Listen To This3lesson 5
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News in Brief
News Item 1:
1. General Comprehension. Choose the best answer (a, b, c, or d) to complete each of the following statements.
(1) The House had a debate today on a bill about ______________.
a. traffic problem
b. illegal use of drugs
c. use of illegal drugs
d. drug smuggling
(2) The measure has been supported by ________________.
a. most House representatives
b. the House Speaker
c. representatives from most drug producing countries
d. the US President
(3) The bill _______________.
a. has passed today
b. will pass tomorrow
c. is expected to pass today
d. is expected to pass tomorrow
(4) The bill would require drug producing countries ______________.
a. to provide money for development loans
b. to provide money to increase coast guard personnel
c. to establish eradication programs
d. to reduce their production of drugs
2. Spot dictation. Listen to the tape again and fill in the following blanks.
Among other things, the bill would increase for , provide money to increase and , and require drug producing countries to as a of US .
News Item 2:
1. General Comprehension. Choose the best answer (a, b, c, or d) to complete the following statement.
A cultural exchange may face an American boycott unless ___________.
a. Nicholas Daniloff remains in jail
b. Nicholas Daniloff is freed from a Moscow jail
c. Nicholas Daniloff is allowed to participate in the meeting
d. President Reagan promises to set Daniloff free
2. Focusing on Details. Provide information about Nicholas Daniloff.
Nationality:
Occupation:
Employer:
Present Address: detained in
3. Provide information about the cultural exchange.
Time:
Place: , USSR
Countries involved:
Numbers of US delegates:
4. Complete the following statement according to what you have heard on the tape.
They add is a one and is not being made by in for the Daniloff .
News Item 3:
Complete the following chart.
Countries involved:
Agreement reached:
a. resolving
b. clearing
Date of the summit:
Place of the summit:
Participating officials:
a.
b.
News in Detail
1. Choose the best answer (a, b, c, or d) to complete each of the following statements.
(1) _____________ were stung by criticism that they were acting in a partisan fashion.
a. The Democrats
b. The Republicans
c. The party leaders
d. Members of the US House of Representatives
(2) The Democratic leaders invited the Republicans to join them in ____________.
a. twelve different committees
b. the newly declared war on drugs
c. drafting a drug package
d. pushing the omnibus drug bill
2. Spot Dictation. Listen to the speech by Jim Wright and fill in the following blanks.
It's time to declare , to mobilize our forces, , , in a total coordinated assault upon , which is of some dollars this year, slowly the fabric of our society, and killing our young. That it will is hardly debatable. We can't fight with spitballs.
3. Choose the best answer (a, b, c, or d) to complete each of the following statements.
(1) The question of how much this measure will cost has been answered to the satisfaction of ___________.
a. the Democrats
b. the Republicans
c. all the members
d. some members
(2) Democrats claim the cost will reach ______________ over a period of three years.
a. seven hundred thousand dollars
b. one and half billion dollars
c. several hundred thousand dollars
d. two hundred and thirty billion dollars
4. Mark the part which is not mentioned by Robert Michel in his speech.
(1) The ultimate cure for the drug epidemic must come from within the heart of each individual faced with the temptation of taking drugs and selling drugs for a profit.
Answer:
(2) It is ultimately a problem of character, of will power, of endurance.
Answer:
5. Complete the following list according to what you have heard on the tape.
The bill
a. increases penalties for most ,
b. sets the minimum of twenty years for ,
c. authorizes money for the ,
d. beefs up the ability of the and to stop ,
e. creates programs for .
6. Fill in the blanks with information about Barbara McCulsky.
(1) Barbara McCulsky was nominated for yesterday.
(2) Today she spoke to the part of the bill which .
(3) She compared the swamps to the places where is either , or .
(4) She implied the section should attack the places such as swamps.
7. Write a summary for the situation that Henson Moore described in his speech.
8. Identification. Match each item in Column I with one item in Column II by recognizing the person's political affiliation.
