新概念英語詞匯隨身聽速記手冊3新概念3詞匯 38-39
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Lesson 38
calendar
歷法，日歷
Up to now,historians have assumed that calendars came into being
迄今為止，歷史學(xué)家一直認(rèn)為日歷是隨農(nóng)業(yè)出現(xiàn)而產(chǎn)生的，
with the advent of agriculture,
for then man was faced with a real need to understand something about the seasons.
因?yàn)楫?dāng)時的人們面臨著了解季節(jié)的實(shí)際需要。
One use for early astronomy was to create calendars.
早期天文學(xué)的用途之一是建立歷法。
She has the habit of writing the time and place of her appointments on the calendar.
她習(xí)慣把約會時間、地點(diǎn)寫在日期上。
historian
歷史學(xué)家
People have always paid honor to historians,but ignored prophets.
人們總是禮敬歷史學(xué)家，冷落預(yù)言家。
History repeats itself,historians repeat each other.
歷史重復(fù)自己，歷史學(xué)家重復(fù)彼此。
unique
獨(dú)一無二的
Future historians will be in a unique position
未來的歷史學(xué)家在書寫我們這一段歷史的時候
when they came to record the history of our own times.
面對的將是得天獨(dú)厚的條件。
There was something unique about the new theories.
這些新理論有獨(dú)到之處。
The actress imprints her unique personality on all the roles she plays.
這個女演員飾演的所有角色都帶著她那獨(dú)一無二的性格烙印。
steadily
不斷地
They will hardly know which facts to select from the great mass of evidence
他們幾乎不知道該從現(xiàn)有的材料里選取什么，
that steadily accumulates.
何況這些材料還在不斷增長。
In silence Mole rowed steadily,
鼴鼠默默地不斷劃著
and soon they came to a point where the river divided.
很快劃到了河流分岔處。
It had been a leaden dawn,and the rain now steadily poured down.
那是一個鉛灰色的黎明，現(xiàn)在又開始連綿不斷地下起了大雨。
solely
惟一地，全然地
What is more,they will no have to rely solely on the written word.
而且，他們也不必完全倚賴文字材料。
Eventually she went back to her father solely because there wasno other way.
最后，只是因?yàn)閷?shí)在沒有別的辦法了，她才回頭去找她爸爸。
Peace is not solely a matter of military or technical problem.
和平不僅僅是個軍事工技術(shù)問題。
video
錄像
Films,videos,CDs and CD-ROMs
他們獲取信息的渠道多得令人眼花繚亂，
are just some of the bewildering amount of information they will have.
電影，錄像，光盤和光驅(qū)器只是其中的幾種。
We saw the movie on video.
我們看了影片的錄像帶。
Many families own a video camera today。
今天許多家庭都有攝像機(jī)。
CD-ROM
（只讀）光盤驅(qū)動器
CD-ROM is the shortened form of Comopact Disk-Read Only Memory.
CD-ROM是（只讀）光盤驅(qū)動器的縮寫。
bewilder
令人眼花繚亂
As soon as you arrive you will have a bewildering reading list thrust into your hand.
你一到就會有一張讓人眼花繚亂的書單塞到你手里。
Teroro was scared and bewildered.
蒂羅羅害怕得暈頭轉(zhuǎn)向了。
deduce
推斷，推理
He has to deduce what he can from the few scanty clues available.
他必須根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的幾條不充分的線索進(jìn)行推理。
He expected to deduce new ideas by mathematical means.
他期望用數(shù)學(xué)方法得到新的推論。
Mel deduced there were others within hearing .
梅爾估計有人能聽得到他們的談話。
scanty
不足的，貧乏的
Barney knew scantiest amount of French and not a syllable of anything else.
巴尼只懂一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)法文，其他外語一個字都不會。
The news today is scanty,but good.
今天的消息不多，不過都是好消息。
clue
線索
I thought there might be clues among all the materials which might take us somewhere.
我還以為這些材料里有什么線索能讓我們有點(diǎn)進(jìn)展呢。
The statement is an interesting clue to both his temperament and his literary method.
他的性情和筆法從這句話里可見一斑。
insignificant
不重要的
Even seemingly insignificant remains
即使看起來微不足道的遺留物，
can shed interesting light on the history of early man.
也可能讓我們對人類早期歷史有一些新的了解。
Mrs.Morrison was so insignificant that no one had ever noticed what she looked like.
莫里森太太太卑微了，以至于沒有人注意她長得什么樣兒。
shed
使流出，傾瀉
These who shed the most tears are not necessarily the most concerned.
