什么是陸地龍卷風(fēng)?

什么是陸地龍卷風(fēng)?

There are several types of well-known tornadoes — waterspouts, snowspouts and supercell tornadoes come to mind — but the landspout is unique because it borders the line between a full-blown tornado and a dust devil.

眾所周知，龍卷風(fēng)有幾種類型——水龍卷風(fēng)、雪龍卷風(fēng)和超級(jí)單體龍卷風(fēng)——但陸地龍卷風(fēng)是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的，因?yàn)樗挥谌姹l(fā)的龍卷風(fēng)和塵暴之間。

A meteorologist named Howard B. Bluestein dubbed these twisters landspouts in 1985.

1985年，一位名叫霍華德·B·布魯斯坦的氣象學(xué)家將這些龍卷風(fēng)命名為“陸地龍卷風(fēng)”。

Their formation and overall look resemble a waterspout, except that they form on land or on a surface where winds are converging.

它們的形成和整體上看起來(lái)像一個(gè)水柱，除了它們是在陸地上或風(fēng)匯聚的地方形成的。

These types of tornadoes have flat bases and a fluffy, cotton-like appearance. They ofter appear thin and rope-like.

這些類型的龍卷風(fēng)有扁平的底座和蓬松的棉花狀外觀，它們常常顯得又瘦又像繩子。

Unlike a tornado formed by supercell thunderstorms, a landspout can form without any signs of a thunderstorm. Even more interesting, not all landspouts are visible.

與超級(jí)單體雷暴形成的龍卷風(fēng)不同，陸地龍卷風(fēng)可以在沒(méi)有任何雷暴跡象的情況下形成，更有趣的是，并不是所有的陸地龍卷風(fēng)都是可見(jiàn)的。

Another simple way to explain how a landspout differs from a normal tornado: landspouts are formed from the bottom up in an updraft, whereas normal tornadoes funnel from the sky down to the surface.

另一種簡(jiǎn)單的方法來(lái)解釋陸地龍卷風(fēng)和普通龍卷風(fēng)的不同之處:在上升氣流中，陸地龍卷風(fēng)從底部向上形成，而普通龍卷風(fēng)則從天空向下進(jìn)入地表。

Landspouts tend to last 15 minutes or less. They can cause damage but their winds aren't nearly as powerful as those of a supercell tornado.

陸地龍卷風(fēng)一般持續(xù)15分鐘或更短。它們可以造成破壞，但它們的風(fēng)力遠(yuǎn)不如超級(jí)單體龍卷風(fēng)那么強(qiáng)勁。

They are particularly hard to forecast, as Doppler weather radar can't detect them.

它們尤其難以預(yù)測(cè)，因?yàn)槎嗥绽仗鞖饫走_(dá)無(wú)法探測(cè)到它們。

You're most likely to experience a landspout in the spring or summer months, but they can occur in any month.

你最有可能在春季或夏季經(jīng)歷一次陸地龍卷風(fēng)，但它們其實(shí)可以發(fā)生在任何月份。

The National Weather Service will often refer to this type of tornado as a "dust tube tornado."

美國(guó)國(guó)家氣象局經(jīng)常將這種龍卷風(fēng)稱為“沙塵管龍卷風(fēng)”。

If you ever encounter one, be sure to stay away from windows. While they aren't quite as powerful as a normal tornado, their winds can shatter windows or damage possessions.

如果你遇到這種情況，一定要遠(yuǎn)離窗戶，雖然它們不像普通龍卷風(fēng)那么強(qiáng)大，但它們的風(fēng)力可以震碎窗戶或損壞財(cái)物。