Column I Column II
(1) Jim Wright a. Maryland Democrat
(2) Henson Moore b. Texas Democrat
(3) Tip O'Neil c. Louisiana Republican
(4) Robert Michel d. House Speaker
(5) Barbara McCulsky e. Minority leader
Answer: (1) ?? ; (2) ?? ; (3) ?? ; (4) ?? ; (5) ?? .
Special Report
1. Choose the best answer (a, b, c, or d) to complete each of the following statements.
(1) The Johns Hopkins University-Nanjing University Center enrolls ____________.
a. Chinese students only
b. American students only
c. both Chinese and American students
d. students from all over the world
(2) Finally it was decided to have a flat floor for the auditorium because it will be better for _____________.
a. dances
b. lectures
c. films and slides
d. all purposes
2. Spot Dictation. Listen to the tape again and fill in the following blanks.
(1) Americans and Chinese of are students at the Hopkins-Nanjing Center.
(2) The Americans will take classes in , , , , all from .
(3) The Chinese will study with .
(4) All the Chinese students are ; all the Americans have plus .
3. True or False Questions.
(1) The first group of American students come from about eighteen colleges and universities.
(2) The Center is the right place to go if one wants to study for a doctoral degree in Chinese history, Chinese language, or Chinese literature.
(3) The men and women who attend the Nanjing Center will probably end up as diplomats or business people in one another's country.
4. Fill in the blanks to complete the following statements.
(1) American organizers hope that American students in the Center will not only have the experience of , having and in for one year, but also make with Chinese students roughly their own who are going to be the United States in the future.
(2) According to Stephen Muller, the simple exchange program is to ask to come to and at the same time to send to .
(3) The simple exchange program would involve far than running jointly an on foreign soil.
(4) The joint venture is unpredictable because it depends on various unpredictable things, such as and .
(5) It is easy to denounce the Center as an organization simply because some of the participants in the Center will come from or afterwards .
1. US News and World Report
A weekly news magazine published in Washington, D.C., one of the most influential of its kind and the first to successfully imitate the general format pioneered by Time. It was established in 1933 by David Lawrence as US News. In 1945 Lawrence founded World Report and the two merged in 1948. From its start, US News & World Report had an editorial viewpoint somewhat more conservative than its larger rivals, Time and Newsweek, and unlike them it paid scant attention to sports and the arts, except as they might pertain to developing major news stories.
2. Latvia
One of the Soviet Socialist Republics of USSR. It lies on the Baltic between Lithuania to the south, and Estonia to the north. Latvia is low-lying and watered by many rivers, for instance, the Daugava, and there are numerous lakes. Formerly dependent on agriculture and forestry, Latvia has become predominantly industrial since the Second World War and produces electric railway rolling stock, telephone equipment and radios, steel and rolled metal, fertilizers, paper, textiles and cement. Riga is its capital.
3. Taba border dispute
It refers to the border dispute between Egypt and Israel. The Taba beach strip is on the Sinai shore of the Gulf of Aqaba. It was occupied by Israel after its Six Day War with Egypt, Syria and Jordan in 1967. After the conclusion of an Israeli-Egyptian peace treaty in 1979, Israel gradually withdrew from the Sinai Peninsula, a process completed in 1982 except for Taba. In 1988 the International Court of Justice arbitrated over the Taba beach strip in favor of Egypt. And this arbitration was not accepted wholeheartedly by Israel.
4. Hosni Mubarak
President of Egypt, who succeeded to the post following the assassination of Anwar el-Sadat on October 6, 1981. When he went into office, he immediately reaffirmed Egypt's commitment to the Camp David accords and to continuing the dialogue with Israel in search of peace in the Middle East.
5. Shimon Peres
Israeli political leader. He was born in Poland on August 16, 1923, and moved with his family to Palestine in 1934. In the 1940's he worked on a Kibbutz and became active in the Labor Youth Movement. Following his election to the Knesset in 1959 as a member of the Mapai Party (later part of the Labor Party), Peres became Deputy Minister of Defense, serving until 1965. He held various posts in subsequent Labor cabinets, including that of Minister of Defense in 1974??1977. For two months in 1977 he was acting prime minister. And he became the Prime Minister of the coalition cabinet in 1984.
