中級(jí)美國英語used to 的用法
一.本課要點(diǎn)及示例
今天我們要練習(xí)兩個(gè)詞組, 一個(gè)是 used to, u-s-e-d t-o, used to, 另外一個(gè)是動(dòng)加上to, t-o, to 再加上動(dòng)詞, 也就是 like to do 和 want to go 等等的動(dòng)詞短語.首先請(qǐng)你聽一段對(duì)話, 內(nèi)容是說 Henry 跟他表妹 Susan 在談做運(yùn)動(dòng). 我們先把 這段對(duì)話用正常速度念一遍, 請(qǐng)你注意正確的發(fā)音跟語調(diào)的抑揚(yáng)頓挫.
M: Susan, what do you do for exercise?
F: I go swimming once a week.
M: I used to swim in high school, but I don't have time anymore.
F: That's too bad. Exercise is really important.
M: I know. I'm getting a little fat. I didn't use to be this heavy.
F: Well, I'm going swimming tonight. Do you want to go with me?
M: Okay. I really need to get in shape again.
現(xiàn)在我們把這段對(duì)話用慢速度再念一遍, 請(qǐng)注意聽.
M: Susan, what do you do for exercise?
F: I go swimming once a week.
M: I used to swim in high school, but I don't have time anymore.
F: That's too bad. Exercise is really important.
M: I know. I'm getting a little fat. I didn't use to be this heavy.
F: Well, I'm going swimming tonight. Do you want to go with me?
M: Okay. I really need to get in shape again.
現(xiàn)在我們把剛才那段會(huì)話里包含了今天要學(xué)的語法, 也就是有 used to 跟有動(dòng)詞加上 to 再加上動(dòng)詞的句子挑出來用慢速度再念一遍給你聽.
M: I used to swim in high school.
M: I didn't use to be this heavy.
F: Do you want to go with me?
M: I really need to get in shape again.
二. USED TO
首先我們練習(xí) used to 的用法. 這個(gè)詞組是表示過去常常做一件事而現(xiàn)在不再做了.
下面我們用 used to 跟在上一課里學(xué)過的字作句子; 每個(gè)句子念兩遍, 請(qǐng)你注意聽, 同時(shí), 在念第二遍的時(shí)候也請(qǐng)你跟著說.
M: Henry used to wear old gloves.
F: Henry used to wear old gloves.
M: He used to sit next to me in school.
F: He used to sit next to me in school.
M: Susan used to drink a lot of milk.
F: Susan used to drink a lot of milk.
M: She used to live far from the store.
F: She used to live far from the store.
M: Henry and Kate used to go to small parties.
F: Henry and Kate used to go to small parties.
M: They used to go out to eat.
F: They used to go out to eat.
下面我們來作換字練習(xí). 先由老師念一個(gè)有 used to 這個(gè)詞組的句子, 接著老師念一個(gè)短語, 學(xué)生就把這個(gè)短語換進(jìn)句子里. 現(xiàn)在先舉個(gè)例子:
M: I used to swim in high school.
M: to play basketball
F: I used to play basketball in high school.
好, 現(xiàn)在我們開始. 在學(xué)生做練習(xí)的時(shí)候, 請(qǐng)你也一起做.
M: I used to swim in high school.
M: to play basketball
F: I used to play basketball in high school.
M: to play volleyball
F: I used to play volleyball in high school.
M: to exercise
F: I used to exercise in high school.
M: to run
F: I used to run in high school.
好了, 現(xiàn)在我們看一看怎么樣把 He used to swim in high school. 變成問句. 在這個(gè)句子變成問句的時(shí)候必須用did, d-i-d, did 開頭,于是這句話就變成了Did he use to swim in high school? 再舉一個(gè)例子: 把 She used to exercise in high school. 這句話變成問句, 就要這樣說: Did she use to exercise in high school?
現(xiàn)在我們來做練習(xí). 由老師念一個(gè)有 used to 這個(gè)詞組的句子,叫學(xué)生把這些句子改為問句. 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你注意聽.
