雙語(yǔ)全文 ● 魯迅 阿Q正傳——第四章　戀愛的悲劇

Chapter 4

The Tragedy of Love

There are said to be some victors who take no pleasure in a victory un-less their opponents are as fierce as tigers or eagles： in the case of foes as timid as sheep or chickens they find their triumph empty. There are other victors who， having carried all before them， with the enemy slain or surren-dered， utterly cowed， realize that now no foe， no rival， no friend is left—none but themselves， supreme， lonely， lost， and forlorn. Then they find their triumph a tragedy. But not so our hero： he was always exultant. This may be a proof of the moral supremacy of China over the rest of the world.

Look at Ah Q， elated as if he were walking on air！

This victory was not without strange consequences， though. For after walking on air for quite a time he floated into the Tutelary God’s Temple，where he would normally have started snoring as soon as he lay down. This evening， however， he found it very hard to close his eyes， being struck by something odd about his thumb and first finger， which seemed to be smoother than usual. It is impossible to say whether something soft and smooth on the little nun’s face had stuck to his fingers， or whether his fin-gers had been rubbed smooth against her cheek.

“Ah Q， may you die sonless！”

These words sounded again in Ah Q’s ears， and he thought， “Quite right， I should take a wife； for if a man dies sonless he has no one to sacrifice a bowl of rice to his spirit.... I ought to have a wife.” As the saying goes，“There are three forms of unfilial conduct， of which the worst is to have no descendants，” and it is one of the tragedies of life that “spirits without descendants go hungry.” Thus his view was absolutely in accordance with the teachings of the saints and sages， and it is indeed a pity that later he should have run amok.

“Woman， woman！...” he thought.

“... The monk paws.... Woman， woman！ ... Woman！” he thought again.

We shall never know when Ah Q finally fell asleep that evening. After this， however， he probably always found his fingers rather soft and smooth，and always remained a little light-headed. “Woman ...” he kept thinking.

第四章　戀愛的悲劇

有人說(shuō)：有些勝利者，愿意敵手如虎，如鷹，他才感得勝利的歡喜；假使如羊，如小雞，他便反覺(jué)得勝利的無(wú)聊。又有些勝利者，當(dāng)克服一切之后，看見死的死了，降的降了，“臣誠(chéng)惶誠(chéng)恐死罪死罪”，他于是沒(méi)有了敵人，沒(méi)有了對(duì)手，沒(méi)有了朋友，只有自己在上，一個(gè)，孤另另，凄涼，寂寞，便反而感到了勝利的悲哀。然而我們的阿Q卻沒(méi)有這樣乏，他是永遠(yuǎn)得意的：這或者也是中國(guó)精神文明冠于全球的一個(gè)證據(jù)了。

看哪，他飄飄然的似乎要飛去了！

然而這一次的勝利，卻又使他有些異樣。他飄飄然的飛了大半天，飄進(jìn)土谷祠，照例應(yīng)該躺下便打鼾。誰(shuí)知道這一晚，他很不容易合眼，他覺(jué)得自己的大拇指和第二指有點(diǎn)古怪；仿佛比平?；佇?。不知道是小尼姑的臉上有一點(diǎn)滑膩的東西粘在他指上，還是他的指頭在小尼姑臉上磨得滑膩了？…

“斷子絕孫的阿Q！”

阿Q的耳朵里又聽到這句話。他想：不錯(cuò)，應(yīng)該有一個(gè)女人，斷子絕孫便沒(méi)有人供一碗飯，……應(yīng)該有一個(gè)女人。夫“不孝有三無(wú)后為大”，而“若敖之鬼餒而”，也是一件人生的大哀，所以他那思想，其實(shí)是樣樣合于圣經(jīng)賢傳的，只可惜后來(lái)有些“不能收其放心”了。

“女人，女人！……”他想。

“……和尚動(dòng)得……女人，女人！……女人！”他又想。

我們不能知道這晚上阿Q在什么時(shí)候才打鼾。但大約他從此總覺(jué)得指頭有些滑膩，所以他從此總有些飄飄然；“女……”他想。

From this we can see that woman is a menace to mankind.

