復(fù)雜的并列句的拆分和理解 例264

例264　Dependence is marked first by an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect, and then by the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the substance is discontinued.

【結(jié)構(gòu)分析】主語是Dependence，動詞is marked by，后面還有一個(gè)by，省略了marked，這兩個(gè)動詞是并列關(guān)系，第一個(gè)賓語是an increased tolerance, with more and more of the substance required to produce the desired effect是個(gè)伴隨的介詞短語修飾前面一句話，第二個(gè)賓語the appearance of unpleasant withdrawal symptoms，后面有狀語從句修飾第二個(gè)句子。

【亮點(diǎn)回放】此句話的兩個(gè)并列的賓語，相當(dāng)于兩個(gè)并列句子，第一個(gè)并列句子，后面加上with結(jié)構(gòu)，做狀語，修飾第一個(gè)句子，第二個(gè)并列句子，后面加上狀語從句when，修飾第二個(gè)句子。

【核心詞匯】

dependence　藥物的依賴性

marked by　表現(xiàn)為

increased tolerance　不斷增加的容忍力

desired effect　理想的效果

unpleasant withdrawal symptoms　不舒服的停藥的癥狀

discontinued　終止

【參考譯文】藥物的依賴性最初表現(xiàn)為耐受力增強(qiáng)，用量越來越大才能達(dá)到預(yù)期效果，一旦停用就會產(chǎn)生不舒服的癥狀。