卡耐基演講·三、逐一羅列演講的重點問題

如果想讓講演給聽眾井然有序、條理分明的印象，最簡單的方法之一，是在講演過程中明白地提示：你有幾個重點，現(xiàn)在你講的是哪點，接下來你又要講到哪一點。One of the simplest ways to keep a talk shipshape in the minds of your listeners is to mention plainly as you go along that you are taking up first one point and then another.

“我的第一點是……”你完全可以坦白地這樣說。討論完這一點，再坦誠地提示將要談第二點，就這樣一直說到結(jié)束。My first point is this: ... You can be as blunt as that. When you've discussed the point, you can say frankly that you are going to the second one. You can keep on that way to the end.

羅夫·J.邦茨博士任聯(lián)合國助理秘書長一職的時候，在紐約州羅契斯城市俱樂部主辦的演講會上發(fā)表過重要的演講，他從一開始就是采用這種直率的方式：Dr. Ralph J. Bunche, when assistant secretary-general of the United Nations, began an important talk sponsored by the City Club of Rochester, New York, in this straightforward manner:

“今晚我講演的題目是《人際關(guān)系的挑戰(zhàn)》，是因為以下兩個原因，”他說，接著說，“首先……其二……”從頭到尾，他都小心翼翼地讓聽眾明白他的每一個重點，他引領(lǐng)著聽眾得出結(jié)論：“我們不能對人類向善的天性失去信心?！盜 have chosen to speak tonight on the topic, 'The Challenge of Human Relations,' for two reasons, he said. He went on at once to add, "In the first place ... "He continued soon, "In the second place ... "Throughout the talk, he was careful to make clear to his audience that he was leading it, point by point, to his conclusion: We must never lose faith in man's potential power for good.

經(jīng)濟學家保羅·H.道格拉斯，在國會聯(lián)合委員會想方設(shè)法，試圖刺激一度停滯不前的商業(yè)的會議上，以委員稅務專家和伊利諾伊州長參議員身份講演，巧妙有效地使用了相同的辦法。The same method was given an effective twist when the economist. Paul H. Douglas, spoke to a congressional joint committee struggling with means to stimulate business when it once was lagging in this country. He spoke both as a tax expert and as Senator from Illinois.

他這樣開始：“我的主題是：最迅速、最有效的行動方式，是通過對中、低收入民眾——那些幾乎會用去所有收入的人們——采取減稅?！盡y theme, he began, "is this: The quickest and most effective way to act is by means of a tax cut for lower and middle income groups-that is, those groups which tend to spend almost all their income."

然后用這樣的方式繼續(xù)他的演講：Specifically... he went on.

“具體說……Further... he continued.

“進一步說……In addition... he continued.

“此外…… “有三個主要的理由……第一……第二……第三……。 “總而言之，我們需要的，是立即對中、低收入民眾實行減稅措施，以增加需求與購買力?！盩here are three principal reasons: ... First... Second ... Third... In summation, what we need is an immediate tax cut for low and middle income groups in order to increase demand and purchasing power."