大學(xué)英語六級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)：颶風(fēng)的影響因素

英語六級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)，是提升英語能力的重要途徑。通過它，不僅能夠鍛煉語言技能，還能擴(kuò)充六級(jí)詞匯，深化語法知識(shí)，為英語水平的全面提升奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)。以下是大學(xué)英語六級(jí)閱讀練習(xí)示例：

文章內(nèi)容

Small increases in temperature found to add power to storms in the Atlantic.
研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，氣溫的小幅上升會(huì)增加大西洋風(fēng)暴的威力。

Hurricanes that form in the Atlantic Ocean are expected to gain considerable strength asthe global temperature continues to rise, a new study has found.
一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，隨著全球氣溫的持續(xù)上升，在大西洋形成的颶風(fēng)預(yù)計(jì)將獲得相當(dāng)大的威力。

Using modeling data focused on the conditions in which hurricanes form, a group ofinternational researchers based at Beijing Normal University found that for every 1.8°F ( 1℃ )rise of the Earth's temperature, the number of hurricanes in the Atlantic that are as strong orstronger than Hurricane Katrina will increase twofold to sevenfold.
北京師范大學(xué)的一組國(guó)際研究人員利用以颶風(fēng)形成條件為重點(diǎn)的建模數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)，地球溫度每上升 1.8 華氏度（1℃），大西洋中強(qiáng)度與卡特里娜颶風(fēng)相當(dāng)或更強(qiáng)的颶風(fēng)數(shù)量將增加兩倍到七倍。

Hurricane strength is directly related to the heat of the water where the storm forms. Morewater vapor in the air from evaporating ocean water adds fuel to hurricanes that build strengthand head toward land.
颶風(fēng)的強(qiáng)度與風(fēng)暴形成地的海水熱量直接相關(guān)。海水蒸發(fā)后空氣中的水蒸氣增多，為颶風(fēng)增添了燃料，使颶風(fēng)強(qiáng)度增強(qiáng)，并向陸地移動(dòng)。

Hurricane Katrina is widely considered the measure for a destructive storm, holding themaximum Category 5 designation for a full 24 hours in late August 2005. It lost strength as itpassed over the Florida peninsula, but gained destructive power fight before colliding withNew Orleans, killing more than 200 people and causing $ 80 billion in damage.
卡特里娜颶風(fēng)被廣泛認(rèn)為是衡量破壞性風(fēng)暴的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，它在 2005 年 8 月下旬的整整 24 小時(shí)內(nèi)都保持著 5 級(jí)的最高強(qiáng)度。它在掠過佛羅里達(dá)半島時(shí)減弱了力量，但在與新奧爾良相撞前又增強(qiáng)了破壞力，造成 200 多人死亡，800 億美元的損失。

The study points to a gradual increase of Katrina-like events. The warming experiencedover the 20th century doubled the number of such debilitating(將人類摧垮的)storms. But theongoing warming of the planet into the 21st century could increase the frequency of theworst kinds of storms by 700 percent, threatening coastlines along the Atlantic Ocean withmuitiple Category 5 storms every year.
研究指出，類似卡特里娜的事件正在逐漸增多。20 世紀(jì)經(jīng)歷的氣候變暖使這種將人類摧垮的風(fēng)暴的數(shù)量增加了一倍。但進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)后，地球持續(xù)變暖可能會(huì)使最惡劣類型的風(fēng)暴發(fā)生頻率增加700%，每年大西洋沿岸都會(huì)遭受數(shù)次5級(jí)風(fēng)暴的威脅。

"Our results support the idea that changes in regional sea surface temperatures is theprimary cause of hurricane variability," said Aslak Girnstead, a researcher with the Center forIce and Climate at the University of Copenhagen. The large impact of small sea-surfacetemperature increases was more than Girustead and his colleagues had anticipated. Theentire study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
“哥本哈根大學(xué)冰與氣候中心研究員阿斯拉克-吉恩斯泰德說：”我們的研究結(jié)果支持了這樣一種觀點(diǎn)，即區(qū)域海面溫度的變化是颶風(fēng)多變性的主要原因。哥本哈根大學(xué)冰與氣候中心的研究員阿斯拉克-吉恩斯泰德說："海面溫度的小幅上升所產(chǎn)生的巨大影響超出了吉恩斯泰德和他的同事們的預(yù)料。整個(gè)研究發(fā)表在《美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院院刊》上。

Global temperatures have steadily increased, making the past decade the warmest onrecord. Earlier this year, climate researchers reported that the Earth's temperatures have risenfaster in the last century than at any point since the last ice age, 11,300 years ago. Theprimary cause, a couseusus of scientists has said, is the rising emissions of greenhousegases like carbon dioxide and methane.
全球氣溫穩(wěn)步上升，使過去十年成為有記錄以來最熱的十年。今年早些時(shí)候，氣候研究人員報(bào)告說，上個(gè)世紀(jì)地球氣溫的上升速度超過了11300年前上一個(gè)冰河時(shí)期以來的任何時(shí)期。科學(xué)家們表示，主要原因是二氧化碳和甲烷等溫室氣體的排放量不斷增加。

