英語(yǔ)四級(jí)基礎(chǔ)閱讀訓(xùn)練 Text 19

Text 19

How men first learnt to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sound to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down. Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words.

The power of words, then, lies in their associations — the things they bring up before our minds. Words become filled with meaning for us by experience; and the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past; and the more we read and learn, the more the number of words that mean something to us increases.

Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. This charming use of words is what we call literary style. Above all, the real poet is a master of words. He can convey his meaning in words which sing like music, and which by their position and association can move men to tears. We should therefore learn to choose our words carefully and use them accurately, or they will make our speech silly and dull.

1.The origin of language is_______.

A.a legend handed down from the past　　B.a matter that is hidden secretly

C.a question difficult to answer　　　　　D.a problem not yet solved

2.One of the reasons why men invented certain sounds to express thoughts and actions was that_______.

A.they could agree upon certain signs　　　　B.they could write them down

C.they could communicate with each other　　D.they could combine them

3.What is true about the words?

A.They are used to express feelings only.　　　B.They can not be written down.

C.They are simply sounds.　　　　　　　　　D.They are mysterious.

4.In expressing their thoughts, great writers are able_______.

A.to confuse the readers　　B.to move men to tears

C.to move our actions　　　D.to puzzle our feelings

5.Which of the following statements about the real poet is NOT true?

A.He is no more a master of words than an ordinary person.

B.He can convey his ideas in words which sing like music.

C.He can move men to tears.

D.His style is always charming.

長(zhǎng)難例句分析

［長(zhǎng)難例句］All we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain sound to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things, so that they could communicate with each other; and that later they agreed upon certain signs, called letters, which could be combined to represent those sounds, and which could be written down.

［結(jié)構(gòu)分析］本句是主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，all we really know是主語(yǔ)，is是系動(dòng)詞，that引導(dǎo)的從句作表語(yǔ)。在表語(yǔ)從句中，主干是men...invented...，so that they communicate...and that they agreed upon...which...。主語(yǔ)是men，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是invented，接下來(lái)的不定式to...作目的狀語(yǔ)，后面so that引導(dǎo)的是兩個(gè)并列的目的狀語(yǔ)從句，其中第二個(gè)從句中，which引導(dǎo)的非限定定語(yǔ)從句修飾名詞 letters。

［參考譯文］我們只知道人類(lèi)，不像動(dòng)物，設(shè)法創(chuàng)造了某個(gè)音來(lái)表達(dá)思想和感情、行為和事物，因此他們能夠互相交流；而且后來(lái)他們對(duì)某些符號(hào)達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn)，這些符號(hào)被稱(chēng)為字母，它們可以連在一起代表那些音，而且可以用筆記錄下來(lái)。

［長(zhǎng)難例句］...the longer we live, the more certain words recall to us the glad and sad events of our past.

［結(jié)構(gòu)分析］本句是the more...the more...結(jié)構(gòu)。

［參考譯文］……而且我們活得越長(zhǎng)，就有更多的一些詞讓我們回想起過(guò)去的悲傷與快樂(lè)。

［長(zhǎng)難例句］Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions.

［結(jié)構(gòu)分析］本句的主干是Great writers are those...，who引導(dǎo)關(guān)系從句修飾those，在這個(gè)關(guān)系從句中，which引導(dǎo)的關(guān)系從句用來(lái)修飾in的賓語(yǔ)words。

［參考譯文］偉大的作家是那些不但有偉大的思想而且能用強(qiáng)烈感染我們思想感情的詞語(yǔ)把這些思想表達(dá)出來(lái)的人。

全文參考譯文

人類(lèi)最開(kāi)始時(shí)是如何學(xué)會(huì)創(chuàng)造詞語(yǔ)的尚未可知，換句話(huà)說(shuō)，語(yǔ)言的起源是個(gè)謎。我們僅僅知道人類(lèi)，不像動(dòng)物，想法創(chuàng)造了某個(gè)音來(lái)表達(dá)思想感情、行為和事物，因此他們能夠互相交流；并且后來(lái)他們對(duì)某些符號(hào)達(dá)成一致意見(jiàn)，這些符號(hào)被稱(chēng)為字母，它們可以連在一起代表那些音，而且可以用筆記錄下來(lái)。這些音，不管是口述的還是用字母寫(xiě)下來(lái)的，我們都稱(chēng)之為詞。

