托福寫作點(diǎn)睛技巧之名詞化句子

　　曾有人說過，老外眼中句子分為3個(gè)檔次，最差的是主動(dòng)句，較好的是被動(dòng)句、倒裝句等，最好的是nominalization(名詞化)的句子，因?yàn)檫@樣的句子最學(xué)術(shù)最適合寫論文。

　　所以，如果在托福寫作中，如果能見到一些名詞化的句子，必將為自己的托福寫作沖刺高分帶來幫助。

　　什么是名詞化?

　　簡單說，名詞化即是動(dòng)詞或形容詞被用作名詞的現(xiàn)象。

　　比如動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)成名詞：discovery→discovery， move→movement， refuse→refusal;

　　比如形容詞轉(zhuǎn)成名詞：careless→carelessness， difficult→difficulty， intense→intensity。

　　什么情況下，我們需要句子名詞化?

　　1. 謂語動(dòng)詞的賓語部分

　　原句：I do not know either what she meant or what he intends.

　　名詞化：I do not know either her meaning or his intentions.

　　2. 結(jié)合被動(dòng)形式

　　原句：If people decide without enough persuasive information，...

　　名詞化：If a decision is made without enough persuasive information，...

　　3. 取代諸如從句中“the fact that”的用法

　　原句：The fact that I denied what he accused me of impressed the jury.

　　名詞化：My denial of his accusations impressed the jury.

　　更好的名詞化：

　　a. When I denied his accusations,I impressed the jury.

　　b. In denying his accusations,I impressed the jury.

　　4. 名詞化部分用在there is/are的后面

　　原句：We demand that the government stop taxing entertainment.

　　名詞化：There is a demand for an end to taxation on entertainment.

　　原句：The floods considerably eroded the land.

　　名詞化：There was considerable erosion of the land from the floods.

　　哪些是毫無意義的名詞化?

　　這些我們在托福寫作中認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)使用的名詞化，其實(shí)是沒必要的：

　　1. 名詞化部分跟在動(dòng)詞后面

　　原句：The police conducted an investigation into the matter.

　　改后：The police investigated the matter.

　　2. 名詞化部分作為主語

　　原句：Our discussion is concerned with a tax cut.

　　改后：We discussed a tax cut.

　　3. 連續(xù)進(jìn)行名詞化

　　原句：

　　a. First,she reviewed the evolution of the dorsal fin.

　　b. There was a first a review of the evolution of the dorsal fin.

　　改后：First,she reviewed how the dorsal fin evolved.

　　4. 連接部分名詞化

　　原句：Their cessation of hostilities was because of their personnel losses.

　　改后：They ceased hostilities because they lost personnel.

　　原句：The instability of the motor housing did not preclude the completion of the field trials.

　　改后：Even though the motor housing was unstable,the research staff completed the field trials.