雞不只會傳播疾病，還會啄死你

On the heels of a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) about backyard chickens spreading illness to people in 49 states comes a harrowing tale about a woman who was killed by a rooster that delivered a lethal strike to a varicose vein in her leg.

美國疾病控制與預(yù)防中心(CDC)發(fā)布了一份關(guān)于49個州后院養(yǎng)雞傳播疾病的報告之后，緊隨其后的是一個令人痛心的故事:一名婦女被一只公雞咬死，這只公雞致命地?fù)糁辛怂壬系撵o脈曲張。

According to the report, which was published in the journal Forensic Science, Medicine and Pathology, the 76-year-old had been collecting eggs at her home in Australia when the aggressive rooster attacked her lower left leg. The woman collapsed, with an autopsy later revealing two small lacerations on her leg, including one on a varicose vein, LiveScience reported.

這篇發(fā)表在《法醫(yī)學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)和病理學(xué)》雜志上的報道稱，這名76歲的老婦人在澳大利亞的家中收集雞蛋時，一只兇猛的公雞襲擊了她的左腿下部。據(jù)《生活科學(xué)》報道，這名女子隨之倒下，尸檢發(fā)現(xiàn)她的腿上有兩個小傷口，其中一個是靜脈曲張。

Her cause of death was listed as exsanguination, which is a severe loss of blood, caused by the rooster’s aggressive pecking. The attack is considered “rare” by the report’s authors, with one telling LiveScience that it “demonstrates that even relatively small domestic animals may be able to inflict lethal injuries in individuals if there are specific vascular vulnerabilities present.”

她的死因被列為失血過多，這是一種嚴(yán)重的失血，由公雞的攻擊性啄傷造成。報告作者認(rèn)為這次襲擊是“罕見的”，其中一位作者告訴《生活科學(xué)》雜志，這次襲擊“表明，如果存在特定的血管脆弱性，即使是相對較小的家畜，也可能對個人造成致命傷害”。

Any superficial vein may become vericosed, which means twisted and enlarged, but they are most commonly found in the legs. According to the MayoClinic, they are most often a cosmetic concern, but in some cases they can lead to more serious issues. They are typically caused by damaged or weakened valves, but there are several risk factors that may be at play including age, sex, pregnancy, family history, obesity, or sitting or standing for long periods of time.

任何淺表靜脈都可能變得扭曲，意味著靜脈曲張，常見于腿部。根據(jù)市長診所的說法，靜脈曲張通常只是美觀問題，但在某些情況下，它們會導(dǎo)致更嚴(yán)重的問題。靜脈曲張通常由受損或減弱的瓣膜引起，但也有一些危險因素可能在起作用，比如年齡、性別、懷孕、家族史、肥胖、久坐或久站。

Patients most often only experience visible symptoms such as dark purple or blue veins, or veins that appear twisted or bulged. But some patients can experience an achy or heavy feeling in the legs, burning, throbbing, cramping or worsened pain after sitting or standing for a long time. Patients may also experience itching or skin discoloration. Complications tied to varicose veins may occur, which, according to the Mayo Clinic, may include ulcers, blood clots or bleeding.

患者通常只是出現(xiàn)明顯的癥狀，如深紫色或藍(lán)色靜脈，或靜脈出現(xiàn)扭曲或腫脹。但有些病人在久坐或久站后，會感到腿部疼痛或沉重，有灼燒感、搏動感、抽筋感或疼痛加劇?；颊咭部赡軙霈F(xiàn)瘙癢或皮膚變色。據(jù)梅奧診所說，與靜脈曲張相關(guān)的并發(fā)癥可能包括潰瘍、血栓或出血。

Physicians may recommend exercise, leg elevation or wearing a compression stocking to help ease the pain or prevent varicose veins from worsening. The report’s authors also noted that the woman had several other underlying health issues including high blood pressure and type 2 diabetes.

醫(yī)生通常會建議運(yùn)動、抬腿或穿緊身襪來減輕疼痛或防止靜脈曲張惡化。報告的作者還指出，這名婦女還有其他一些潛在的健康問題，包括高血壓和2型糖尿病。