一、特殊標點處
1. 引號
1)尤其是當引號表示著重強調(diào)時
如：
They are using fewer of the very deferential “women’s” forms, and even using the few strong forms that are know as “men’s” .
2)某人說的話，能夠集中表達一個事實或觀點時
如：
"If it's a loss [where] you're not getting to work, and family relationships are breaking down as a result, then it's too much." said Maressa Orzack, a Harvard University professor.
例1(引號)：Toebe also regularly visits a site where posters discuss Internet overuse. In August, when she first realized she had a problem, she posted a message on a Yahoo Internet addiction group with the subject line: "I have an Internet Addiction."
8. In one of the messages she posted on a website, Toebe admitted that she ______.;
【答案】had an Internet Addiction
【解析】首先分析結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本空所填內(nèi) 容是充當that賓語從句的謂語，主句的admitted表明謂語應用過去時。原文提到Toebe在雅虎的一個上網(wǎng)成癮群里發(fā)了一條消息，引號中的內(nèi)容為 這條小的的主題：“我有網(wǎng)癮”。由此可知，Toebe承認自己“上網(wǎng)成癮”。故答案根據(jù)時態(tài)要求進行修改為：had an Internet Addiction.
2. 小括號
小括號()中間加一個漢語注釋，非常容易引起大家的注意。此處就不贅述。我們還是通過真題舉例來看具體考察情況吧。
例2：(小括號)The use of deferential (敬重的) language is symbolic of the Confucian ideal of the woman, which dominates conservative gender norms in Japan. This ideal presents a woman who withdraws quietly to the background, subordinating her life and needs to those of her family and its male head. She is a dutiful daughter, wife, and mother, master of the domestic arts. The typical refined Japanese woman excels in modesty and delicacy; she “treads softly (謹言慎行)in the world,” elevating feminine beauty and grace to an art form.
57. The first paragraph describes in detail ________.
A. the standards set for contemporary Japanese women
B. the Confucian influence on gender norms in Japan
C. the stereotyped role of women in Japanese families
D. the norms for traditional Japanese women to follow
【答案】D
【解析】考點出處是第一段的總述話語，它介紹了日本女性在說話時使用敬語是女性完美標準的象征，其后面幾句是對這種保守性別規(guī)范下女性美德的詳細描述，所以正確答案為D。
二、因果關(guān)系處
四六級大綱在閱讀理解部分都指出：測試學生通過閱讀獲取書面信息的能力
常見表因果的詞語：because, why, the reason, for, so, since, as a result等。
同樣值得注意的是：當why引導一個問句時，考點出處往往是緊接著回答此問題的句子或相鄰的幾個羅列點或相連幾段話的首句。
例：(因果)American tourists, however, shouldn’t expect any relief soon. The dollar lost strength the way many marriages break up- slowly, and then all at once. And currencies don’t turn on a dime. So if you want to avoid the pain inflicted by the increasingly pathetic dollar, cancel that summer vacation to England and look to New England. There, the dollar is still treated with a little respect.
55. What is the author’s advice to Americans?
A. They treat the dollar with a little respect
B. They try to win in the weak-dollar gamble
C. They vacation at home rather than abroad
D. They treasure their marriages all the more.
【答案】C
【解析】面對美元貶值給美國人帶來的民族自尊上的困擾，作者給美國人提出建議：如果想要避免困擾，最好取消去英國的旅行，轉(zhuǎn)而前往新英格蘭(美國的一個地區(qū))旅行。換句話說，作者建議取消去國外的旅行，轉(zhuǎn)而在國內(nèi)旅行。
三、并列邏輯處
除了最熟悉的轉(zhuǎn)折以外，邏輯關(guān)系還包含：并列、舉例、因果、遞進等等。而緊排在轉(zhuǎn)折之后，并列相對在歷年真題中也是較多出現(xiàn)的考查處。
常見表并列的詞語：and, while(同時), meanwhile, also;
值得注意的是：兩個句子之間用分號(;)隔開，也表并列。
并列比較難以察覺，需要同學平時練習過程中就有意識地對這種邏輯關(guān)系進行關(guān)注。下面結(jié)合真題，大家可以詳細的回顧一下。
例1：(并列)They weren't lookingfor cured meats, organic produce or beautiful presentation; they were looking forwhatever they could get their hands on, and this prioritisation of quantityover quality prevailed for decades, meaning a generation was brought up withfood that couldn't compete with neighbouring France, Italy, Belgium orSpain.
53. Why couldn'tBritain compete with some of its neighbouring countries in terms of food in thepost-war decades?
A. Its food lackedvariety.
B. Its people caredmore for quantity.
C. It was short of well-trainedchefs.
D. It didn't haveflavourful food ingredients.
【答案】B
【解析】本段后半部分提到，這種只重數(shù)量不重質(zhì)量的習慣持續(xù)了幾十年，這意味著一代英國人是被無法和鄰近的法國、意大利、比利時和西班牙相媲美的食物養(yǎng)大的。由此可知，英國食物無法跟鄰國競爭是因為英國人只重數(shù)量不重質(zhì)量。B選項是對原文中“prioritisation of quantity over quality”的同意轉(zhuǎn)述。
四、轉(zhuǎn)折邏輯處
通過做歷年的四級閱讀真題大家也能發(fā)現(xiàn)，最常見的考點出處就是轉(zhuǎn)折處出考題。常見轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：but, however, yet, nevertheless, while(然而), on the contrary等等。下面結(jié)合真題，大家可以詳細的回顧一下。
例：I had waited tablesduring summers in college and was treated like a peon (勤雜工) plenty of people. But at 19 years old, I believed I deservedinferior treatment from professional adults. Besides, people responded to medifferently after I told them I was in college. Customers would joke that oneday I’d be sitting at theirtable, waiting to be served.
54. How did the authorfeel when waiting tables at the age of 19?
A. She felt it unfairto be treated as a mere servant by professional.
B. She felt badly hurtwhen her customers regarded her as a peon.
C. She was embarrassedeach time her customers joked with her.
D. She found itnatural for professionals to treat her as inferior.
【答案】D
【解析】作者19歲時在飯店當招待員，對于不被顧客尊重，她的看法是“deserved inferior treatment”，即“低人一等是理所當然的”。換句話說，作者覺得有專業(yè)技能的人看低她是十分自然的事，即D選項所述。
例：A few months ago, itwasn't unusual for 47-year-old Carla Toebe to spend 15 hours per day online.She'd wake up early, turn on her laptop and chat on Internet dating sites andinstant-messaging programs – leaving herbed for only brief intervals. Her household bills piled up, along with thedishes and dirty laundry, but it took near-constant complaints from her fourdaughters before she realized she had a problem.
51. What eventuallymade Carla Toebe realize she was spending too much time on the Internet?
A. The poorly managedstate of her house.
B. The high financialcosts adding up.
C. Fatigue resultingfrom lack of sleep.
D. Her daughter'srepeated complaints.
【答案】D
【解析】本段主要描述了Carla Toebe因上網(wǎng)嚴重影響到生活，最后一句后半句通過轉(zhuǎn)折指出，是她4個女兒的不停抱怨才讓她最終意識到自己有了問題(hada problem)，而這一問題正是題干中提到的“spendingtoo much time on the Internet”。