詞的力量存在于它們所引起的聯(lián)系——它們能使我們大腦憶起的事物。伴著經(jīng)驗(yàn)的增長(zhǎng)，對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)詞充滿(mǎn)意義，而且我們活得越長(zhǎng)，就有更多的一些詞讓我們回想起過(guò)去的悲傷與快樂(lè)；我們讀得越多，學(xué)得越多，就會(huì)知道更多對(duì)我們有意義的詞。

偉大的作家是那些不但有偉大的思想而且能用強(qiáng)烈感染我們思想感情的詞語(yǔ)把這些思想表達(dá)出來(lái)的人。我們把這種對(duì)詞語(yǔ)巧妙的使用稱(chēng)之為文學(xué)風(fēng)格。真正的詩(shī)人尤其是語(yǔ)言大師。他可以用那些唱起來(lái)像音樂(lè)般的詞語(yǔ)表達(dá)他的意思，這些詞語(yǔ)被安置的位置以及它們所帶來(lái)的聯(lián)想能讓人感動(dòng)得落淚。因此我們應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)慎重地選擇我們所用的詞語(yǔ)并準(zhǔn)確地使用它們，不然的話(huà)，它們會(huì)讓我們的談吐變得愚蠢而又無(wú)聊。

題目答案與解析

1.人類(lèi)語(yǔ)言的起源是_________。

A.從過(guò)去流傳下來(lái)的傳說(shuō)　　B.秘密隱藏起的事情

C.一個(gè)難于回答的問(wèn)題　　　D.一個(gè)還沒(méi)得到解決的問(wèn)題

【答案】D

【解析】本題的依據(jù)是文章第一段的第一句How men first learnt to invent words is unknown; in other words, the origin of language is a mystery. 從中可知D項(xiàng)是正確答案。

2.人類(lèi)發(fā)明用某種聲音表達(dá)思想和行動(dòng)的原因之一是_________。

A.他們可以就某些信號(hào)達(dá)成一致　　B.他們可以寫(xiě)下來(lái)

C.他們可以互相交流　　　　　　　D.他們可以將它們結(jié)合起來(lái)

【答案】C

【解析】本題可參照第一段的第二句，從so that所引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句so that they could communicate with each other可知，C項(xiàng)為正確答案。

3.下面關(guān)于詞的說(shuō)法中哪個(gè)正確？

A.它們僅僅被用來(lái)表達(dá)感情。　　B.它們不能被寫(xiě)下來(lái)。

C.它們僅僅是聲音?！　　　　　.它們是神秘的。

【答案】C

【解析】本題的依據(jù)是第一段的最后一句話(huà)Those sounds, whether spoken or written in letters, we call words. 從中可知，C項(xiàng)為正確答案。A項(xiàng)不對(duì)，因?yàn)樵奶徇^(guò)express thoughts and feelings, actions and things。B項(xiàng)中的not使這一選項(xiàng)與文中的事實(shí)相反，D項(xiàng)文中沒(méi)有提及，原文只說(shuō)過(guò)語(yǔ)言的起源是mysterious，而不是語(yǔ)言本身。

4.當(dāng)表達(dá)他們思想的時(shí)候，偉大的作家能_________。

A.使讀者迷惑　　　　B.使人們感動(dòng)得流淚

C.改變我們的行動(dòng)　　D.迷惑我們的感覺(jué)

【答案】B

【解析】本題可參照文章的最后一段。從中可知，一位真正的詩(shī)人能使人們感動(dòng)得流淚，因此B項(xiàng)為正確答案。

5.以下關(guān)于一位真正詩(shī)人的描述中不正確的是哪一項(xiàng)？

A.與其說(shuō)他是個(gè)語(yǔ)言大師，不如說(shuō)他是個(gè)普通人。

B.他可以用歌唱般的語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)思想。

C.他可以使人感動(dòng)得流淚。

D.他的風(fēng)格總是很迷人。

【答案】A

【解析】本題可參照文中最后一段的第三句Above all, the real poet is a master of words，A項(xiàng)與之不符，因此A項(xiàng)為正確答案。