M: He used to swim in high school.
F: Did he use to swim in high school?
M: She used to play basketball in high school.
F: Did she use to play basketball in high school?
M: You used to play volleyball in high school.
F: Did you use to play volleyball in high school?
M: They used to exercise in high school.
F: Did they use to exercise in high school?
M: Henry used to run in high school.
F: Did Henry use to run in high school?
現(xiàn)在我們換一個(gè)方法作練習(xí).由老師念一個(gè)句子,請(qǐng)你用where, w-h-e-r-e, where這個(gè)字, 把句子改成問句. 首先還是舉個(gè)例子:
M: He used to swim in a river.
F: Where did he use to swim?
好, 現(xiàn)在我們正式開始. 在你把句子改為問句之后, 請(qǐng)聽正確答案.
M: He used to swim in a river.
F: Where did he use to swim?
M: She used to work in the factory.
F: Where did she use to work?
M: They used to play volleyball in their backyard.
F: Where did they use to play volleyball?
M: Susan used to run in the park.
F: Where did Susan use to run?
現(xiàn)在我們?cè)贀Q一個(gè)方式來做練習(xí). 先由老師用 when, w-h-e-n, when這個(gè)字, 問一個(gè)有 used to 這個(gè)詞組的問句, 接著老師提出一個(gè)說明時(shí)間的詞組, 請(qǐng)你用時(shí)間詞組來回答問題. 首先舉個(gè)例子:
M: When did he use to get up?
M: at seven o'clock
F: He used to get up at seven o'clock.
現(xiàn)在我們正式開始. 在你回答之后, 還是請(qǐng)你聽我們的正確答案.
M: When did he use to get up?
M: at seven o'clock
F: He used to get up at seven o'clock.
M: When did she use to have a lot of time?
M: after school
F: She used to have a lot of time after school.
M: When did they use to go to soccer games?
M: on Sundays
F: They used to go to soccer games on Sundays.
M: When did Kate use to have a vacation?
M: in the summer
F: Kate used to have a vacation in the summer.
三.動(dòng)詞 + TO + 動(dòng)詞
剛才我們練習(xí)了怎么用 used to 這個(gè)詞組, 現(xiàn)在我們來學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)詞加上 to, t-o, to再加上動(dòng)詞的用法. 首先請(qǐng)你聽一個(gè)句子: I like to play volleyball. 這個(gè)句子有兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞like 和play. 這兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞是由 to, 這個(gè)字聯(lián)在一起的, to play volleyball 就是 like 這個(gè)動(dòng)詞的賓語. 再舉一個(gè)例子: She likes to listen to music. 這個(gè)句子的賓語就是 to listen to music.
現(xiàn)在我們來練習(xí)這類句子. 練習(xí)的內(nèi)容都是說亨利到了周未喜歡在家做些什么.
每個(gè)句子我們念兩遍, 在念第二遍的時(shí)候請(qǐng)你跟著念.
M: Henry likes to eat at home on weekends.
F: Henry likes to eat at home on weekends.
M: Henry likes to cook his own dinner on weekends.
F: Henry likes to cook his own dinner on weekends.
M: Henry likes to make fancy dishes on weekends.
F: Henry likes to make fancy dishes on weekends.
M: Henry likes to invite friends on weekends.
F: Henry likes to invite friends on weekends.
除了 like 這個(gè)動(dòng)詞, 其他動(dòng)詞, 比方: love, l-o-v-e, love, want, w-a-n-t, want, plan, p-l-a-n, plan, try, t-r-y, try, need, n-e-e-d, need, prefer, p-r-e-f-e-r, prefer, 都可以這樣用. 現(xiàn)在我們用這些動(dòng)詞來作換字練習(xí). 首先舉個(gè)例子:
M: Susan loves to exercise.
M: wants to play tennis
F: Susan wants to play tennis.