6. Alexandria
A city in the Arab Republic of Egypt and chief port of Egypt, situated between the Mediterranean and Lake Maryut. It was founded in 331 B.C. by Alexander the Great, and for over one thousand years was the capital of Egypt and the principal center of Hellenistic culture. Since the fourth century A.D. it has been the seat of a Christian patriarch. In 641 it was captured by the Mohammedan Arabs, and after the opening of the Cape route, its trade rapidly declined. Early in the 19th century, it began to recover its prosperity, and its growth was encouraged by its being the main British naval base in the Mediterranean during both world wars. Egyptian cotton passes through the port and there is an oil refinery.
Recess of Congress
According to the twentieth Amendment to American Constitution, the Congress will meet in regular session each January 3, unless Congress fixes a different date. The Congress remains in session until its members vote to adjourn??usually late in the year. The President may call a special session when he thinks it necessary. Sessions are held in the Capitol Building in Washington D.C.
1. Johns Hopkins University
A private university in Baltimore, Maryland, founded in 1876, named after its founder (1794??1873), a financier. It is especially noted for its medical school.
2. Old boy, old girl network
Old boy network refers to a group of people who are seniors and comprise the establishment in their professions. Old girl network has the same nature and works mainly to gain equal occupational opportunities for women.
A cultural exchange between the US and the Soviet Union may face an American boycott unless US News and World Report correspondent, Nicholas Daniloff, is freed from a Moscow jail. An American style town meeting is scheduled to take place in Latvia next week, but the two hundred seventy Americans due to take part say they won't go if Daniloff remains in jail. They add the decision is a personal one and is not being made by the Reagan Administration in retaliation for the Daniloff detention.
Egyptian and Israeli negotiators have reached agreement on resolving the Taba border dispute, clearing the way for a summit between the two countries to begin tomorrow. Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak and Israeli Prime Minister Shimon Peres will meet in Alexandria. Details of the Taba agreement have not been made available.
The United States House of Representatives is debating an omnibus drug bill and expects to pass the measure tomorrow. Though the bill has attracted strong bipartisan support, NPR's Cokey Roberts reports the debate on the issue points up the differences between political parties.
When Congress returned from the Fourth of July recess, House Speaker Tip O'Neill said there was only one thing members were talking about in the cloak-room: drugs. The Democrats quickly pulled together chairmen from twelve different committees to draft a drug package. Then, stung by criticism that they were acting in a partisan fashion, the Democratic leaders invited the Republicans to join them in the newly declared war on drugs. So, when the bill came to the House floor today, the party leaders led off debate. Texas Democrat Jim Wright.
"It's time to declare an all-out war, to mobilize our forces, public and private, national and local, in a total coordinated assault upon this menace, which is draining our economy of some two hundred and thirty billion dollars this year, slowly rotting away the fabric of our society, seducing and killing our young. That it will take money is hardly debatable. We can't fight artillery with spitballs."
The question of just how much money this measure will cost has not been answered to the satisfaction of all members. Democrats say it's one and half billion dollars over three years, with almost seven hundred thousand for next year. Republicans claim the price tag will run higher and are trying to emphasize other aspects of the drug battle, aspects which they think play better in Republican campaigns. Minority leader Robert Michel.
"The ultimate cure for the drug epidemic must come from within the heart of each individual faced with the temptation of taking drugs. It is ultimately a problem of character, of will power, of family and community, and concern, and personal pride."
Among other items, the bill before the House increases penalties for most drug related crimes, sets the minimum jail term of twenty years for drug trafficking and manufacturing, authorizes money for the drug enforcement administration and prison construction, beefs up the ability of the coast guard and customs service to stop drugs coming into this country, and creates programs for drug education. The various sections of the measure give House members ample opportunity to speak on an issue where they want their voices heard. Maryland Democratic Barbara McCulsky was nominated for the Senate yesterday. Today, she spoke to the part of the bill which funds drug eradication programs in foreign countries.
"When we fought yellow fever, we didn't go at it one mosquito at a time. We went right to the swamp. That's what the Foreign Affairs section of this legislation will do. It will go to the swamps, or where cocaine is either grown, refined, or manufactured."
