Listen To This3lesson 2
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News in Brief
News Item 1:
1. General Comprehension. Complete the following sentence to provide a summary for this news item.
Iran's official news agency said today Robert McFarlane and were in Tehran for .
2. Focusing on Details. Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements according to what you have heard.
(1) Robert McFarlane is the .
(2) According to the speaker of Iran's parliament, the group sent by President Reagan were disguised as .
(3) They carried with them .
(4) The presents were designed for .
News Item 2:
1. General Comprehension. Complete the following sentence to provide a summary for this news item.
Published reports said that as a result of between and .
2. Focusing on Details. Fill in the detailed information according to what you have heard.
(1) Anglican Church envoy Terry Waite said he didn't want to on political .
(2) Terry Waite said he may know within if he will be Beirut to .
News Item 3:
1. General Comprehension. Complete the following sentences.
(1) Jacobsen today.
(2) His joy could not be complete until .
2. Complete the following sentence with "need(s)" or "needn't" and supply other words when necessary.
Colonel Charles Moffitt said
a. Jacobsen with people because he hasn't been able to do that, and
b. Jacobsen , since he is in good health.
News Item 4:
1. General Comprehension. Complete the following sentence to provide a summary for this news item.
One of the big questions in this election is after today's voting.
2. Focusing on Details. Fill in the detailed information according to what you have heard.
Voters are choosing members of the Congress, and all four hundred thirty-five members of the .
News in Detail
1. Focusing on Details. Supply the information, from what you have heard, about the US envoys.
(1) The visiting Americans
a. carry passports;
b. bring a Bible and cake which was of US-Iran ;
c. were confined to for five days and later after Khomeini advised Iranian officials or .
(2) One of the US envoys
a. looks exactly like President Reagan's ;
b. is also a frequent for .
2. Supply the information, from what you have heard, about the Iranians.
(1) Rafsanjani
a. announces that Iran will in Lebanon, in other words, to free US and French hostages if , and if the American and French governments to the revolutionary government of Iran;
b. claims that Iranian officials have a between and ;
c. describes the visit by the American emissaries as .
(2) Iran
holds a ceremony marking the anniversary of .
3. Supply the information, from what you have heard, about the US government.
The White House
a. says that it would neither nor the reports;
b. believes that comments might the efforts .
Special Report
1. General Comprehension. Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements according to what you have heard.
(1) is in common among the fundamentalist religious groups.
(2) The fundamentalist religious group of Community is concerned in this story. It is near , .
(3) The two members served because they had beaten their to death.
(4) Their leader was also indicted for her in the death of the child.
2. Complete the genealogical chart about the two families.
a. Green
Father:
Mother:
Son:
b. McLellan
Father:
Mother:
Grandson:
3. Choose the best answer (a, b, c, or d) to complete each of the following sentences.
(1) The boy died ____________.
a. in November, 1982
b. in October, 1982
c. two years ago
d. four years ago
(2) The son of Stewart Green died after a paddling session that lasted for ___________.
a. two hours
b. four hours
c. six hours
d. eight hours
(3) The parents served their jail terms ____________.
a. at the same time
b. in two different prisons
c. the wife first and then the husband
d. the husband first and then the wife
(4) The Stonegate members were taught that a padding session should continue until the child ___________.
a. begins to cry
b. is beaten to death
c. is beaten to death
d. admits his mistake
(5) Stewart and Leslie now ____________.
a. have left the Stonegate
b. stay in the Stonegate Community
c. work for an accounting firm
d. believe that their religious belief is responsible for the death of their son
4. Fill in the details about the pledge of secrecy that the Stonegate members joined in.
(1) The circumstances of the death of the child would .
(2) The death would .
5. Fill in the detailed information according to what you have heard.
(1) The Stonegate members lived of town, families living and working together. They did some , some and for a time in Charleston. It was their to become of a and of a , with the families living in on the property.
(2) Green now believes that his son died because of and . Green also that a spanking of , Danny, had occurred Joey Green's death.
(3) The McLellans had been young people who , usually with .
1. Iran
Islamic Republic of Iran locates in southwest Asia, formerly known as Persia, and lies between the Caspian Sea to the north, and the Persian Gulf to the south. It covers an area of 636,293 square miles, with Tehran as its capital. It has a population of 50.4 million people, ninety-three percent of which are Shi'ite Moslems. In general, the country is a plateau averaging 4,000 feet in elevation. There are also maritime lowlands along the Persian Gulf and the Caspian Sea.