好, 現(xiàn)在我們開始. 在你回答之后, 請(qǐng)注意聽正確答案.
M: Susan loves to exercise.
M: wants to play tennis
F: Susan wants to play tennis.
M: plans to go swimming
F: Susan plans to go swimming.
M: tries to run very fast
F: Susan tries to run very fast.
M: needs to study hard
F: Susan needs to study hard.
M: prefers to travel by train.
F: Susan prefers to travel by train.
下面我們換一個(gè)方式作練習(xí). 先由老師念一個(gè)陳述句, 叫學(xué)生改為問句. 請(qǐng)你注意, 改為問句的時(shí)候必須要用 does, d-o-e-s, does. 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你注意聽.
M: Susan loves to exercise.
F: Does Susan love to exercise?
M: Susan wants to play tennis.
F: Does Susan want to play tennis?
M: Susan plans to go swimming.
F: Does Susan plan to go swimming?
M: Susan tries to run very fast.
F: Does Susan try to run very fast?
M: Susan needs to study hard.
F: Does Susan need to study hard?
M: Susan prefers to travel by train.
F: Does Susan prefer to travel by train?
在下面一組練習(xí)里, 由老師念一些句子, 請(qǐng)你用what, w-h-a-t, what 這個(gè)字把原來的句子改為問句, 然后請(qǐng)你聽正確答案.
M: Henry loves to cook his own dinner.
F: What does Henry love to cook?
M: Henry likes to make fancy dishes.
F: What does Henry like to make?
M: Susan wants to play tennis.
F: What does Susan want to play?
M: Susan needs to study for test.
F: What does Susan need to study for?
M: Kate plans to buy a dress.
F: What does Kate plan to buy?
M: Kate prefers to have a small party.
F: What does Kate prefer to have?
四. 聽短文回答問題
現(xiàn)在我們來測(cè)驗(yàn)一下你的聽力.首先請(qǐng)你聽一段文章,內(nèi)容是說亨利一家人怎么旅行,談到了坐火車有什么好處.
好, 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你注意聽.
Henry used to travel by train. Nowadays there are fewer trains and Henry, like most people, prefers to travel by car. Henry's wife, Kate, however, still likes to travel by train. She wants to relax and she doesn't need to worry about gas, repairs, or parking when traveling by train. Henry's cousin, Susan, and her parents live in New York. They take the train to their jobs everyday. They travel by train because they don't like to drive in city traffic.
剛才那段文章不知道你聽懂了多少? 等一會(huì)兒, 我們?cè)儆寐俣冉o你念一遍. 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你注意聽我們要測(cè)驗(yàn)的三個(gè)問題.
第一個(gè)問題是:
M: How did Henry use to travel?
第二個(gè)問題是:
M: Does Kate still like to travel by train?
第三個(gè)問題是:
M: Why do Susan and her parents take the train to their jobs?
好了,現(xiàn)在我們用慢速度再把文章念一遍,請(qǐng)你特別注意剛才那三個(gè)問題的答案.
Henry used to travel by train. Nowadays there are fewer trains and Henry, like most people, prefers to travel by car. Henry's wife, Kate, however, still likes to travel by train. She wants to relax and she doesn't need to worry about gas, repairs, or parking when traveling by train. Henry's cousin, Susan, and her parents live in New York. They take the train to their jobs everyday. They travel by train because they don't like to drive in city traffic.
好了, 現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)你回答今天測(cè)驗(yàn)的三個(gè)問題. 在回答之后, 請(qǐng)你注意聽正確答案.
下面是第一個(gè)問題.
M: How did Henry use to travel?
F: He used to travel by train.
現(xiàn)在請(qǐng)回答第二個(gè)問題:
M: Does Kate still like to travel by train?
F: Yes,she still likes to travel by train.
第三個(gè)問題比較長, 請(qǐng)你注意聽:
M: Why do Susan and her parents take the train to their jobs?
F: They take the train because they don't like to drive in city traffic.
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