Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on urban traffic jams based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then explain the reasons for urban traffic jams and make your proposals about handling the problems . You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
審題立意
1. 導(dǎo)語解讀:要求考生簡要描述圖畫內(nèi)容,解釋造成擁堵的原因,并提出解決方案。
2. 漫畫解讀:圖片上畫了一個(gè)擁堵的路口:眾多車輛擁堵在一個(gè)信號(hào)燈周圍,導(dǎo)致它們被擁擠變形。司機(jī)不遵守交通規(guī)則,比如在禁止通行的道路行車,隨便掉頭等。
3. 文章立意:交通擁堵是現(xiàn)在城市發(fā)展中的一個(gè)突出問題。造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因有很多種,要解決這一問題,除了采取適當(dāng)?shù)拇胧┲猓鰪?qiáng)司機(jī)的交通守法意識(shí)也很重要。
寫作思路
1. 第一段簡要描述漫畫內(nèi)容,突出擁堵問題的嚴(yán)重性。
2. 第二段通過舉例、對(duì)比等論證方式闡述造成現(xiàn)代城市交通擁堵的原因,既有客觀因素,也有主觀因素。
3. 第三段針對(duì)問題的原因提出解決辦法,客觀因素通過科技等方法解決,主觀因素通過增強(qiáng)意識(shí)來解決。
參考范文
How terrible the traffic is! The picture depicts a scenario of a terrible traffic jam in the street. There are so many cars congesting around the traffic light that they are squeezed out of shape. In fact, it is more like a parking lot than a street here. 1
Exaggerated as it is, the phenomenon is not uncommon nowadays. 2 Objective factors that contribute to traffic jams in metropolis include a large volume of vehicles, a sharp increase in new cars and relatively slow expansion of roads, unreasonable layout of the city and poor traffic management, etc. 3 Compared with the objective factors, subjective factors need to be paid more attention to. 4 After a careful observation, you will see most of the car drivers in the picture have not obeyed the traffic regulations. 3
To alleviate traffic jams, some measures need to be taken. 5 One way is to develop a fast and efficient public transport system, such as urban railways, commuting buses, bicycles, etc. Another way is for employers to adopt flexi-time, which lets employees avoid the rush-hour traffic. Still another way is to enhance drivers’ and other citizens’ traffic awareness. Only by joint efforts can the problem of urban traffic congestion be solved gradually. 6
多么糟的交通狀況!這幅漫畫描述了街上糟糕的交通堵塞場景。眾多車輛擁堵在交通信號(hào)燈周圍,以至于它們被擠壓變形了。實(shí)際上,這里與其說是一條街道,還不如說是一個(gè)停車場。
雖然這幅圖有點(diǎn)夸張,但是這種現(xiàn)象在今天并不罕見。造成大城市交通堵塞的客觀因素包括巨大的汽車保有量、新車數(shù)量的劇增、道路擴(kuò)展的相對(duì)落后、不合理的城市規(guī)劃和落后的交通管理等。與這些客觀因素相比,主觀因素更不容忽視。仔細(xì)觀察就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn),圖畫中大部分司機(jī)都沒有遵守交通規(guī)則。
為了緩解交通堵塞,我們需要采取一些措施。一種方法是發(fā)展快速有效的公共交通系統(tǒng),比如城鐵、通勤班車、自行車等。另一種方法是雇主們可以采取彈性工作時(shí)間制,這樣員工就可以避免在上下班高峰期出行。還有一種方法是增強(qiáng)司機(jī)和市民的交通意識(shí)。只有共同努力,城市交通擁堵問題才能逐漸得到解決。
范文點(diǎn)評(píng)
1. 開篇描述圖片的內(nèi)容,通過比喻句的使用突出城市交通堵塞問題的嚴(yán)重性。
2. 自然過渡,引出下文對(duì)城市交通擁堵的原因分析,緊扣作文話題。
3. 從客觀和主觀兩個(gè)方面分析造成交通擁堵的原因,條理清晰。
4. 采用對(duì)比論證,恰如其分,同時(shí)也體現(xiàn)了論證方法的多樣性。
5. 針對(duì)原因,提出三種緩解交通擁堵的方法,方法切實(shí)可行。
6. 末句總結(jié)全文,重申觀點(diǎn),指出只有通過共同努力才能解決交通堵塞問題。
要點(diǎn)用法
scenario n. 場景
congest v. 充滿;擁擠
squeeze v. 擠壓
exaggerated adj. 夸張的
contribute to 促成
traffic jams 交通堵塞
metropolis n. 大都市
traffic regulations 交通規(guī)則
alleviate v. 減輕,緩和
commuting bus 通勤車
flexi-time 彈性工作制
句法點(diǎn)評(píng)
1. How terrible the traffic is!
首句采用感嘆句,起到了吸引讀者注意力的作用,且突出了問題的嚴(yán)重性。
2. Exaggerated as it is, the phenomenon is not uncommon nowadays.
該復(fù)合句的從句使用了倒裝句句式,結(jié)構(gòu)靈活多變;主句使用雙重否定句,在增強(qiáng)語氣的同時(shí),豐富了句式結(jié)構(gòu)。