2. US Congress
National legislature of the USA, consisting of a House of Representatives (435 members, apportioned to the states of the Union on the basis of population, and elected for two-year terms) and the Senate (100 Senators, two for each state, elected for six years, one third elected every two years). Both representatives and senators are elected by direct popular vote. Congress meets at Washington in the Capitol. Members of both houses receive an annual salary of $42,500.
3. Tehran
The capital and largest city of Iran. It is located at the base of Elburz Mountains ninety-six kilometers south of the Caspian Sea. It has a population of 6,037,658 (1988), and is the political as well as the major commercial center of the country. In 1943, Tehran was the scene of the first meeting between Stalin, Roosevelt and Churchill.
4. National Security Adviser
An office created by President Eisenhower in 1953, almost as a "clerical post," but which became of greater stature when held by McGeorge Bundy from 1961 to 1966, and Walt Rostow from 1966 to 1969. With the appointment of Kissenger 1969??1975, it rivalled that of Secretary of State, an office itself taken over by Kissenger 1973??1977. Brzezinski, appointed in 1977, exceeded Secretary of State Vance in influence on Carter, and Vance resigned in 1980. In 1981 Reagan appointed Richard Allen.
1. Ayatollah Khomeini
Ayatollah Ruholla (Mussaui) Khomeini (1900??1989) was Iranian Shi'ite Moslem leader. Born in Khomein, central Iran, he opposed the Shah's social and economic programme and was exiled from Iran in 1964. He returned when the Shah left the country in 1979, and established an Islamic republic of a fundamentalist type.
2. Seizure of the American Embassy in Tehran
On November 3, 1979, militant student followers of Ayatollah Khomeini seized the American Embassy in Tehran, Iran and took some ninety people, including sixty-three Americans as hostages. The students demanded the return of former Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, who was undergoing medical treatment in New York City. On January 20, 1981 the hostages were set free following an agreement in which the US agreed to return to Iran $8 billion in frozen assets.
1. fundamentalist
A person who believes in fundamentalism, a name given to a religious movement which arose in the USA just after World War II and was characterized by insistence on complete belief in the literal inspiration of the Bible and such doctrines as the Virgin Birth, the physical resurrection of Christ, the Atonement, and the Bible miracles which were regarded as fundamental to the Christian faith. In 1925, fundamentalism was publicized by the "Dayton Trial" in which John T. Scopes, a science teacher at high school, was accused of teaching, contrary to a law of the state, that "man is descended from the lower animals."
2. Charleston
Capital city of West Virginia, USA, on the Kanawha River. It is the center of a district producing coal and natural gas. Its population was estimated as 71,505 in 1970.
3. West Virginia
Nicknamed as Mountain State, West Virginia is located in the east of the United States. The Ohio, Monongahela, and the two Kanawhas are the chief rivers, while the Alleghenies run southwest through the state. The hilly country provides fruit, poultry and dairy products, and is rich in hardwood forests. Its natural resources include coal, natural gas and petroleum. It occupies an area of 62,468 square miles, with Charleston as its state capital. The state motto is "Mountaineers are always free."
There were published reports in the Middle East that hostage David Jacobsen was freed as a result of negotiations between the United States and Iran. Asked about that today, Anglican Church envoy Terry Waite said that he didn't want to comment on the political dynamics. But Waite said he may know within the next twenty-four hours from his contacts if he will be returning to Beirut to negotiate the release of more hostages.
Jacobsen was reunited with his family today, but again said his joy could not be complete until the other hostages are freed. He appeared on the hospital balcony with his family and talked with reporters. Hospital director Colonel Charles Moffitt says Jacobsen needs to communicate with people now. "He likes to talk, whether that be to a group of press or to individual physicians. Once you get him started on a subject, he wants to talk because he hasn't been able to do that." Moffitt says Jacobsen is in good health and will not need followup medical care.
A low to moderate turnout is reported across the nation so far on this election day. Voters are choosing members of the one hundredth Congress, thirty-four senators and all four hundred thirty-five members of the US House of Representatives. One of the big questions is which Party will control the Senate after today's voting.
President Reagan's former National Security Advisor, Robert McFarlane, and four other Americans may have visited Tehran recently on a secret diplomatic mission. Today, on the seventh anniversary of the seizure of the US embassy in Tehran, Iran Speaker of the Parliament said the visiting Americans were held for five days before being expelled from the country. NPR was unable to reach Mr. McFarlane today for comment and the White House says that it can neither confirm nor deny the story. NPR's Elizabeth Colton reports.