那些眼淚掉得最多的人不見得是最關(guān)心的人。
advent
出現(xiàn)，到來，來臨
Up to now,historians have assumed
迄今為止，歷史學(xué)家一直認(rèn)為日歷是隨農(nóng)業(yè)的出現(xiàn)而產(chǎn)生的，
that calendars came into being with the advent of agriculture,
for then man was faced with a real need to understand something about the seasons.
因?yàn)楫?dāng)時的人們面臨著了解四時的實(shí)際需要。
With the advent of modern methods of communication
由于現(xiàn)代通訊手段的出現(xiàn)，
the whole world has been transformed into a single mechanism.
整個世界已經(jīng)變成了一個統(tǒng)一的機(jī)體。
The use of the term had only become widespread
這個名詞是在紀(jì)錄片問世以后
since the advent of the documentary film.
才開始廣泛使用的。
agriculture
農(nóng)業(yè)
For people who relied on agriculture for their living this was a serious matter.
對于以務(wù)農(nóng)為生的來說，這是一個很嚴(yán)重的問題。
assumption
假定，設(shè)想
Recent scientific evidence seems to indicate that this assumption is incorrect.
但近期科學(xué)研究證明，這種假設(shè)有可能是不正確的。
Especially weak are the underlying assumptions of the approach.
這種論證方法最薄弱的一點(diǎn)是隱含的假定。
This assumption is wrong or greatly exaggerated.
這種假設(shè)不是錯了，就是太夸張。
dot
小圓點(diǎn)
Historians have long been puzzled by dots,lines and symbols
長期以來，歷史學(xué)家一直被雕刻在墻壁上、骨頭上、
which have been engraved on walls,bones,and the ivory tusks of mammoths.
猛犸的象牙上的點(diǎn)、線和形形色色的符號感到迷惑不解。
His email address is www dot salamander dot chinaren dot net.
他的電郵地址是www. salamander.chinaren.net.
symbol
符號
Historians have long been puzzled by dots,lines and symbols
長期以來，歷史學(xué)家一直被雕刻在墻壁上、骨頭上、
which have been engraved on walls,bones,and the ivory tusks of mammoths.
猛犸的象牙上的點(diǎn)、線和形形色色的符號感到迷惑不解。
The private car was still a cherished symbol of status.
私家車在當(dāng)時還是地位的標(biāo)志。
engrave
雕刻
The shapes and engraved decorations of these pieces
這些東西的外形和雕飾花紋
are typical of medieval Islamic glassware.
都是中世紀(jì)伊斯蘭的玻璃制品所特有的。
An idiom was engraved at the university gate.
大學(xué)的校門上刻著一饋諺語。
ivory
象牙制品
Tony cherished the ivory ball his grandpa had given him.
湯尼珍視祖父留給他的象牙球。
It's funny that a girl called Ivory should be living in a street by the name of Elephant.
好玩，一個叫象牙的女孩住在一條叫大象的街上。
mammoth
猛犸
Mammoths are extinct elephants with a hairy skin and long tusks,curving upward.
猛犸是一種滅絕的象，全身有長毛，門齒向上彎曲。
tusk
（象、野豬等的）長牙，獠牙、象牙
The wild boar had its tusk sunk deeply into a tree and howled desperately.
野豬的獠牙陷在了樹里，絕望地嗥叫著。
A huge tusk decorated the wall of his study.
他書房的墻上裝飾著一支巨大的象牙。
nomad
游牧民
The nomads who made these markings lived by hunting and fishing
這些標(biāo)記是游牧民留下的，他們生活在從公元前約35000年
during the last Ice Age which began about 35000 B.C.and ended about 10000 B.C.
到公元前10000年的冰川期的末期，以狩獵、捕魚為生。
A nomad is the member of a trible that wanders from place to place.
游牧民是一個到處流浪、居無定所的部落的成員。
with no fixed home.
His new film is an epic of the nomads.
他新拍的這部電影是游牧民族的一部史詩。
correlate
使相互聯(lián)系
By correlating markings made in various parts of the world,
歷史學(xué)家比較了散布在世界各地的同類標(biāo)記，
historians have been able to read this difficult code.
終于能夠了解讀這種難懂的代碼了。
Results in the natural sciences seldom seem to correlate with those in art.
自然科學(xué)的成果似乎很少與藝術(shù)發(fā)生關(guān)聯(lián)。
Scentists find it hard to correlate the two sets of figures.
科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)很難使用使這兩組數(shù)字發(fā)生關(guān)聯(lián)。
phase
月相，天相
They have found that it is connected with the passage of days
他們發(fā)現(xiàn)它和晝夜更迭
and the phases of the moon.
