康和幸福?”“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)大大提高了個(gè)人健康狀況的可預(yù)測(cè)性，而不僅僅是使用來(lái)自可穿戴設(shè)備的數(shù)據(jù)，比如步數(shù)或心率。”

Participants in the study wore Fitbits so researchers could gather information about steps, heart rate, sleep data and activity level. They also completed surveys about their feelings of happiness, positivity and stress. Researchers captured data about the participants' social networks using a phone app that gathered information about calls and texts.

這項(xiàng)研究的參與者佩戴fitbit，這樣研究人員就可以收集有關(guān)步數(shù)、心率、睡眠數(shù)據(jù)和活動(dòng)水平的信息。他們還完成了關(guān)于幸福感、積極性和壓力的調(diào)查。研究人員使用一款手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序捕捉了參與者社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的數(shù)據(jù)，該應(yīng)用程序收集了有關(guān)通話和短信的信息。

(Photo: Syda Productions/Shutterstock)

The team then analyzed the data, comparing the tracker information to the social network characteristics. The results, which were published in the journal PLOS ONE, showed a strong correlation between the structure of the participants' social network and their heart rate, the number of steps they took and their daily level of activity.

然后，研究小組分析了這些數(shù)據(jù)，并將跟蹤器信息與社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)特征進(jìn)行了比較。研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在《公共科學(xué)圖書(shū)館•綜合》雜志上，結(jié)果顯示，參與者的社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)與他們的心率、步數(shù)和日?；顒?dòng)水平之間存在很強(qiáng)的相關(guān)性。

Adding information from a social network made for a much better predictor of an individual's health and well-being versus just looking at Fitbit health data alone, the study found. When researchers combined friend group info with data from fitness trackers, they had a 65% improvement in predicting a person's happiness, 54% improvement in predicting a person's self-assessed health, 55% improvement in predicting positive attitude and 38% improvement in predicting feelings of success.

研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，與只看Fitbit上的健康數(shù)據(jù)相比，在社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)上添加信息能更好地預(yù)測(cè)一個(gè)人的健康狀況。當(dāng)研究人員將朋友圈信息與健身追蹤器的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)合起來(lái)時(shí)，他們預(yù)測(cè)一個(gè)人的快樂(lè)程度的準(zhǔn)確率提高了65%，預(yù)測(cè)一個(gè)人自我評(píng)估的健康狀況的準(zhǔn)確率提高了54%，預(yù)測(cè)積極態(tài)度的準(zhǔn)確率提高了55%，預(yù)測(cè)成功感覺(jué)的準(zhǔn)確率提高了38%。

"This study asserts that without social network information, we only have an incomplete view of an individual's wellness state, and to be fully predictive or to be able to derive interventions, it is critical to be aware of the social network structural features as well," Chawla said.

舒拉說(shuō):“這項(xiàng)研究表明，如果沒(méi)有社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的信息，我們對(duì)一個(gè)人的健康狀況只有一個(gè)不完整的看法，要想完全預(yù)測(cè)或得出干預(yù)措施，了解社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)的結(jié)構(gòu)特征也至關(guān)重要。”

The researchers suggest that one way these research results might be used is in the workplace. Employers who give workers fitness trackers in order to improve their health could suggest they share their progress on a social media platform in order to build an encouraging network.

研究人員表示，這些研究結(jié)果可能被用于工作場(chǎng)所。為員工提供健身追蹤器以改善他們健康狀況的雇主，可以建議他們?cè)谏缃幻襟w平臺(tái)上分享自己的進(jìn)步，以建立一個(gè)令人鼓舞的網(wǎng)絡(luò)。

"I do believe these incentives that we institute at work are meaningful, but I also believe we're not seeing the effect because we may not be capitalizing on them the way we should," Chawla said.

舒拉說(shuō):“我確實(shí)認(rèn)為，我們?cè)诠ぷ髦兄贫ǖ倪@些激勵(lì)措施是有意義的，但是我也認(rèn)為，我們沒(méi)有看到效果，因?yàn)槲覀兛赡軟](méi)有以最適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞嚼眠@些措施。”