瘋狂英語口語絕招-語音突破經(jīng)典第15課
Savvy 14第十四招
Intonation Patterns 語調(diào)模式
1． Statements
陳述句
○1 Statements that convey neutral information: In these statements, simply drop your voice a bit at the end.
陳述客觀事實(shí)的陳述句：語調(diào)在句子的最后稍微下降。
She's my sister.
They're from Venezuela.
We're going to visit them.
He's here.
I have a dog.
It's beautiful.
We love it.
He's here, but she isn't.
I have a dog, and you have a cat.
She's my sister and he's my cousin.
When I see him, I'll tell him.
After you get here, have a cup of coffee
Before you start, take a deep breath.
Stockholm is the capital of Sweden.
Mrs. Parish is the head of the department.
Hurricanes and tornadoes are very destructive storms.
○2 Statement that conveys surprise, excitement, anger, fear, or other intense emotions: Your voice should still drop at the end but your voice should have a wider range than a neutral statements.
表達(dá)驚訝、激動、生氣、恐懼，或其它強(qiáng)烈情緒的陳述句：語調(diào)仍要在句子的最后稍微下降，但音域要比一般陳述句寬。
Amsterdam is one of the most beautiful cities I've ever seen!
I can't believe he actually said that to you!
We're never gonna finish this project on time!
○3 Commands: In a command, you tell someone to do something. In neutral commands, your voice should drop at the end, much like a neutral statement. But in polite commands, which usually start with could or would, your voice should be higher than a statement.
祈使句：祈使句用來告訴別人去做某事。普通祈使句就像普通陳述句一樣用降調(diào)。不過在比較客氣的祈使句中，聲調(diào)一般比陳述句高，這些祈使句通常由could或would開始。
Put the letter in the mailbox.
Bring me a cup of coffee.
Tell me where the bus stop is.
Could you please put this letter in the mailbox for me?
Would you bring me a cup of coffee please?
Could you please tell me where the bus stop is?
○4 Counting and Listing: Your voice should go up on each item until you reach the last one. On the last one, drop your voice.
點(diǎn)數(shù)和羅列：在這些句子中，除最后一項(xiàng)外，每一項(xiàng)聲調(diào)都上揚(yáng)。聲調(diào)在最后一項(xiàng)要降下來。
One, two, three, four, five.
Four hundred and thirty-seven, four hundred and thirty-eight, four hundred and thirty-nine, four hundred and forty.
I need shoes, socks, shirts, and pants.
He ate two hamburgers, french fries, and an ice cream cone.
She likes perfume, chocolates, flowers, and money.
2． Questions
問題
○1 Yes / No Questions: Your voice goes up at the end.
用Yes或No回答的一般疑問句：聲調(diào)在句尾上揚(yáng)。
Are you hungry?
Do you like ice cream?
Does she want to go swimming?
○2 Tag questions
反意問句
If you make a statement and add a question on the end of it, you're making a tag question.
反意疑問句就是前一部分是一個陳述句，后面再跟一個問題。
Tag questions that express confidence and seeks agreement or confirmation: Voice first drops then rises at the end.
表達(dá)自信，尋求肯定或證實(shí)的反意問句：先用降調(diào)，再用升調(diào)。
He's coming, isn't he?
You're a lawyer, aren't you?
My sister told you, didn't she?
You'll come to my party, won't you?
Tag questions indicating displeasure: Voice drops on both parts of the sentence.
表示不滿的反意問句：聲調(diào)在句子的兩部分都下降。
He's coming, isn't he?
You're a lawyer, aren't you?
My sister told you, didn't she?
You'll come to my party, won't you?
Tag question that expresses uncertainty: Voice drops first and then rises at the end.
表達(dá)不確定的反意疑問句：聲調(diào)先下降，在句尾上揚(yáng)。
It's snowing, isn't it?
The housekeeper left, didn't she?
○3 Information Questions: The voice generally drops at the end.
特殊疑問句：聲調(diào)在句尾處下降。
When are you going?
Who is the teacher?
Why are you crying?
Where did he go?
What time is it?
Where are you going?
How much is the movie?
Why don't you take the bus?
When does the show begin?
However, bringing the voice up on the end softens the tone and makes you sound less demanding, abrupt.
不過，如果你想你的話聽起來比較不生硬的話，聲調(diào)在句尾上揚(yáng)能使音調(diào)柔和些。
When does the show begin?
What time is it?
How much is the movie?
○4 Questions with suggested answer: Voice should drop at the end of first part and rises at the suggested answer.
設(shè)問句：聲調(diào)在問句第一部分的結(jié)尾下降和在暗示答案結(jié)尾上揚(yáng)。
When are you going, Friday?
Who is the teacher, Miss Smith?
Why are you crying, to make me feel bad?
Where did he go, to the movies?
The answers to this type of questions have their own pattern.
這類問題的答案也有獨(dú)特的語調(diào)模式。
Yes. Friday.
No. Miss Jones.
No. I can't help it.
Yes. To the movies.
○5 Questions indicating annoyance: Voice up on the end.
表示惱怒的問題：聲調(diào)在句尾上揚(yáng)。
Why do you ask?
When is he coming?
Where did you hear that?
Who did this to you?
○6 Questions offering a choice: If the question requires a "yes" or "no" answer, voice should go up on the last option. If the question is offering a limited choice, voice goes up on the first choice and down on the second.
選擇性疑問句：如果是一般疑問句，聲調(diào)在最后一個選擇上揚(yáng)?？墒?，如果你提供的選擇有限，聲調(diào)在第一個選擇處上揚(yáng)，在第二個選擇下降。
Would you like potatoes or carrots?
No, I would rather have fruit.
Are you unhappy or uncomfortable?
No, I feel just fine.
Will he eat ice cream or cake?
Yes, he probably will. But he should be on a diet.
Would you like a drink or something?
Yes, please, I'm thirsty.
Would you like potatoes or carrots?
I would like carrots.
Are you unhappy or uncomfortable?
I'm unhappy.
Will he eat ice cream or cake?
He'll have cake.
○7 If you're checking for information or need something repeated, your voice should go up at the end, just as it does for yes/no questions.
如果你想核對一些事情或需要某些東西被重復(fù)的話，你的聲調(diào)應(yīng)該在句尾上揚(yáng)，就跟用Yes或No回答的一般疑問句一樣。
It's going to be over 100 today. How hot is it going to be?
I'm getting my hair cut today. What are you going to do?
○8 When you repeat a question someone else asked you, your voice should go up on the end also.
當(dāng)你在重復(fù)別人問你的話時(shí)，你的聲調(diào)也應(yīng)在句尾上揚(yáng)。
What are you doing?
What am I doing? I'm reading.
○9 It's possible to make a question out of a statement by raising your voice on the end of the sentence.
有時(shí)候，可以在句尾用升調(diào)把一個陳述句變成一個疑問句。
It's two o'clock already?
Dinner's ready?
3． Greetings
問候語
How many different ways can you say Good morning?
你能想出多少種方法來說Good morning？
Good morning. (Cheerful)
Good morning. (Bored)
Good morning. (Demanding)
Good morning.
Good afternoon.
Good evening.
Good night.
Hello.
Hi.
Excuse me.
Take care.
Be careful.
Drive safely.
Say hello to your mother.
Goodbye.
Bye.
Thank you.
You're welcome.
See you later.
Good morning, Bill.
Good evening, Miss Jones.
Be careful, Emily.
Say hello to your mother, John.
