3個(gè)月攻下雅思寫作高分城池
1. 概念的錯(cuò)誤
在寫作中，有類詞語(yǔ)表面上看似乎是對(duì)的,但實(shí)際上卻沒有表達(dá)出你想要表達(dá)的意思,有時(shí)恰恰適得其反。用這類詞語(yǔ)寫成的英語(yǔ)句子常常引起誤解。
?、?(誤)When we go into society after graduation, we will encounter many difficulties.
(正)When we start to work after graduation, we will encounter many difficulties.
“go into society”沒有漢語(yǔ)“進(jìn)入社會(huì)”的含義。在西方,它是指一個(gè)人到一定的年齡可以開始社會(huì)交往,如結(jié)交異性朋友,進(jìn)入某些社交或公共場(chǎng)所等。而漢語(yǔ)“進(jìn)入社會(huì)”一般指學(xué)生中學(xué)或大學(xué)畢業(yè)后參加工作。
?、?(誤)Left alone in the jungle at night ,she felt very dangerous.
(正)Left alone in the jungle at night, she felt t hat she was in great danger.
“dangerous”與作者要表達(dá)的意思完全相反。說(shuō)某人dangerous,實(shí)際上是說(shuō)他在某一方面對(duì)某人構(gòu)成危脅,而不是處于危險(xiǎn)的境地。這個(gè)詞用錯(cuò),意思就完全變了。原意是“她”感到處于危險(xiǎn)中。
2、搭配不當(dāng)
用詞搭配是我國(guó)學(xué)生學(xué)英語(yǔ)最感棘手的地方,在雅思寫作中，這種錯(cuò)誤也是經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的，所以希望大家引起重視，因?yàn)橹形睦锏哪承┰~語(yǔ)在不同的語(yǔ)境里,英語(yǔ)有不同的說(shuō)法,而這些說(shuō)法是約定俗成的,完全是習(xí)慣用法所致,我們稍有不慎,便會(huì)犯錯(cuò)?，F(xiàn)舉一些考生在考試中常犯的錯(cuò)誤:
?、?(誤)At college, we should learn as much knowledge as possible so t hat we can be well prepared for our future career.
(正)At college, we should acquire as much knowledge as possible so t hat we can be well prepared for our future career.
“學(xué)習(xí)知識(shí)”是學(xué)生寫作時(shí)經(jīng)常用到的詞組,但不少學(xué)生都寫成learn knowledge,實(shí)際上knowledge是不能與learn搭配的,只能與acquire,obtain,absorb,accumulate ,develop,advance,gain,broaden ,enlarge,impart,derive ，deepen, brush up, digest 等詞搭配使用。
?、?(誤)In July, they will take part in the final term examinations.
(正)In July, they will take t he final term examinations.
“examination”或“test”不能與“take part in”搭配使用,但可以和attend, have, sit for
,conduct, enter for, get through, pass, fail等詞語(yǔ)用在一起。
3、用詞累贅
由于對(duì)某些詞和詞組的意思缺乏真正的理解或把要表達(dá)的意思先用中文想好,然后逐字翻譯成英語(yǔ),造成累贅。例如:
?、?(誤)In my opinion, I think t he production and sale of fake commodities should be
banned.
(正)I think t he production and sale of fake commodities should be banned.
in my opinion與I think意思完全相同,可以刪去其中的一個(gè)。
?、?(誤)Scientists are trying to find a solution to solve t he problem of energy shortage .
(正)Scientist s are trying to find a solution to t he problem of energy shortage.
一個(gè)詞與它的派生詞一起出現(xiàn),造成意思重復(fù),給人以累贅的感覺,改正后的句子變得簡(jiǎn)潔多了。
?、?(誤)Waste gas is t he main cause which leads to air pollution .
(正)Waste gas is t he main cause of air pollution.
cause和lead to都表原因,同時(shí)使用造成意思重復(fù)。
4、逗號(hào)連接錯(cuò)誤。
中國(guó)學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)寫作中常常單獨(dú)使用逗號(hào)而不用句號(hào)、分號(hào)、冒號(hào)或連結(jié)詞來(lái)連接兩個(gè)或幾個(gè)獨(dú)立的分句。例如:
?、?(誤)The weather was fine, we decided to climb t he mountain.
(正)As the weather was fine, we decided to climb t he mountain.
② (誤)The [wv]prospects[/vw] are bright, the road has twists and turns.
(正)While t he prospects are bright, the road has twists and turns.
上面兩個(gè)標(biāo)有誤的句子在語(yǔ)法上沒有錯(cuò)誤,它錯(cuò)就錯(cuò)在逗號(hào)的使用不當(dāng)。錯(cuò)誤的根源是學(xué)生受漢語(yǔ)寫作習(xí)慣的影響,把漢語(yǔ)逗號(hào)的作用等同于英語(yǔ)逗號(hào)的作用。在漢語(yǔ)中,逗號(hào)可以單獨(dú)使用在并列分句之間。
(1)變成兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句:
The wind was blow ing very hard. They couldn’t go boating on t he lake.
(2)變成并列句,用逗號(hào)加并列連接:
The wind was blowing very hard they couldn’t go boating on t he lake.
(3)變成并列句,用分號(hào)連接:
The wind was blowing very hard; couldn’t go boating on t he lake.
(4)變成并列句,用分號(hào)加連接性副連接:
The wind was blowing very hard ,therefore, they couldn’t go boating on lake.
(5)變成并列句,有時(shí)也可以用冒接,這時(shí)第二個(gè)分句解釋說(shuō)明第一個(gè)分句
They couldn’t go boating on the lake; the wind was blowing very hard.
(6)變成復(fù)合句:
As the wind was blowing very hard they couldn’t go boating on t he lake.
(7)用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)改寫句子:
The wind blowing very hard, they couldn’t go boating on t he lake.
如果大家在詞匯和語(yǔ)法有一定累積的基礎(chǔ)上，再避免出現(xiàn)中式英語(yǔ)的東西，加上觀點(diǎn)的正確性，我想那些基礎(chǔ)差的考生想拿到寫作六分，應(yīng)該可以如愿以償?shù)?。最后祝愿大家在新的一年里，能夠順利通過(guò)雅思考試，拿到心中的分?jǐn)?shù)。