The majority of Chinese men could become saints and sages， were it not for the unfortunate fact that they are ruined by women. The Shang Dynasty was destroyed by Da Ji， the Zhou Dynasty was undermined by Bao Si； as for the Qin Dynasty， although there is no historical evidence to that effect， if we assume that it fell on account of some woman we shall probably not be far wrong. And it is a fact that Dong Zhuo’s death was caused by Diao Chan.

Ah Q， too， was a man of strict morals to begin with. Although we do not know whether he was guided by some good teacher， he had always shown himself most scrupulous in observing “strict segregation of the sexes， ” and was righteous enough to denounce such heretics as the little nun and the Bogus Foreign Devil. His view was， “All nuns must carry on in secret with monks. If a woman walks alone on the street， she must want to seduce bad men. When a man and a woman talk together， it must be to arrange to meet.” In order to correct such people， he would glare furiously， pass loud，cutting remarks， or， if the place were deserted， throw a small stone from be-hind.

Who could tell that close on thirty， when a man should “stand firm，” he would lose his head like this over a little nun？ Such light-headedness， ac-cording to the classical canons， is most reprehensible； thus women certainly are hateful creatures. For if the little nun’s face had not been soft and smooth， Ah Q would not have been bewitched by her； nor would this have happened if the little nun’s face had been covered by a cloth. Five or six years before， when watching an open-air opera， he had pinched the leg of a woman in the audience； but because it was separated from him by the cloth of her trousers he had not had this light-headed feeling afterwards. The little nun had not covered her face， however， and this is another proof of the odi-ousness of the heretic.

“Woman...” thought Ah Q.

He kept a close watch on those women who he believed must “want to seduce men，” but they did not smile at him. He listened very carefully to those women who talked to him， but not one of them mentioned anything relevant to secret rendezvous. Ah！ This was simply another example of the odiousness of women： they all assumed a false modesty.

即此一端，我們便可以知道女人是害人的東西。

中國(guó)的男人，本來(lái)大半都可以做圣賢，可惜全被女人毀掉了。商是妲己鬧亡的；周是褒姒弄壞的；秦……雖然史無(wú)明文，我們也假定他因?yàn)榕?，大約未必十分錯(cuò)；而董卓可是的確給貂嬋害死了。

阿Q本來(lái)也是正人，我們雖然不知道他曾蒙什么明師指授過(guò)，但他對(duì)于“男女之大防”卻歷來(lái)非常嚴(yán)；也很有排斥異端——如小尼姑及假洋鬼子之類——的正氣。他的學(xué)說(shuō)是：凡尼姑，一定與和尚私通；一個(gè)女人在外面走，一定想引誘野男人；一男一女在那里講話，一定要有勾當(dāng)了。為懲治他們起見，所以他往往怒目而視，或者大聲說(shuō)幾句“誅心”話，或者在冷僻處，便從后面擲一塊小石頭。

誰(shuí)知道他將到“而立”之年，竟被小尼姑害得飄飄然了。這飄飄然的精神，在禮教上是不應(yīng)該有的，——所以女人真可惡，假使小尼姑的臉上不滑膩，阿Q便不至于被蠱，又假使小尼姑的臉上蓋一層布，阿Q便也不至于被蠱了，——他五六年前，曾在戲臺(tái)下的人叢中擰過(guò)一個(gè)女人的大腿，但因?yàn)楦粢粚友?，所以此后并不飄飄然，——而小尼姑并不然，這也足見異端之可惡。

“女……”阿Q想。

他對(duì)于以為“一定想引誘野男人”的女人，時(shí)常留心看，然而伊并不對(duì)他笑。他對(duì)于和他講話的女人，也時(shí)常留心聽，然而伊又并不提起關(guān)于什么勾當(dāng)?shù)脑拋?lái)。哦，這也是女人可惡之一節(jié)：伊們?nèi)家b“假正經(jīng)”的。

