Lesson 83 Part I

Lesson 83

Part I Warming-up Exercises

WHO in the News Lead ?

Training Focus:

Identifying wh- words in the news lead: who

A typical news lead offers information about who, what,  where, when, why, and how, though it does not mean that every  lead should include all of them. The ability to identify whwords in the leads is essential in following the news stories. In the next few lessons, the students' attention will be directed to who or what.

Directions: You are going to hear several news leads. Listen carefully. Focus your attention on who in each lead  and write down what you hear in the given spaces.

Key:

1．The United States and the Soviet Union will reopen talks Wednesday on reducing  supplies of strategic nuclear weapons.

2．Officials from 14 nations meet Monday in Wellington to open a two-week conference on the future of Antarctica.

3．The Japanese Parliament is expected to name Yasuhiro Nakasone as the new  prime minister on Friday.

4．The leaders of nine black countries in southern Africa have accused South Africa  of blocking their economic development.

5．The White House has announced that Britain's Queen Elizabeth and her husband  Prince Philip will visit the United States in February.

6．Several ,hundred Palestinian supportes demonstrated in Damascus Monday at the  embassies of the United States, Jordan and Saudi Arabia.

7．America's space shuttle Columbia will return to earth Tuesday after a 5-day  flight.

8．Democratic congressional leaders have sharply criticized President Reagan's plan  to put MX missiles in place in the United States.

Lesson 83 Part II News

Lesson  83

Part II   News

Ex. I

Directions: Complete the summary for News Item 1.

Key: an American businessman for dealing in illegal drugs 

Ex. Ⅱ

Directions: Answer the questions you hear on the tape.　

1. How many people were arrested in Los Angeles last week ?

2. Why was Mr Delorian involved in the crime according to the officials? 

3. What is the sentence Mr Delorian could possibly receive if found guilty? 

Key: (see tapescript)

Ex. III

Directions: Complete the summary for News Item 2. 

Key: 60 persons for shipment of illegal drugs

Ex. IV

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the information you get from the news. 

Key: (see tapescript)

Tapescript:

News (1'53")

News Item 1

A Federal Grand Jury has charged a leading American  businessman, John Delorian with dealing in illegal drugs. If found guilty, he could be sentenced to more than 70 years in prison. Federal agents arrested Mr Delorian and two other  men in Los Angeles last week. Officials said Mr Delorian  agreed to finance a deal involving the sale of 24,000,000 dollars'  worth of the illegal drug cocaine. The official said he hoped to use the money from the sale to save his automobile company. Mr Delorian, a former president of the General Motors Auto  Company, had set up his own car company in northern Ireland.  But poor sales caused financial problems for the Delorian company.

News Item 2

Washington 

Officials say Federal agents have arrested about 60 per sons on charges of bringing drugs into the United States illegally from Colombia. Attorney General William French Smith announced that both Americans and Colombians were arrested. He said some of them are doctors and bankers.  Mr Smith said the drug deal involved the illegal shipment of cocaine, heroin and marijuana from Colombia to Miami, Florida. The attorney general said the arrests followed a year-long secret investigation.

Lesson 83 Part III Science Report ----Self-Esteem

Lesson 83

Part III   Science Report 

----Self-Esteem

Ex.

Directions: Complete the report with the information you get from the tape.

Key: Procedure: 1. measure the boys' abilities and also how they felt about their own abilities 2. divide the boys into three groups ---- those with high self esteem, those with middle self-esteem and those with low self-esteem 3. study the boys in all situations ---- at home, at work, in school, and with their friends

Observations: a. active, able to express their ideas, successful in school and in relations with other people, creative, led in discussions, interested in world problems, seldom became tired or sick b. were like the boys with high selfesteem, expressed their ideas freely, saw the world as a good and happy  place, not sure of their own value c. sad most of the time, afraid to start activities, felt no one loved them, couldn't express their ideas, afraid of anger, didn't talk in discussions

Findings: 2. physical appearance, money, size of family, or how much  the mother was at home / the close relationship between the boys and their parents

Tapescript:

Science Report (4'28")

----Self-Esteem

Scientists have learned a great deal about the parts of  brain and their functions. They have also studied the development of the personality, for example, how a baby learns to love. In recent studies of two universities in the United States, scientists have investigated the development of selfesteem.

Self-esteem is the respect a person has for himself, his  belief in his ability and in the value of what he does. The  scientists studied self-esteem in young boys. They gave them  many tests. These tests measured the boys' abilities and also  how they felt about their own abilities. After the tests, the  boys were divided into three groups ---- those with high selfesteem, those with middle self-esteem and those with low self esteem. The scientists continued to study the boys in all situations. They studied them at home, at work, in school, and  with their friends.

From their studies, the scientists made some observations.  Boys with high self-esteem were active. They were able to  express their ideas. They were successful in school and in  their relations with other people. In discussions, they led.  They didn't just listen. They were interested in world problems. They were creative and believed that they could finish whatever they started. They seldom became tired or sick. In many ways, the boys with middle self-esteem were like the  boys with high self-esteem. They too expressed their ideas  freely and saw the world as a good and happy place. However, they were not sure of their own value as people. They did their best work when they were sure that other people liked  them. The boys with low self-esteem were different from the other two groups. They were sad most of the time. They were afraid to start activities. They felt that no one loved them. They could not express their ideas. They were afraid of anger. In a discussion, they listened, but they didn't talk. 

The scientists asked, “How do some boys develop high self-esteem ?”“What is different in their lives ?” Some of  the answers were surprising. High self-esteem did not depend  upon physical appearance, or money, or size of family. It  did not depend upon how much the mother was at home. The scientists found that there was a closeness between the boys with high self-esteem and their parents. Their parents showed real interests in them, and spent time with them. They listened to their sons and gave them help when the boys asked for it. They knew their sons' friends. The sons knew that they were important to their parents. These parents demanded good behavior. They made definite rules. They were strict, but not harsh. They corrected their sons' behavior by rewards,  not by punishment. They never took away their love. On  the other hand, the parents of boys wih low self-esteem let their sons do almost anything. If a boy made a mistake, the parents punished him harshly. The boys believed that their parents didn't love them. There were no definite rules. The family life of the boys with high self-esteem was democratic. The parents made rules, but they led in a kind and thoughtful way. They showed respect for their children's ideas, even when they did not agree with them. They let the boys give their opinions in discussions of family plans. These boys were productive citizens. Now these scientists are studying other groups of children. They want to learn how to help children with low self-esteem feel better about themselves. In this way, these children can become productive citizens too.