1. [由此及彼]根據(jù)已知單詞的詞義推斷出其同根詞的詞義。
tangible a.有形的;確實的→intangible a.
2. [無師自通]
如果你還記得三角學中的tg(正切),ctg(余切)是怎么發(fā)音的。
請比照tangent,tangential的構(gòu)詞方式,寫出:
① 余切:
② 余切的:
3. [尋根問底]指出下列單詞的詞根并領會其詞義的由來。
① tactual a.觸覺的;觸覺器官的
② subtangent n.次切線;次切距
4. [節(jié)外生枝] tang有個音變異體ting,注意以下三個單詞。
① contingence n.在一點上的接觸
② contingent a.伴隨的;應急的 n.意外事情;分遣部隊
③ contingency n.可能性;偶然性;意外事故
91. ten, tin, tent, tain [L]=to hold握,持
這組異體詞根有四個:ten是基本形式,它來自拉丁動詞tenere的不定式詞干,意思相當于to hold(握,持);tent來自動名詞詞干;tin是ten在某些前綴之后的音變形式;tain是ten的重讀形式,是從法語轉(zhuǎn)引進英語的,它在英語中的構(gòu)詞能力很強。
contain [con-(com-)=together一起;tain=to hold保持→“to hold together保持在一起”→] v.① hold, or be able to hold容納;裝得下:The hall can hold a hundred people.這大廳裝得下一百人。② include包含:Sea water contains salt. 海水含鹽分。③ hold within bounds;restrain控制;抑制:to contain oneself自制
▽container [contain;-er n.] n.容器;集裝箱
containment [contain;-ment n.] n.抑制;遏制;牽制
content [con-;tent] n.容量;內(nèi)容 a.滿足的
detain [de-=away離;tain=to hold保持→“to hold away from free action約束使之無自由”→] v.① stop or delay阻留:I was detained by heavy traffic.交通擁擠把我給耽誤了。② hold or confine in jail拘留;扣押:to detain the suspect 拘留疑犯
▽detainee [detain;-ee n.] n.被拘留者
detention [de-;tent;-ion n.] n.拘留;阻留
obtain [ob-=against對抗;tain=to hold握住→“to hold against difficulty頂住困難把握住”→] v. ① get hold of by efforts 獲??;取得:to obtain freedom through stuggle通過斗爭獲得自由② gain;get得到;買到:Where did you obtain this book?你在哪里買到這本書?
▽obtainer [obtain;-er n.] n.獲得者
obtainment [obtain;-ment n.] n.獲得;取得;買到
retain [re-=back回;tain=to hold保持→“to hold back for oneself保持為己所有”→] v. keep in one's possession, use, or mind保有;保留;記?。篗y mind can't retain these figures.我的腦子記不住這些數(shù)字。
▽retention [re-;tent;-ion n.] n.保持;記憶(力)
retentive [re-;tent;-ive a.] a.保持的;記憶力強的
sustain [sus-(sub-)=under在……下面;tain=to hold保持,支持→“to hold from under在下面支持著”→] v.① hold up, or uphold支撐;承擔:A few pillars sustain the roof. 幾根柱子撐住屋頂。② support, or provide for支持;供養(yǎng):He sustains the whole family.他一人養(yǎng)活全家。
▽sustention [sus-;tent;-ion n.] n.支持;供養(yǎng)
sustenance [sus-;ten;-ance n.] n.食物;營養(yǎng)
abstain [abs-(ab-)=from離;tain=to hold保持,約束→“to hold oneself from約束自己離開”→] v. ① keep from避開:to abstain from voting不參加投票② restrain戒;節(jié)制:to abstain from wine戒酒
▽abstention [abs-;tent;-ion n.] n.戒;避開
以下介紹幾個ten和tin的同根派生詞。
tenant [ten=to hold保持,占有;-ant n.=person人→] n. person who holds the possession of a room, land, etc. by paying rent房客;佃戶;承租者:I am the owner of the house, he is a tenant.我是房東,他是房客。
▽tenantry [tenant;-ry n.] n. [總稱]承租人
tenantable [tenant;-able a.] a.可租賃的
tenancy [ten;-ancy n.] n.租用
tenacious [ten=to hold持;-ac;-ious a.=tending to有……傾向的→] a. tending to hold opinion, belief, etc. strong;stubborn 堅強的;固執(zhí)的:He is tenacious of his purpose.他的目標始終如一。
▽tenacity [ten;-ac;-ity n.] n.堅強;固執(zhí)
continent [con-(com-)=together一起;tin=to hold保持;-ent n.=thing物→“land that holds together保持成一塊的土地”→] n. mass of land holding together;large land mass of the earth大陸;大洲:the continent of Africa非洲大陸
▽continental [continent;-al a.] a.大陸的;大陸性的
continue [con-(com-)=together一起;tinu (tenere的完成時詞干)=to hold保持;-e→“to hold one thing together with another使一事物與另一事物保持相連”→] v. go on happening;go forward連續(xù);繼續(xù):He left but the meeting continued.他走了,但會議繼續(xù)開。
▽continual [continu(e);-al a.] a.不斷的;頻繁的(常用于壞事)
continuous [continu(e);-ous a.] a.連續(xù)的;繼續(xù)的
continuity [continu(e);-ity n.] n.連續(xù)性;繼續(xù)性