One day when Ah Q was grinding rice in Mr. Zhao’s house， he sat down in the kitchen after supper to smoke a pipe. If it had been anyone else’s house， he could have gone home after supper， but they dined early in the Zhao family. Although it was the rule that you must not light a lamp but go to bed after eating， there were occasional exceptions to the rule. Before Mr. Zhao’s son passed the county examination he was allowed to light a lamp to study the examination essays， and when Ah Q went to do odd jobs he was allowed to light a lamp to grind rice. Because of this latter exception to the rule， Ah Q still sat in the kitchen smoking before going on with his work.

When Amah Wu， the only maidservant in the Zhao household， had fin-ished washing the dishes， she sat down on the long bench too and started chatting to Ah Q：

“Our mistress hasn’t eaten anything for two days， because the master wants to get a concubine.... ”

“Woman ... Amah Wu ... this little widow，” thought Ah Q.

“Our young mistress is going to have a baby in the eighth moon.... ”

“Woman ...” thought Ah Q.

He put down his pipe and stood up.

“Our young mistress—” Amah Wu chattered on.

“Sleep with me！” Ah Q suddenly rushed forward and threw himself at her feet.

There was a moment of absolute silence.

“Aiya！” Dumbfounded for an instant， Amah Wu suddenly began to tremble， then rushed out shrieking and could soon be heard sobbing.

Ah Q kneeling opposite the wall was dumbfounded too. He grasped the empty bench with both hands and stood up slowly， dimly aware that some-thing was wrong. In fact， by this time he was in rather a nervous state himself. In a flurry， he stuck his pipe into his belt and decided to go back to grind rice. But—Bang！—a heavy blow landed on his head， and he spun round to see the successful county candidate standing before him brandish-ing a big bamboo pole.

這一天，阿Q在趙太爺家里舂了一天米，吃過(guò)晚飯，便坐在廚房里吸旱煙。倘在別家，吃過(guò)晚飯本可以回去的了，但趙府上晚飯?jiān)?，雖說(shuō)定例不準(zhǔn)掌燈，一吃完便睡覺(jué)，然而偶然也有一些例外：其一，是趙大爺未進(jìn)秀才的時(shí)候，準(zhǔn)其點(diǎn)燈讀文章；其二，便是阿Q來(lái)做短工的時(shí)候，準(zhǔn)其點(diǎn)燈舂米。因?yàn)檫@一條例外，所以阿Q在動(dòng)手舂米之前，還坐在廚房里吸旱煙。

吳媽，是趙太爺家里唯一的女仆，洗完了碗碟，也就在長(zhǎng)凳上坐下了，而且和阿Q談閑天：

“太太兩天沒(méi)有吃飯哩，因?yàn)槔蠣斠I一個(gè)小的……”

“女人……吳媽……這小孤孀……”阿Q想。

“我們的少奶奶是八月里要生孩子了……”

“女人……”阿Q想。

阿Q放下煙管，站了起來(lái)。

“我們的少奶奶……”吳媽還嘮叨說(shuō)。

“我和你困覺(jué)，我和你困覺(jué)！”阿Q忽然搶上去，對(duì)伊跪下了。

一剎時(shí)中很寂然。

“阿呀！”吳媽楞了一息，突然發(fā)抖，大叫著往外跑，且跑且嚷，似乎后來(lái)帶哭了。

阿Q對(duì)了墻壁跪著也發(fā)楞，于是兩手扶著空板凳，慢慢的站起來(lái)，仿佛覺(jué)得有些糟。他這時(shí)確也有些忐忑了，慌張的將煙管插在褲帶上，就想去舂米。蓬的一聲，頭上著了很粗的一下，他急忙回轉(zhuǎn)身去，那秀才便拿了一支大竹杠站在他面前。

“How dare you ... you ...”

