122. Melina Kunar of the University of Warwick, and Todd Horowitz of Harvard Medical School ran a series of experiments in which two groups of volunteers had to pay attention and respond to a series of moving tasks on a computer screen that were reckoned equivalent in difficulty to driving.
譯文
華威大學的梅利娜·庫娜和哈佛醫(yī)學院的托德·霍羅威茨做了一系列試驗,他們讓兩組志愿者注意電腦屏幕上的一系列移動任務并作出反應,這些任務被認為與開車的難度相當。
點睛
本句的主干是Melina Kunar...and Todd Horowitz...ran...experiments...。其中,in which two groups of volunteers...to driving屬于“介詞+關系代詞”引導的定語從句,修飾先行詞experiments,該從句中又包含一個that引導的定語從句,修飾先行詞moving tasks。
reckon意為“認為”,此外它還含有“考慮;估計”之意。如:
I have to reckon the cost before I book the tickets. 我得先算一下費用,然后再訂票。
equivalent意為“相等的;相當?shù)?rdquo;。如:
This qualification is equivalent to a degree. 這個資格證書相當于學位證。
考點歸納
由“介詞+關系代詞”引出的定語從句須注意以下幾個問題:
關系代詞which和whom在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時,介詞可放在關系代詞之前,也可放在該定語從句中的動詞之后(此時,which可用that代替,whom可用who或that代替。在口語和非正式文體中,關系代詞可以省略)。如:
I'm looking for a friend with whom I can chat on msn. 我在尋找一個能和我用msn聊天的朋友。
此句可以改為:I'm looking for a friend (who/whom/that) I can chat on msn with.
關系代詞that在定語從句中作介詞的賓語時,介詞只能放在從句中de相關動詞之后,不可放在that前面,但that可省略。如:
The position(that) she applied for is very attractive. 她申請的那個職位很有吸引力。(√)
The position for that she applied is very attractive. (×)
在由“代詞+of+關系代詞”結構引導的定語從句中,先行詞指“人”時用whom,指“物”時用which。如:
There are 50 students in my class, most of whom are girls. 我們班上有50個學生,其中大多數(shù)是女孩。
He has a large collection of books, many of which are written in English. 他藏書很多,大部分是英文書。