Past hurricanes have supported the study's finding that global temperature rise is linkedto more destructive storms. According to the National Center for Atmospheric Research, whilethe frequency of storms doesn't appear to have increased, the percentage of strong ones hasrisen sharply over the past few decades. The trend may be similar further back in time, butcomprehensive hurricane data doesn't exist.
過去的颶風(fēng)支持了這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)論，即全球氣溫上升與更具破壞性的風(fēng)暴有關(guān)。根據(jù)美國(guó)國(guó)家大氣研究中心的數(shù)據(jù)，雖然風(fēng)暴的頻率似乎并沒有增加，但是強(qiáng)風(fēng)暴的比例在過去幾十年中急劇上升。這種趨勢(shì)在更久遠(yuǎn)的年代可能也是類似的，但目前還沒有全面的颶風(fēng)數(shù)據(jù)。

問題：

1. According to the team of international researchers based at Beijing Normal University,the rise of the Earth's temperature is likely to cause

A.the coming of ice age

C.more Katrina-like or worse hurricanes

B.less intense hurricanes

D.more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

2. The ocean water in the region where the storm forms

A.is heating the hurricanes

B.evaporates and becomes fuel

C.heads toward land

D.turns into water vapor that makes hurricanes stronger

3. Which of the following statement is TRUE about Hurricane Katrina?

A.It did not lose its strength as it moved.

B.It claimed over 200 people's lives.

C.It caused 80 billion dollars loss for Florida peninsula.

D.It lasted for full 24 hours.

4. What result can regional sea surface temperature changes produce?

A.Hurricane changes.

C.Global warming.

B.Increasing greenhouse gas emissions.

D.Destructive hurricanes.

5. It can be inferred from the passage that

A.there is no link between greenhouse gas emissions and destructive storms

B.reduction of greenhouse gas emissions may reduce destructive storms

C.the higher percentage of strong ones rose as more hurricanes appeared

D.past records on hurricanes included everything needed

【答案解析】

1.答案：C
解析：本題關(guān)注地球溫度上升對(duì)颶風(fēng)頻率和強(qiáng)度的影響。定位句明確指出，當(dāng)?shù)厍驕囟让可仙?.8華氏度（即1攝氏度）時(shí)，大西洋中強(qiáng)度與卡特里娜颶風(fēng)相當(dāng)或更強(qiáng)的颶風(fēng)數(shù)量會(huì)顯著增加，從兩倍到七倍不等。因此，C選項(xiàng)“更多像卡特里娜那樣或是更糟糕的颶風(fēng)”準(zhǔn)確反映了這一變化。

2.答案：D
解析：本題探討颶風(fēng)形成區(qū)域中海水的作用。根據(jù)定位句，從海洋中蒸發(fā)到空氣中的水分越多，颶風(fēng)的威力就越強(qiáng)，隨后這些颶風(fēng)會(huì)直接襲擊陸地。這說明了海水蒸發(fā)成水蒸氣是增強(qiáng)風(fēng)暴威力的關(guān)鍵過程。因此，D選項(xiàng)“蒸發(fā)成水蒸氣，使得風(fēng)暴威力增強(qiáng)”準(zhǔn)確概括了這一現(xiàn)象。

3.答案：B
解析：本題要求理解卡特里娜颶風(fēng)的具體影響。定位句指出，卡特里娜颶風(fēng)在到達(dá)新奧爾良州之前強(qiáng)度顯著增加，其巨大的破壞力導(dǎo)致了超過200人的死亡，并造成了高達(dá)800億美元的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。因此，B選項(xiàng)“卡特里娜颶風(fēng)造成了大量的人員傷亡和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失”是對(duì)這一事件影響的準(zhǔn)確描述。

4.答案：A
解析：本題分析局域海面溫度變化對(duì)颶風(fēng)的影響。定位句強(qiáng)調(diào)，局域海面溫度的變化是颶風(fēng)變化的主要原因。這意味著海面溫度的變化直接影響颶風(fēng)的形成、發(fā)展和強(qiáng)度。因此，A選項(xiàng)“局域海面溫度的變化對(duì)颶風(fēng)造成顯著影響”準(zhǔn)確地概括了這一關(guān)系。

5.答案：B
解析：本題探討減少溫室氣體排放對(duì)緩解破壞性風(fēng)暴頻率的作用。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段和最后一段的信息，全球變暖是由溫室氣體的大量排放引起的，而全球變暖與破壞性風(fēng)暴頻率的增加之間存在關(guān)聯(lián)。由此可以推斷，減少溫室氣體的排放有助于減緩全球變暖的趨勢(shì)，進(jìn)而可能降低破壞性風(fēng)暴的發(fā)生頻率。因此，B選項(xiàng)“減少溫室氣體排放可能有助于減少破壞性風(fēng)暴的發(fā)生”是合理的推斷。