Today in Tehran, Speaker of the Parliament, Hashami Rafsanjani took the occasion to tell a rally that President Reagan had recently sent personal envoys to Iran, calling for improvement of relations. In response to the American overtures, Rafsanjani announced that Iran will advise its friends in Lebanon, in other words the hostage takers, to free US and French hostages if Israel frees Lebanese prisoners, and if the American and French governments end their hostility to the revolutionary government of Iran. Rafsanjani then reportedly described for the tens of thousands outside his parliament, the visit of the five American emissaries. The Iranian said they flew in, posing as the flight crew of a plane bringing American military spare parts to Iran from Europe. The US envoys reportedly carried Irish passports, now said to be held by Iranian officials. And one of the men called himself McFarlane. And according to Rafsanjani, he looked exactly like President Reagan's former National Security Advisor. Rafsanjani claimed that Iranian security officials also have a tape of telephone conversations between the American President and his envoys, The Iranian cleric, Rafsanjani, said the five men were confined to a hotel for five days and later deported after Ayatollah Khomeini advised Iranian officials not to meet them or receive their message. Rafsanjani said the Americans had brought a Bible signed by President Reagan and a key-shaped cake which they said was the symbol of the hope of reopening US-Iran relations. In Tehran today, at the ceremony marking the anniversary of the seizure of the American embassy, Parliamentary Speaker Rafsanjani described the visit by the American emissaries as a sign of Washington's helplessness. The White House said it would neither confirm nor deny the reports, because according to the press office, there are certain matters pertaining to efforts to try to release the hostages, and comments might jeopardize them. Robert McFarlane, who was also a frequent political commentator for NPR's morning edition, has been unavailable for comment. I am Elizabeth Colton in Washington.
Over the last few years and around the country, the number of fundamentalist religious groups is said to be growing. Some are called "ultra-fundamentalist" groups. The estimates varied greatly. The number could be as high as two thousand. These organizations have different purposes and beliefs, but usually have one thing in common—strong leadership, quite often one person. Four years ago in October at a fundamentalist Christian commune in West Virginia, a young boy died after a paddling session that lasted for two hours. The child was spanked by his parents. He had hit another child and refused to say he was sorry. We reported the story of that paddling—the story of the Stonegate Community in November of 1982. Since that time, Stonegate leader has been tried and convicted, one of the first times a leader of a religious group has been held responsible for the actions of a member. Also in that time the parents of the child have served jail terms, and now they have agreed to tell their story.
The Stonegate Commune was near Charleston, West Virginia, in the northeast corner of the state. It's mostly farming country. The Stonegate members lived outside of town in an old white Victorian house, overlooking the Shenandoah River, eight young families living and working together. They did some farming, some construction work and for a time ran a restaurant in Charleston. It was their intention to become less of a commune and more of a community, with the families living in separate houses on the property. We went to Stonegate on a Sunday evening in November of 1982. We were reluctantly welcomed. Less than a month before, two Stonegate members had been indicted for involuntary manslaughter. They were the parents of Joseph Green, who was two years old when he died. On this night many of the Stonegate people were defensive, almost angry.
That was four years ago. The parents, Stewart and Leslie Green, were convicted of involuntary manslaughter and both spent a year in jail. First Stewart, then Leslie. Then in a separate legal action, the leader of the Stonegate commune, Dorothy McLellan was also indicted. McLellan did not take part in the paddling but she was found guilty of involuntary manslaughter and conspiracy in the death of Joey Green. Stewart Green, the father, testified against Dorothy McLellan. Green now believes that his son died because of McLellan's teachings and influence. He explained in court that the Stonegate members were taught that a paddling session should continue until the child apologizes. Green also testified that a four-hour spanking of Dorothy McLellan's grandson, Danny, had occurred two weeks before Joey Green's death. He also said the Stonegate members, when Joey died, joined in a pledge of secrecy: the circumstances would be covered up; the death would be called an accident. They were afraid all the Stonegate children would be taken away. Joey's parents at first agreed to this. It was later that they spoke out against what they called then a conspiracy of silence. Both Stewart and Leslie Green grew up and married within the Stonegate community. Leslie was only fifteen when she came to the Stonegate. They lived with several other teenagers in the home of Dorothy and John McLellan. The McLellans had been taking in young people who were having trouble, usually with drugs. They wanted to use their marriage as an example of Christian family life. John McLellan worked for an accounting firm, traveling during the week, Dot McLellan staying at home, taking care of more and more teenagers. The Greens are now living in their first real home together, an apartment in Baltimore. Stewart left the Stonegate, and Leslie joined him as soon as she got out of jail. The Greens have now agreed to talk about their lives at Stonegate and about the paddling of their son.
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