2021大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)英語(yǔ)詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
1. [舉一反三]根據(jù)已知單詞的詞義推斷出其同根詞的詞義。
existent n.存在的事物→① existential a.
→② existentialism a.
→③ existentialist n.
2. [同義相連]將左欄中的單詞和右欄中相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞義連接起來(lái)。
① persistent a. 一致的;堅(jiān)固的
② existent b. 堅(jiān)持的
③ resistant c. 抵抗的;有抵抗力的
④ insistent d. 存在的;現(xiàn)存的
⑤ consistent e. 堅(jiān)持的;持續(xù)不斷的
3. [望文生義]根據(jù)所學(xué)詞根的知識(shí)推測(cè)下列單詞的詞義。
① resister n.
resistless a.
irresistible a.
② nonexistence n.
nonexistent a.
③ nonresistance n.
nonresistant a.
4. [尋根問(wèn)底]指出下列單詞的詞根并領(lǐng)會(huì)其詞義的由來(lái)。
① resistor n.電阻;電阻器
② resistive a.抵抗的;有抵抗力的
③ resistojet n. [宇]電阻加熱電離式發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)
④ transistor n.晶體管 (來(lái)自:transfer+resistor)
transistorize v.使晶體管化
87. speci, spect, spic [L]=to look看
標(biāo)題中的三個(gè)異形根都來(lái)自拉丁動(dòng)詞specere,意為to look(看)。其中,speci是不定式詞干;spic是spec的音變異體;spect是specere的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式動(dòng)詞spectare的詞干,它的孳生力最強(qiáng)。
expect [ex-=out外;(s)pect=to look看→“to look out for something向外看望著某物”→] v. ① look forward to盼望;期待:I expect that he will come.我盼望他會(huì)來(lái)。② require要求;期望:You are expected to finish it in time.希望你及時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。
▽expectancy [expect;-ancy n.] n.期待;期望;期望的事物
expectant [expect;-ant a.] a.期待的;期望的
expectation [expect;-ation a.] n.期待;期望;[復(fù)數(shù)]前程
inspect [in-=into入;spect=to look看→] v. look into;examine carefully檢查;審查:to inspect fingerprints 檢查指紋
▽inspection [inspect;-ion n.] n.檢查;審查
inspector [inspect;-or n.] n.檢查員;監(jiān)察員
respect [re-=again再;spect=to look看→“to look again再看,重看”→]Ⅰv.① treat with consideration重視:to respect one's wishes重視某人的意愿② have regard to尊重,尊敬:to respect teachers尊敬老師→Ⅱn. honour and esteem尊敬:to show respect for the aged尊敬老人
▽respectable [respect v.;-able a.] a.可敬的
respectful [respect n.;-ful a.] a.恭敬的;尊重他人的
disrespect [dis-;respect v./n.] v.不尊重,不尊敬 n.無(wú)禮,失禮
prospect [pro-=forward向前;spect=to look看→“to look forward向前看”→] n.① something that one looks forward to盼望的事物:A rich harvest is in prospect.豐收在望。② distant or wide view;scene遠(yuǎn)景,視野;景象:The hill commands a fine prospect.從這座山可以眺望美景。
▽prospective [prospect;-ive a.] a.預(yù)期的;未來(lái)的
suspect [sus-(sub-)=under在……下面;(s)pect=to look看→“to look at someone from under or askance私下斜眼看某人”→] v. doubt;imagine to be guilty不信任;懷疑有罪過(guò):I suspect him to be a pickpocket.我懷疑他是扒手。
▽suspectable [suspect;-able a.] a.可疑的
suspicion [sus-;(s)pic;-ion n.] n.懷疑;嫌疑
suspicious [sus-;(s)pic;-i-;-ous a.] a.可疑的;多疑的
spectator [spect=to look看;-ator n.=person人→] n. person who looks at or watches an event, sport, etc.旁觀者;觀眾:spectators at a football match足球賽的觀眾
spectacle [spect=to look看;-acle n.=thing物→“things for people to look at供人們觀看的東西”→] n.① something exhibited to public view公開(kāi)的場(chǎng)面:The opening ceremony was a fine spectacle.開(kāi)幕式的場(chǎng)面很壯觀。② grand public sight or scene壯觀;奇景:Viewed from theseashore, the sunrise is indeed a spectacle.從海邊看去,日出真是個(gè)奇觀。
▽spectacular [specta(cle);-cular a.] a.壯觀的;驚人的
以下介紹幾個(gè)由spec或spic構(gòu)成的本族同根詞。
species [spec = to look 看;-ies n. = thing(s) 物→“thing(s) that can be looked at or seen可以看見(jiàn)的物體”→“visible form of thing(s)物體的形式或外觀”→] n.① kind or sort種類(lèi):a species of advertisement一種廣告 ② group of individuals having common characteritics, placed under a genus種;物種:Wheat is a species of grass.小麥?zhǔn)呛瘫局参锏囊环N。
▽speciate [spec;-iate v.] v. [生物]物種形成
specific [spec;-ific a.] a.特有的;特定的;[生物]種的
speciology [spec;-i-;-ology n.] n. [生物]物種學(xué)
special [spec;-ial a.] a.特殊的;特別的
specious [spec = to look 看;-i-; -ous a. = full of 富于……的→“full of good looking富于好看的,外觀的”→] a. looking well at first sight;showy and deceptive外表美觀的;華而不實(shí)的:a specious person華而不實(shí)的人
▽speciosity [spec;-i-;-osity n.] n.外表美觀;華而不實(shí)
conspicuous [con-(com-)=altogether完全;spic=to look看;-u-;-ous a.=tending to易于……的→“tending to be looked at altogether容易一下子被看見(jiàn)的”→] a. easily seen, or noticeable明顯的;惹人注目的:conspicuous errors明顯的錯(cuò)誤
auspice [au (avis) = bird 鳥(niǎo);spic = to look or observe 觀看;-e→“to observe birds' flying in order to foretell fortune觀察飛鳥(niǎo)以預(yù)示運(yùn)氣”→] n.① omen drawn by observing birds根據(jù)飛鳥(niǎo)行動(dòng)所做的占卜② forecast; augury預(yù)言;預(yù)兆 ③ (pl.) patronage 保護(hù),贊助:a school under civilian auspices民辦學(xué)校
▽auspicious [auspic(e);-i-;-ous a.] a.吉利的,吉祥的
despise [de-=down向下;spis (spic的異體)=to look看;-e→] v. look down upon看不起,鄙視:Don't cheat or you will be despised.不要作弊,不然會(huì)被瞧不起的。
▽despicable [de-;spic;-able a.] a.可鄙的;卑鄙的
2021大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)英語(yǔ)詞根練習(xí)100天(匯總)
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