歌劇到底是誰發(fā)明的？歌劇起源于哪里

今天的這段對話，在討論歌劇，

歌劇到底是誰發(fā)明的？歌劇起源于哪里

來聽今天的講解:

A: You've been listening to that music for ages, what is it?

這首樂曲你聽很久了，是什么音樂？

B: It's an opera, composed by Monteverdi.

是蒙泰威爾第創(chuàng)作的一部歌劇。

A: Oh, it's by Monteverdi. It's too old for me! Who invented it anyway?

噢，是蒙泰威爾第的。對我來說太古老了。歌劇到底是誰發(fā)明的？

B: Opera was invented by a group of wealthy people in Florence, who wanted to reproduce ancient Greek dramas.

歌劇是由佛羅倫薩的一群富人創(chuàng)作發(fā)明的，他們想重現(xiàn)古希臘戲劇。

A: Wasn’t the first real open Daphne, by Jacopo Peri, written over 400 years ago?

第一部真正的歌劇《達美妮》是不是400多年前由雅各布•佩里寫的？

B: Yes, it was. I'm surprised you know that. Peri's opera is lost, because there were no music publishers then, but we know it existed because so many people wrote comments about the performance of Daphne.

是的。這個你也知道，真讓我大吃一驚。佩里的歌劇已經(jīng)遺失了，因為那時沒有音樂出版。不過，我們知道有這部歌劇是閃為很多人就《達芙妮》的演出寫了不少評論。

A: So, Monteverdi started after this, changing the form into the modem style we know today. He added arias allowing the singers to express the emotions of their characters, and to show off their singing abilities.

之后，蒙泰威爾第開始改變寫作形式，就變成了我們今天所了解的現(xiàn)代風格。他增加了詠嘆澗部分，允許歌手們表達他們所扮演角色的情感，表現(xiàn)自己的歌唱才能。

B: Right, and later on other composers added many other things.  For example, chorus parts, dances and instrumental parts. After this, opera grew and changed in many ways.

沒錯，后來其他的作家義增如了很多其他成分。比如，合唱部分、舞蹈和樂器演奏部分。這之后，歌劇在很多方面也進行發(fā)展和改進。

A: It comes from Italy, right? I mean all of these composers were Italian, but Mozart was Austrian.

歌劇起源于意大利，是吧？我是說除了莫扎特是奧地利人以外，所有的作曲家都是意大利人。

B: That's because it was so popular and spread to Germany, France, England, Russia, Spain, Portugal and other countries. But yes, it originated in Italy.

那是因為歌劇非常受歡迎，破傳到了德國、法國、英國、俄羅斯、西班牙、葡萄牙和其他國家。不過歌劇的確是起源于意大利。

A: Were all of the first operas written in Italian?

是不是最初所有的歌劇都是用意大利語寫的？

B: Yes, even foreigners like Mozart wrote in Italian, but later as it expanded, they started to write in their own languages.

是的，即使像莫扎特這樣的外國人也用意大利語進行創(chuàng)作，但后來隨著歌劇的廣泛傳播，他們開始用自己的語言創(chuàng)作。

A: OK, so I know it started in Italy and became widespread across Europe pretty quickly, but chat doesn't explain how it came to America.

好了，我知道歌劇起源于意大利，很快遍及歐洲各地，但這并不能解釋它是怎么傳到美國的。

B: European immigrants brought opera to the United States in the 18幽 and 19h centuries. That's why we have "The Met", or Metropolitan Opera House.  It opened in 1883.

18、19世紀歐洲移民把歌劇帶到了美國。這就是為什么我們有了“大都會歌劇院”的原因，該劇院1883年開始對外開放。

A: I see, but why is it still so popular nowadays? Opera fans still love to attend operas at " The Met. "

我明白了，可是為什么歌劇至今還這么流行呢？歌劇迷們?nèi)匀幌矚g到“大都會歌劇院”去聽歌劇．．

B: Most operas on at "The Met" nowadays are 18'hand 19出 century ones, written by Mozan,  Puccini, Wagner, and so on.  I guess people just find them incredibly beautiful, I know I do!

大多數(shù)在“大都會歌劇院”上演的歌劇都是18、19世紀由莫扎特、普契尼、瓦格納等創(chuàng)作的。我想人們只是覺得這些歌劇真的非常動聽罷了，我自己也這么認為！

A: It is an interesting topic, but I think I'II stick to my pop music.

這個話題真有意思，不過我想我還是堅持聽我的流行音樂。