一項新的研究表明冠狀病毒可以在表面存活多長時間

一項新的研究表明冠狀病毒可以在表面存活多長時間

If the new coronavirus 2019-nCoV (now officially named COVID-19) is anything like its family members, a new study suggests it could survive on inanimate objects for well over a week.

如果新的冠狀病毒2019-nCoV(現(xiàn)在正式命名為COVID-19)與其家庭成員有任何相似之處，一項新的研究表明，它可以在無生命的物體上存活一周以上。

According to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC) it's "currently unclear if a person can get 2019-nCoV by touching a surface or object that has the virus on it and then touching their own mouth, nose, or possibly their eyes."

根據(jù)美國疾病控制和預(yù)防中心(CDC)的說法，“目前還不清楚一個人是否可以通過觸摸表面或上面有病毒的物體，然后觸摸自己的嘴、鼻子，或者可能是眼睛來感染2019-nCoV。”

In fact, not a lot is known about COVID-19 at all, so researchers are turning to similar coronaviruses, like SARS and MERS, for answers.

事實上，人們對COVID-19知之甚少，因此研究人員正轉(zhuǎn)向類似的冠狀病毒，如SARS和MERS來尋找答案。

Reviewing the literature on all available human and veterinary viruses within this family, encompassing 22 studies, researchers have found that the human pathogens can persist on surfaces and remain infectious at room temperature for up to nine days. (To put that in perspective, the measles viruscan live on contaminated surfaces for up to two hours.)

研究人員回顧了關(guān)于這個家族中所有可用的人類和獸醫(yī)病毒的文獻，包括22項研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)人類病原體可以在表面持續(xù)存在，并在室溫下保持傳染性長達9天。(客觀地說，麻疹病毒可以在受污染的表面上生活長達兩個小時。)

Granted, that's the upper end of a coronavirus lifespan, but on average, researchers say this family of viruses can survive between four and five days on various materials like aluminium, wood, paper, plastic and glass.

誠然，這是冠狀病毒壽命的上限，但研究人員表示，平均而言，這種病毒家族可以在鋁、木材、紙張、塑料和玻璃等各種材料上存活4到5天。

Some of the veterinary coronaviruses - the ones that can only infect animals - could even persist for longer than 28 days.

一些獸醫(yī)冠狀病毒-那些只能感染動物的病毒-甚至可以持續(xù)28天以上。

"Low temperature and high air humidity further increase their lifespan," saysphysician Günter Kampf at the Greifswald University Hospital.

“低溫和高空氣濕度進一步延長了它們的壽命，”格雷夫斯瓦爾德大學醫(yī)院的心理學家岡特·坎夫說。

To reduce the spread of coronaviruses in general, the authors of the new study suggest hospitals carefully disinfect surfaces with various solutions made from sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, or ethanol.

為了總體上減少冠狀病毒的傳播，這項新研究的作者建議醫(yī)院用由次氯酸鈉、過氧化氫或乙醇制成的各種溶液仔細消毒表面。

In their study, they found these particular WHO recommendations to be "very effective" against SARS and MERS.

在他們的研究中，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)世衛(wèi)組織的這些特別建議對SARS和MERS“非常有效”。

The results were originally bound for a future textbook, but under the circumstances, the authors felt it was best to publish their findings in advance. They think the results might also extend to COVID-19.

這些結(jié)果原本是為將來的教科書所定的，但在這種情況下，作者認為最好提前公布他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)。他們認為，研究結(jié)果可能也適用于COVID-19.

"Different coronaviruses were analysed, and the results were all similar," saysvirologist Eike Steinmann form Leibniz University Hanover.

漢諾威萊布尼茨大學的病毒學家艾克·斯坦曼說:“對不同的冠狀病毒進行了分析，結(jié)果都很相似。”

None of the viruses were COVID-19 however, and the team indicated they don't have data on whether hands can become contaminated with coronavirus after patient contact or after touching contaminated surfaces.

然而，這些病毒都不是covid19.而且研究小組表示，他們沒有關(guān)于患者接觸或接觸污染表面后手部是否會被冠狀病毒污染的數(shù)據(jù)。

While MERS doesn't transfer as easily from person to person as other coronaviruses, SARS spreads rather efficiently whenever an infected person sneezes or coughs. If the mucous lands on a surface and is touched by a person later, it can then contaminate them.

雖然中東呼吸綜合征不像其他冠狀病毒那樣容易在人與人之間傳播，但當感染者打噴嚏或咳嗽時，SARS的傳播相當有效。如果黏液落在表面，隨后被人接觸，就會感染他們。

Given how threatening this could make COVID-19. washing our hands often and making sure to disinfect public areas seems like a harmless price to pay.

考慮到這可能會使COVID-19變得多么具有威脅性，經(jīng)常洗手并確保對公共場所進行消毒似乎是一個無害的代價。

"In hospitals, these can be door handles, for example, but also call buttons, bedside tables, bed frames and other objects in the direct vicinity of patients, which are often made of metal or plastic," explains Kampf.

“例如，在醫(yī)院里，這些可以是門把手，也可以是呼叫按鈕、床頭柜、床框和其他直接靠近患者的物品，它們通常是由金屬或塑料制成的，”坎普夫解釋說。