The big bamboo pole came down across Ah Q’s shoulders. When he put up both hands to protect his head， the blow landed on his knuckles， causing him considerable pain. As he escaped through the kitchen door it seemed as if his back also received a blow.

“Turtle’s egg！” shouted the successful candidate， cursing him in man-darin from behind.

Ah Q fled to the hulling-floor where he stood alone， his knuckles still aching and still remembering that “Turtle’s egg！” because it was an expres-sion never used by the Weizhuang villagers but only by the rich who had seen something of official life. This made it the more alarming， the more im-pressive. By now， however， all thought of “Woman ...” had flown. After this cursing and beating it seemed as if something were done with， and quite light-heartedly he began to grind rice again. Soon this made him hot， and he stopped to take off his shirt.

While taking off his shirt he heard an uproar outside， and since Ah Q was all for excitement he went out in search of the sound. Step by step he traced into Mr. Zhao’s inner courtyard. Although it was dusk he could see many people there： all the Zhao family including the mistress who had not eaten for two days. In addition， their neighbour Mrs. Zou was there， as well as their relatives Zhao Baiyan and Zhao Sichen.

The young mistress was leadinng Amah Wu out of the servants’ quar-ters， saying as she did so：

“Come outside ... don’t stay brooding in your own room.”

“Everybody knows you are a good woman，” put in Mrs. Zou from the side. “You mustn’t think of committing suicide.”

Amah Wu merely wailed， muttering something inaudible.

“This is interesting，” thought Ah Q. “What mischief can this little widow be up to？” Wanting to find out， he was approaching Zhao Sichen when sud-denly he caught sight of Mr. Zhao’s eldest son rushing towards him with，what was worse， the big bamboo pole in his hand. The sight of this big bam-boo pole reminded him that he had been beaten by it， and he realized that apparently he was connected in some way all this excitement. He turned and ran， hoping to escape to the hulling-floor， not foreseeing that the bam-boo pole would cut off his retreat. When it did， he turned and ran in the other direction， leaving without further ado by the back gate. Soon he was back in the Tutelary God’s Temple.

“你反了，……你這……”

大竹杠又向他劈下來(lái)了。阿Q兩手去抱頭，拍的正打在指節(jié)上，這可很有一些痛。他沖出廚房門，仿佛背上又著了一下似的。

“忘八蛋！”秀才在后面用了官話這樣罵。

阿Q奔入舂米場(chǎng)，一個(gè)人站著，還覺(jué)得指頭痛，還記得“忘八蛋”，因?yàn)檫@話是未莊的鄉(xiāng)下人從來(lái)不用，專是見過(guò)官府的闊人用的，所以格外怕，而印象也格外深。但這時(shí)，他那“女……”的思想?yún)s也沒(méi)有了。而且打罵之后，似乎一件事也已經(jīng)收束，倒反覺(jué)得一無(wú)掛礙似的，便動(dòng)手去舂米。舂了一會(huì)，他熱起來(lái)了，又歇了手脫衣服。

脫下衣服的時(shí)候，他聽得外面很熱鬧，阿Q生平本來(lái)最愛看熱鬧，便即尋聲走出去了。尋聲漸漸的尋到趙太爺?shù)膬?nèi)院里，雖然在昏黃中，卻辨得出許多人，趙府一家連兩日不吃飯的太太也在內(nèi)，還有間壁的鄒七嫂，真正的本家的趙白眼，趙司晨。

少奶奶正拖著吳媽走出下房來(lái)，一面說(shuō)：

“你到外面來(lái)，……不要躲在自己房里想……”

