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(中英)現(xiàn)代散文:立論 On Presenting a View

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2019年04月14日

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On Presenting a View

立 論①

◎ Lu Xun

◎ 魯 迅

I dreamed that while preparing to write a composition in a primary school classroom I asked the teacher how to present a view.

我夢見自己正在小學校的講堂上預(yù)備作文,向老師請教立論的方法②。

That's a hard nut, said the teacher, giving me a sidelong glance over his glasses. "Let me tell you this story —"

“難!”③老師從眼鏡圈外斜射出眼光來④,看著我,說。“我告訴你一件事⑤——

"When a baby boy is born to a family, there is immense joy in the whole household. When he is one month old, they invite some people over for taking a look at him — customarily, of course, in expectation of some good wishes. One of the guests receives hearty thanks for saying, 'The child is destined to be rich.'"

“一家人家生了一個男孩⑥,合家⑦高興透頂了。滿月的時候,抱出來給客人看,——大概自然是想得一點好兆頭⑧。

One of the guests receives hearty thanks for saying, 'The child is destined to be rich.'

“一個說:‘這孩子將來要發(fā)財?shù)蘑帷?rsquo;他于是得到一番感謝⑩。

"Another is paid some compliments in return for saying, 'The child is destined to be an official.' Still another, however, is given a sound beating by the whole family for saying, 'The child will eventually die.'"

“一個說:‘這孩子將來要做官的。’他于是收回幾句恭維。

Still another, however, is given a sound beating by the whole family for saying, 'The child will eventually die.'

“一個說?:‘這孩子將來是要死的?。’他于是得到一頓大家合力的痛打。

To call the child mortal is to state the inevitable while to say that the child will become very rich or a high official is probably a lie. Yet the former gets a thrashing while the latter is rewarded. You ...

“說要死的必然?,說富貴的許謊。但說謊的得好報,說必然的遭打。你……”

I don't want to tell a lie, and neither do I want to be beaten. Then what should I do, sir?

“我愿意既不謊人,也不遭打?。那么,老師,我得怎么說呢?”

Well, just say, 'Ai-ya, this child! Just look! Oh, my! Hah! Hehe! He, hehehehe!'

“那么,你得說:‘啊呀!這孩子呵!您瞧!多么……啊唷!哈哈!Hehe! he, hehehehe!’”

《立論》是魯迅1925年7月8日在北京寫的一篇短文,1927年7月編入散文詩集《野草》。文章寫“立論之難”,悲訴人生,感嘆在現(xiàn)實生活中人們不敢說真話或有話難于直說,導致假話盛行。


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