2021大學(xué)英語四級英語詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
1. [由此及彼]根據(jù)已知單詞的詞義推斷出其同根詞的詞義。
① accord n.一致；調(diào)和→disaccord n.
② obcordate a.倒心形的→cordate a.
2. [同義相連]常用詞cardiac（心臟的，心臟病的）的詞根cardi來自希臘名詞kardia，而kardia與cordis在印歐語系中是同根詞，意思都是heart（心）。試比較以下兩列，把對等詞用線連起來：
① cardiogram a.心力計
② cardiology b.心動圖
③ cardiometer c.心病學(xué)
④ cardiotonic d.心臟炎
⑤ carditis e.強心劑
3. [尋根問底]指出下列單詞的詞根并領(lǐng)會其詞義的由來。
① cardiograph n.心動描寫器
② cardia n. [解] 賁門
③ cardiovascular a.心血管的
④ cardiorespiratory a.心肺的(提示：cardi=cord)
⑤ precordium n.心前區(qū)
precordial a.心前區(qū)的
⑥ concordat n.契約
4. [節(jié)外生枝] cord還有兩個異體cor和cour。cor即拉丁名詞cor的原形；cour來自法語。試分析下列幾組單詞的含義。
① core n.核心；果實的心
coreless a.無（果）心的
② courage n.勇氣
courageous a.勇敢的；無畏的
③ encourage v.鼓勵
encouragement n.鼓勵
④ discourage v.使泄氣
discouragement n.泄氣；阻攔
19. cresc, cret, cre [L]=to grow生長
常用詞crescent，increase，create和concrete，表面看來似乎關(guān)系不大，其實是同根生的。它們的詞干部分cresc，cret和cre是一組同源異形根，都來自拉丁動詞crescere，意為to grow（生長）。其中，cresc是不定式詞干；cret是動名詞詞干；cre是cret在添加后綴時的變形。
crescent [cresc=to grow生長，變化；-ent n.=the state 表行為狀態(tài)→“the growing state（of the moon）（月亮）變化的狀態(tài)”→] n.① the visible part of the quarter moon which is growing larger or smaller月牙② any object like a crescent月牙形的東西/The national emblem of Turkey is a crescent.土耳其的國徽是個月牙。
increase [in-=into成；creas（cresc的重讀式）=to grow生長；-e→] I v. grow into a larger amount;become greater or larger增長；增加；增大：The production increases with years. 生產(chǎn)逐年增長。→Ⅱn. growth增長：the rate of increase增長率
create [cre=to grow生長；-ate v.=to make使……→“to make to grow into shape使生長成形”→] v. make something exist 創(chuàng)造：to create more jobs創(chuàng)造更多的就業(yè)機會
▽creation [creat(e);-ion n.] n.創(chuàng)造；創(chuàng)作；（大寫）創(chuàng)世
creator [creat(e);-or n.] n. 創(chuàng)造者；創(chuàng)始者；（大寫）造物主 creature [creat(e);-ure n.] n.創(chuàng)造物；生物；動物
creative [creat(e);-ive a.] a.有創(chuàng)造力的；創(chuàng)造性的；創(chuàng)作的
concrete [con-=together一起；cret=to grow生長；-e→“to grow or stick together 長在一起或結(jié)成一塊”→] I v. solidify or harden凝固；固結(jié)：The sands concreted into a mass. 沙土結(jié)成塊。→Ⅱa. relating to a solidified thing; particular; real 固定有形的；具體的；實際的：a concrete problem 具體問題 III n. any mass of solidified particles, especially used in building 混凝土：reinforced concrete鋼筋混凝土
▽concretion [concret(e) v.;-ion n.] n.凝固；凝固物
concretive [concret(e) v.;-ive a.] a.凝結(jié)性的
decrease [de-=downward向下；creas=to grow生成，變化；-e→“to grow downward 向下變化”→] I v. become less, or make less減少；使變少：Water comsumption decreased.耗水量降低了。→Ⅱn. reduction減少；減少量：A big decrease in sales caused the supermarket to close.銷售量銳減使得超市關(guān)了門。
increment [in-=into成；cre=to grow生長；-ment n.=the result表行為結(jié)果→“the result of growing into a larger amount 數(shù)量增長的結(jié)果”→] n. the amount of increase 增加量：monthly increments 月增加額
▽incremental [increment;-al a.] a.增加的；增值的
increscent [in-=into成；cresc=to grow生長；-ent a.=-ing有……特征的→“growing into（the full moon）長成（滿月）的”→] a. waxing of the moon（月亮）漸盈的：an increscent moon盈月
accretion [ac-（ad-）=to向；cret=to grow生長；-ion n.=the act or state 表動作或狀態(tài)→“growing to向……生長”→] n.① continued growth生長；增大：the accretion of cancer腫瘤增大 ② growing of parts into each other合生，連生：accretion of two kinds of plants兩種植物的合生現(xiàn)象
excrescence [ex-=out出；cresc=to grow生長；-ence n.=the result表行為結(jié)果→“growing or growth which is out of the normal state超出正常狀態(tài)的生長物”→] n. ① abnormal outgrowth 贅生物，瘤：an excresence on the neck脖子上的瘤② superfluous part累贅，多余物：This tree is an excrescence in the painting.這棵樹在畫中是多余的。
▽excrescent [ex-;cresc;-ent a.] a.贅生的；多余的
2021大學(xué)英語四級英語詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