“誰(shuí)不知道你正經(jīng)，……短見是萬(wàn)萬(wàn)尋不得的?！编u七嫂也從旁說(shuō)。

吳媽只是哭，夾些話，卻不甚聽得分明。

阿Q想：“哼，有趣，這小孤孀不知道鬧著什么玩意兒了？”他想打聽，走近趙司晨的身邊。這時(shí)他猛然間看見趙大爺向他奔來(lái)，而且手里捏著一支大竹杠。他看見這一支大竹杠，便猛然間悟到自己曾經(jīng)被打，和這一場(chǎng)熱鬧似乎有點(diǎn)相關(guān)。他翻身便走，想逃回舂米場(chǎng)，不圖這支竹杠阻了他的去路，于是他又翻身便走，自然而然的走出后門，不多工夫，已在土谷祠內(nèi)了。

After Ah Q had been sitting down for a time， he broke out in gooseflesh and felt cold， because although it was spring the nights were still chilly and not suited to bare backs. He remembered that he had left his shirt in the Zhaos’ house but was afraid that if he went to fetch it he might get another taste of the successful candidate’s bamboo pole.

Then the bailiff came in.

“Curse you， Ah Q！” said the bailiff. “So you can’t even keep your hands off the Zhao family servants， you rebel！ you’ve made me lost my sleep，damn it！ ...”

Under this torrent of abuse Ah Q naturally had nothing to say. Finally，since it was night-time， he had to pay the bailiff double： four hundred cash. Because he happened to have no ready money by him， he gave his felt hat as security， and agreed to the following five terms：

1. The next morning Ah Q must take a pair of red candles， weighing one pound each， and a bundle of incense sticks to the Zhao family to atone for his misdeeds.

2. Ah Q must pay for the Taoist priests whom the Zhao family had called to exorcize evil spirits.

3. Ah Q must never again set foot in the Zhao household.

4. If anything unfortunate should happen to Amah Wu， Ah Q must be held responsible.

5. Ah Q must not go back for his wages or shirt.

Ah Q naturally agreed to everything， but unfortunately he had no ready money. Luckily it was already spring， so it was possible to do without his padded quilt which he pawned for two thousand cash to comply with the terms stipulated. After kowtowing with bare back he still had a few cash left， but instead of using these to redeem his felt hat from the bailiff， he spent them all on drink.

阿Q坐了一會(huì)，皮膚有些起粟，他覺(jué)得冷了，因?yàn)殡m在春季，而夜間頗有余寒，尚不宜于赤膊，他也記得布衫留在趙家，但倘若去取，又深怕秀才的竹杠。然而地保進(jìn)來(lái)了。

“阿Q，你的媽媽的！你連趙家的用人都調(diào)戲起來(lái)，簡(jiǎn)直是造反。害得我晚上沒(méi)有覺(jué)睡，你的媽媽的！……”

如是云云的教訓(xùn)了一通，阿Q自然沒(méi)有話。臨末，因?yàn)樵谕砩?，?yīng)該送地保加倍酒錢四百文，阿Q正沒(méi)有現(xiàn)錢，便用一頂氈帽做抵押，并且訂定了五條件：

一 明天用紅燭——要一斤重的——一對(duì)，香一封，到趙府上去賠罪。

二 趙府上請(qǐng)道士祓除縊鬼，費(fèi)用由阿Q負(fù)擔(dān)。

三 阿Q從此不準(zhǔn)踏進(jìn)趙府的門檻。

四 吳媽此后倘有不測(cè)，惟阿Q是問(wèn)。

五 阿Q不準(zhǔn)再去索取工錢和布衫。

阿Q自然都答應(yīng)了，可惜沒(méi)有錢。幸而已經(jīng)春天，棉被可以無(wú)用，便質(zhì)了二千大錢，履行條約。赤膊磕頭之后，居然還剩幾文，他也不再贖氈帽，統(tǒng)統(tǒng)喝了酒了。但趙家也并不燒香點(diǎn)燭，因?yàn)樘莘鸬臅r(shí)候可以用，留著了。那破布衫是大半做了少奶奶八月間生下來(lái)的孩子的襯尿布，那小半破爛的便都做了吳媽的鞋底。