月亮圓缺有關(guān)。
The moon has four major phases:crescent,half moon,gibbous and full moon.
月亮有四種主要的相：新月、半月、凸月和滿月。
primitive
原始的
It is,in fact,a primitive type of calendar.
它實(shí)際上是一種原始日歷。
These primitive weapons,though crude,are fatal.
這些原始武器雖然簡陋，卻足以致命。
What did the primitive people do for relaxation,or rather,
原始人有什么娛樂嗎？或者說，
did they have any relaxation at all?
他們有娛樂嗎？
depict
描畫，描述
It has long been known that the hunting scenes depicted on walls
大家早就知道，畫在墻上的狩獵圖景
were not simply a form of artistic exprression.
并不是單純的藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)形式。
On the tapestry are depicted some biblical scenes.
掛毯上畫著一些《圣經(jīng)》上的場景。
The novel depicts the saga of a family.
小說描繪了一個家族的傳奇故事。
Lesson 39
Lesson 39
rough
崎嶇不平的
The rough road across the plain soon became so bad
穿越平原的道路高低不平，開車走了不遠(yuǎn)，
that we tried to get Bruce to drive back to the village we had come from.
路面越發(fā)崎嶇，我們想讓布魯斯把車開回我們來的那個村子。
I was thinking all the way how cool and silent that road was,
我一路在想，那條路雖說有點(diǎn)顛，
even if it was a little rough.
可是多陰涼，多清靜。
boulder
大古塊
Even though the road was littered with boulders and pitted with holes,
盡管路面布滿石頭，坑坑洼洼，
Bruce was not in the least perturbed.
但布魯斯卻一點(diǎn)兒也不慌亂。
A boulder rolled down the slope and narrowly missed the car.
一塊石頭從山上滾下，險些把車砸壞。
pit
使介坑坑洼洼
They watched the rain pit the sea with tiny craters.
他們注視著雨滴在海上面砸出的小水窩。
The front of his truck was pitted by stones.
他的卡車前部被石頭迸得坑坑洼洼的。
perturb
使不安
The bad news perturbed her for days.
這個壞消息弄得她好幾天心神不定。
If a little accident like this perturbs your country,
假如這么一小小的意外也驚擾了貴國的話，
what do you say to the hourly fright your army is giving to our people?
那么你們的軍隊對我國人民造成了無時不在的恐怖怎么說呢？
underestimate
低估
It was not that Bruce always underestimated difficulties.
這并不是說布魯斯總是低估困難。
The effects of tariffs on import quantities may have been underestimated.
關(guān)稅對進(jìn)口數(shù)量的影響可能被低估了。
You underestimate his endurance,and I his shrewdness.
你低估了他的耐力，而我低估了他的精明。
swerve
急轉(zhuǎn)
As we bumped over the dusty track,we swerved to avoid large boulders.
我們在塵土飛揚(yáng)的道路上顛簸，車子?xùn)|拐西彎，以便繞開那些大圓石。
A motor swerved into the lane.
一輛摩托車突然拐進(jìn)了小巷。
scoop
挖出，鏟出
The wheels scooped up stones which hammered ominously under the car.
車輪鏟起的石塊砸在車上，發(fā)出不祥的撞擊聲。
She scooped up a spoonful of salt and threw into the pot.
她狠狠地舀了滿滿一勺鹽，扔在缺罐子里。
I heard a low hammering sound in the bedroom.
我聽見臥室里有低低的錘打聲。
He dashed on to the porch and began to hammer on the door.
他沖進(jìn)門廊，用力錘起門來。
ominously
有預(yù)兆地，不祥地
The rain was beating ominously on the window.
雨點(diǎn)敲打著窗戶，像有什么不祥之兆似的。
So ominously did the stranger knock at the door
那個陌生人的敲門聲充滿了兇兆，
that one could hear the disaster in the air.
好像聽聽就能聽出災(zāi)禍似的。
rip
劃破，撕，扯
We felt sure that sooner or later
我們覺得遲早會飛起一個石塊
a stone would rip a hole in our petrol tank or damage the engine.
把油箱砸開一個窟窿，或者把發(fā)動機(jī)砸壞。
The wheelchair ripped a crack in his trousers.
輪椅把的褲子撕開了一條縫。
He ripped open the envelope.
他撕開了信封。
petrol
汽油
I can't stand the smell of petrol and always become dizzy in a car.
我受不了汽油味，每次坐車都覺得頭暈。
We filled up the tank with petrol before the journey.
上路前我們給車加滿了油。
stretch
一大片（平地或水）
What a relief it was when the boulders suddenly disappeared,
突然大石塊不見了，前面是一片平地，
giving way to a stretch of plain where the only obstacles were clumps of bushes.