Republican Henson Moore is running for the Senate in Louisiana. He spoke to the part of the drug bill which changes the trade laws for countries which deal in drugs.
"We're moving to stop something; it's absolutely idiotic. It needs to be stopped: this situation of where a country can sell legally to us on the one hand and illegally to us under the table, selling drugs in this country poisoning our young people and our population."
Today in China, in Nanjing, balloons, firecrackers and lion dancers mark the dedication of the Johns Hopkins University—Nanjing University Center for Chinese and American Studies. For the first time since World War II, Chinese and American students will attend a graduate institution in China that is administered jointly by academic organizations that are worlds apart figuratively and literally. NPR's Susan Stanberg reports.
Cross-cultural encounters can be extremely enriching; cross-cultural encounters can be utterly absurd.
"Let's see. That would be eighty-seven. So, ... ba-shi-qi-nian-qian, ... let's see, ... equal ... proposition equal, ..."
Here's what that American was trying to say in Chinese.
"Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation ... a new nation conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal."
Now you don't have to be dealing with classic American oratory to run into problems. In planning for the Center for Chinese and American Studies, there was much debate as to whether the new auditorium on the Nanjing campus should have a flat or sloped floor. If the floor were flat, the auditorium could be used for dances, for parties, but a sloped floor would be better for listening, for viewing films and slides.
"The argument finally won out that for practical reasons a flat floor would be best because it ... it really would make it a multi-purpose room. You wouldn't have to fix the furniture."
Stephen Muller is President of Johns Hopkins University, the US end of this Sino-American joint venture in learning.
"So, a flat floor was built. Only the Chinese in building it finally ended up with a flat floor but at two different levels, one higher than the other. So, if you want to use it for dances, you either have to have very short women with very tall men or vice versa."
Twenty-four Americans and thirty-six Chinese of mixed heights are the first students at the Hopkins-Nanjing Center. Nanjing used to be Nanking, by the way, back in the days when Beijing was Peking. The Americans will take classes in Chinese history, economics, trade, politics, all from Chinese faculty. The Chinese will study the US with American university professors. Johns Hopkins President Stephen Muller says this is advanced study work. All the Chinese students are proficient in English; all the Americans have master's degrees plus fluency in Chinese.
"The twenty-four Americans come from about eighteen colleges and universities. No one institution in this country produces that many people of this character; so that's a beginning. Nanjing is not the place; the Center is not the place to go, if you want a doctorate in Chinese history or Chinese language or Chinese literature or whatever. This is a pre-professional program."
Which means the men and women who spend the year at the Nanjing Center will end up as diplomats or business people in one another's country.
"Our hope is that the Americans, to speak about those, who are going to be incidentally rooming with Chinese roommates, which is a very interesting thing the Chinese agree to, that the Americans will not only bring a year of living in China, a year of having studied with Chinese faculty and hearing the Chinese view of Chinese foreign policy in economics and so on, that they will also have the kind of friends among Chinese roughly their age who are going to be dealing with the United States. That will slowly, over the years, create a real network, if you will, if people who, because they've had this common experience, can deal with each other very easily and, you know, be kind of a rallying point—an old boy, old girl network, as it were."
Hopkins President Muller admits that a simple exchange program—Chinese students coming to the US, and American students going to China—would involve far fewer headaches than running jointly an academic institution on foreign soil. Plus the success of the Hopkins-Nanjing Center depends on undependables, like continuing sweet Sino-American relations and being able to attract funding. And there's this wrinkle."
"Some of the people who will study there, without any question, will probably come from or afterwards enter the intelligence community. That it's really desirable that people who do that have that kind of background. We're very honest about that, but it's so easy to denounce the whole thing as an espionage center, or something. You know, there's a lot of fragility in this thing."
Stephen Muller is President of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. The Hopkins-Nanjing University Center for Chinese and American Studies was dedicated today in China. I'm Susan Stanberg.
"How do you say good luck in Chinese?"
"Don't know. I don't know Chinese."
"You'd better learn."
"That's a phrase I should know. Yes."
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