惟一的障礙是一叢叢的灌木。我們大大地松了口氣。
After a long,dry stretch of land,we reached a small lake.
走過一片廣闊、干瘠的土地，我們來到一個小湖邊。
These carts are capable of traveling over miles through stretches of desert.
這些馬車能夠在連綿不斷的沙漠里走上好幾英里。
obstacle
障礙
The struggle for economic growth encountered more than the well advertised obstacles of ignorance,disease,
爭取經(jīng)濟(jì)增長所遇到的困難遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過大家所熟知的
corruption and inertia.
愚昧、疾病、腐敗和惰性。
I cannot see this as a real obstacle to the plan.
我看不出這一點(diǎn)對計劃有什么實(shí)質(zhì)性的障礙。
clump
叢，簇
Not far ahead was a clump of trees.
前面不遠(yuǎn)處有一叢樹林。
Who put that messy clump of flowers in the vase?
誰把那堆亂蓬蓬的花插在花瓶里的？
fissure
（石，地的）深縫
Just ahead of us there was a huge fissure.
在我們正前方出現(xiàn)了一條大裂縫。
Water has got into fisures in the rock.
水流進(jìn)了巖石的裂蓬。
A delicate daffodil sprang up from the fissure.
地縫里開出了一朵嬌艷的黃水仙。
renew
重復(fù)
In response to renewed pleadings.Bruce stopped.
在大家的苦苦央求下，布魯斯總算把車停了下來。
In January I renewed my request and this time was met by the director himself.
一月分份我再次提出請求，這一次接待我的是主任。
We renewed our magazine subscription.
我們續(xù)訂了雜志。
pleading
懇求
All the pleadings were brushed aside.
所有的懇求都被置之不理。
He seems to relent a moment at their pleading.
在他們的懇求下，有那么一會兒，他似乎心軟了一下。
gear
（汽車）排擋
Bruce went into a low gear and drove at a terrifying speed,
布魯斯掛上慢檔，把兩只前輪抗在裂縫兩邊，
keeping the front wheels astride the crack as he followed its zigzag course.
沿著彎彎曲曲的裂縫，以瘋狂的速度向前開去。
He always puts the car in high gear.
他老是把車掛快檔。
Gears on an automobile may be used either to decrease or increase speed.
汽車的排檔可用于加速度或減速。
astride
騎，跨
In the past it was considered indecent for a lady to ride a horse astride.
過去認(rèn)為淑女跨騎馬是件有失體統(tǒng)的事。
Astride the merry-go-round,the baby yelled with rapture.
孩子騎在旋轉(zhuǎn)木馬上，興奮地大喊大叫。
crack
縫隙
The gorgon had hidden herself there,
那個惡婆子早就躲在那兒，
and,with her ear pressed close against the crack of the door,
把耳朵緊貼著門縫，把談話聽得一字不漏。
had lost not a word of the conversation.
那面墻有道裂縫。
There is a crack in that wall.
那面墻有道裂縫。
zigzag
“之”字形
The zigzag path wound up to the peak.
彎彎曲曲的小道通向山頂。
There is no way to follow the zigzag course of the human mind.
人的心思彎彎繞，無法捉摸。
shallow
淺的
Our next obstacle was a shallow pool of water about half a mile across.
下一個障礙是一片約半英里寬的淺水塘。
Sonia put the salad in a shallow dish.
索尼婭把色拉裝在一個淺盤里。
grind ground ground
嘎嘎出聲地擠壓
Bruce charged at it,but in the middle,the car came to a grinding halt.
布魯斯直沖過去，但車開到水塘中間，吱嘎一聲停住了。
He ground his teeth and looked fierecely at the traitor.
他咬牙切齒，惡習(xí)狠狠地盯著叛徒。
halt
停止
The bus came to a sudden halt.
公共汽車突然停了下來。
It is high time to call halt to cultural vandalism.
摧殘文化的行為實(shí)在應(yīng)該予以制止了。
dashboard
（汽車上的）儀表板
A yellow light on the dashboard flashed angrily
一盞小黃燈在儀表板上憤怒地閃著光，
and Bruce cheerfully announced that there was no oil in the engine.
布魯斯興沖沖地宣布發(fā)動機(jī)里沒有油了。
The dashboard is a panel beneath the windscreen of a motor-car,
儀表板是汽車擋風(fēng)玻璃下面的一塊板，
with speedometer and various other controls.
裝著速率表和各種控制器。
He took a close look at the dashboard and stopped the car carefully.
他仔細(xì)地看了看儀表板，小心地把車停了下來。
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